Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uba nobunzima bokubona abantu? Ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi uyakhohlwa ubuso? (I-Prosopagnosia / Ubumpumputhe Bobuso) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ngezinye izikhathi ubona umuntu omazi kahle, kodwa ungakwazi ukubona ubuso bakhe? Noma unenkinga yokubona imizwa ebusweni bomuntu - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udabukile, ujabule, noma uthukuthele? Lokhu akuyona nje inkumbulo elahlekile. Kungaba yisimo sezokwelapha. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla.

Iyini le nkinga yokungakwazi ukubona ubuso? (Prosopagnosia)

Kalula nje, i-Prosopagnosia (ebizwa ngokuthi: pro-so-pag-no-see-ya) yisimo lapho ukubona kwakho kulungile, kodwa ubuchopho bakho abukwazi ukubona ubuso babantu noma imizwa ebusweni babo. Cabanga uma ubona umuntu ombona nsuku zonke ehhovisi lakho, umngane wakho omkhulu, noma mhlawumbe ngisho nelungu lomndeni, bese ucabanga ukuthi, "Ungubani lo?" Yilokho lesi simo esiyikho.

I-Prosopagnosia yisimo esiyingxenye yesigaba esikhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-Agnosia . I-Agnosia ukungakwazi kobuchopho ukuqonda kahle nokuqaphela ulwazi olutholwa yizinzwa zethu (njengezindlebe, impumulo, njll.). Esikhathini esiningi, lolu hlobo lwe-Agnosia lwenzeka lapho kunomonakalo othile ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, into emangazayo ukuthi i-Prosopagnosia, isimo lapho ubuchopho bungakwazi ukubona ubuso, ngezinye izikhathi singavela ngaphandle komonakalo ebuchosheni.

Ubani ongaba nalesi simo? Sivame kangakanani?

Elinye igama lalokhu yi-Face Blindness . Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.

1. I-Acquired Prosopagnosia: Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi simo senzeka ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho ngesikhathi esithile sokuphila. Kufana nesifo esikhula kamuva ekuphileni.

2. I-Congenital Prosopagnosia: Lesi yisimo esiba khona lapho umuntu ezalwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu uzalwa enalesi simo. Ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi lesi simo sokuzalwa se-Prosopagnosia singase sibe nokuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo. Kungabonakala sengathi sidluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye kweminye imindeni.

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi lesi simo sivame kangakanani. Kuncane kakhulu ulwazi ngalokhu, ikakhulukazi mayelana ne-Acquired Prosopagnosia. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ulwazi oluthile mayelana ne-Congenital Prosopagnosia (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Developmental Prosopagnosia ). Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe u-2.5% wabantu bahlushwa yilesi simo ngezinga elithile.

Kodwa-ke, kunemibono ehlukene mayelana nokuthi leli phesenti linembile yini. Esinye isizathu ukuthi lesi simo kunzima ukusithola. Esinye isizathu ukuthi kunzima ukudweba umugqa ocacile phakathi kwalokho "okubuthakathaka kancane ekukhumbuleni ubuso" nokuthi yini ngempela i-Prosopagnosia.

Lesi simo sithinta kanjani umzimba wakho?

I-Prosopagnosia yisimo esithinta ubuchopho kuphela . Kodwa-ke, akusikho nje ukungakwazi ukubona ubuso. Lesi simo sibangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu nokukhathazeka kubantu abaningi.Kuyenzeka. Cabanga ukuthi uzizwa unamahloni futhi udangele kangakanani uma ungakhumbuli ubuso kuyilapho abanye bekwazi ukubakhumbula kalula. Lokhu kuhlazeka nokukhathazeka kubangela abantu abaningi ukuba bagweme ukuzijabulisa nabantu ngisho nokuya emicimbini.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Prosopagnosia?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-prosopagnosia, futhi izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwayo.

1. I-Apperceptive Prosopagnosia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ungakwazi ukubona ubuso noma ezinye izimpawu ezingezona ezezwi. Isibonelo, ungase ube nobunzima bokuqonda ukuthi othile uyamomotheka, uthukuthele, noma uyamangala uma ekubuka.

2. I-Associative Prosopagnosia: Lesi yisikhathi lapho ungakwazi ukubona ubuso bomuntu, noma ngabe ubazi kahle. Kodwa-ke, ungambona ngezinye izindlela. Isibonelo, ngezwi lakhe, indlela ahamba ngayo, isitayela sakhe sezinwele, noma iphunga aligcobayo. Cabanga ukuthi lapho umamezala wakho efika ekhaya, ungambona ubuso bakhe kodwa awukwazi ukumqaphela ngezwi lakhe, ethi, "O... umama uyeza."

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-prosopagnosia?

Izici ezingadala lesi simo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi senzeka kanjani.

I-Acquired Prosopagnosia (isimo esivele kamuva)

Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobo ze-agnosia zibangelwa umonakalo (izilonda) ebuchosheni. Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona zalomonakalo:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Izimila zobuchopho (ezinomdlavuza noma ezingezona umdlavuza)
• Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo
• Izinkinga zokukhula
• Ukulimala ekhanda, isibonelo (Ukulimala Kobuchopho Okubuhlungu - Ama-TBI)
• Umonakalo obangelwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni (i-Cerebral Hypoxia)
• Izifo (isib. izifo ezithinta ubuchopho, njenge- encephalitis )
• Ukuquleka kanye ne-Epilepsy
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Izinto ezinobuthi, isibonelo , ubuthi be-carbon monoxide

I-Congenital Prosopagnosia (isimo esikhona lapho umuntu ezalwa)

Abantu abane-prosopagnosia yokuzalwa abanawo umonakalo onjalo wobuchopho. Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi izinguquko ezithile (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) ku-DNA yabo zivamile. Yingakho ekuqaleni kwakusolwa ukuthi inokuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo ngoba iyenzeka emindenini.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinguquko ze-DNA azizuzwa njengefa kubazali. Lezi izinguquko ezintsha, ezizenzakalelayo ezibizwa ngokuthi "izinguquko ze-de novo". Lezi zivame kakhulu kubantu abane-prosopagnosia yokuzalwa.

Kusolwa nokuthi i-prosopagnosia ingase ihlotshaniswe nezinye izimo zokukhula, njenge- autism spectrum disorder . Kodwa-ke, kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa lokhu.

Okubalulekile:I-Prosopagnosia ayithelelani. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo (isib. i-encephalitis) ezingayibangela zingathelelana. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu onaleso sifo ozothola i-prosopagnosia.

Itholakala kanjani i-Prosopagnosia? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuxilonga lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Akunakwenziwa ngokuhlolwa okukodwa nje. Kuyinhlanganisela yezinto ezifana nodokotela okubuza imibuzo, ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa , kanye nokwenza izithombe nokuhlola okuhlukahlukene kokuxilonga.

Ezinye zezivivinyo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa: Kuhlola ukuthi ukubona kwakho kulungile yini nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini izifo ezihlobene namehlo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesimo sengqondo kanye nesimo sengqondo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola izinkinga ngokucabanga kwakho, ukunaka, kanye namakhono akho okuxazulula izinkinga.
• Ukuhlolwa kwememori: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi ukungakwazi ukubona ubuso kubangelwa yini inkinga yememori.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqaphela ubuso: Lokhu kuhlola ikhono lakho lokubona, ukukhumbula, nokuhlukanisa phakathi kobuso obuhlukene. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ukhombe izithombe zabantu abadumile. Uma usola ukuthi une-Apperceptive Prosopagnosia, ungase ucelwe futhi ukuthi ukhombe ukubonakaliswa kobuso.
• Ezinye izivivinyo zokuqaphela izinto: Kunezinye izinhlobo ze-agnosia ebonakalayo efana ne-prosopagnosia. Lezi zivivinyo zihlola ukuthi unenye uhlobo lwe-agnosia, noma ukuthi unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa ze-agnosia.

Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezingenziwa?

Kuye ngesidingo, izivivinyo ezilandelayo zingenziwa futhi:

• Ukuskena kwe-Computerized Tomography (CT)
• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG) (ukuhlolwa okulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho)
• Ukuhlolwa kwamathuba okuhoxiswa
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo
• Isithombe Sokuzwakala Kwe-Magnetic (MRI)
• Ukumpompa komgogodla (Ukubhoboza Kwethambo) (Ukuhlolwa koketshezi lomgogodla)

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha i-prosopagnosia? Ingabe ingelapheka?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi le-Prosopagnosia . Kodwa-ke, ezinye zezimo eziyisisekelo ezibangela i-Acquired Prosopagnosia zingelashwa. Uma lezo zimo zelashwa, mhlawumbe i-Prosopagnosia izothuthuka ngezinga elithile. Kodwa-ke, i-Prosopagnosia ivame ukuba yisimo esihlala njalo , futhi ukwelashwa okunjalo akuvamile.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi une-prosopagnosia yokuzalwa noma i-prosopagnosia etholakala unomphela, kunezindlela zokukusiza ukuthi uphile nalesi simo futhi uzivumelanise naso. Odokotela bangakufundisa ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nalesi simo nokuthi unganciphisa kanjani umthelela waso empilweni yakho.

Yimiphi imithi kanye nokwelashwa okusetshenziselwa lokhu?

Izinketho zokwelapha zincike emgomweni. Ukwelashwa kwezimo eziyisisekelo ezibangela i-prosopagnosia kuyahlukahluka, njengoba kunjalo nokwelashwa kokubhekana nalesi simo.

Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezibangela i-prosopagnosia:

Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zibhekana nenkinga eyisisekelo eyabangela i-prosopagnosia. Lokhu kungase kuthuthukise noma kungathuthukisi isimo se-prosopagnosia.

• Imithi: Kungaba nemithi eyahlukahlukene, kusukela kuma-antibiotics okutheleleka kuya emithini yezifo ze-dementia.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ngezinye izikhathi, izinto ezifana nezimila zobuchopho zingabangela i-prosopagnosia ngokucindezela izingxenye zobuchopho. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuhlinzwa kokususa isimila kunganciphisa ingcindezi ebuchosheni futhi kuvumele ukuthi isebenze ngendlela evamile.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezisiza ukubhekana ne-prosopagnosia:

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nasezimweni lapho kungenzeka khona ukululama, odokotela bangase bakuthumele ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela ezifana nalezi. Lezi zikufundisa indlela yokuphila nalesi simo nokuthi ungasilungisa kanjani.

• Ukuqeqeshwa kokubona: Le ndlela ikufundisa indlela yokukhumbula izici ezithile zobuso bomuntu ngokumbheka. Ikufundisa nendlela yokubona abantu ngokusekelwe ezicini ezithile zobuso. Uma une-Apperceptive Prosopagnosia, ingakusiza futhi ukuthi uqaphele imizwa kanye nezimpawu zobuso.
• Amasu okubhekana nesimo: Lezi zindlela zokuvuselela zigxile ekusizeni abantu ukuthi baqaphele omunye nomunye besebenzisa izinto ezifana nezwi kanye nezinkomba zomongo. Ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokubona abantu ngezwi kungasiza ekunqobeni inkinga yokubona ubuso.

Yiziphi izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yemithi, ukuhlinzwa, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zincike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lokwelashwa, ubukhali besimo sakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Udokotela wakho angakweluleka kangcono ngokuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga okufanele uziqaphele futhi uzilindele.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani/ngiphatha kanjani izimpawu?

Uma uba ne-Prosopagnosia phakathi neminyaka yobudala, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuzama ukuyixilonga noma ukuyilapha wena . Kungaba nzima ngisho nakodokotela abaqeqeshiwe ukuyixilonga. Kungahlotshaniswa nezimo ezinkulu zezinzwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubona udokotela.

Abantu abaningi abane-prosopagnosia yokuzalwa abaqapheli ukuthi banalesi simo ngoba sebesijwayele futhi sebesungule izindlela zokubhekana naso kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.

Uma uke waba ne-Prosopagnosia impilo yakho yonke futhi usola ukuthi unalesi simo, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela. Bangaphendula imibuzo yakho, bakuthumele kuchwepheshe uma kudingeka, futhi bakusize uqonde lokho obhekene nakho. Bangaphinde bakuthumele ezinhlelweni ezingakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nalesi simo futhi unciphise ukuphazamiseka esikubangelayo empilweni yakho.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokwelashwa sincike kakhulu ebunzimeni besimo sakho, isifo esiyisisekelo, kanye nokwelashwa okutholayo. Kwezinye izimo, i-Prosopagnosia ingase ithuthuke noma inyamalale ngokuphelele phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kungathatha unyaka. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo sihlala njalo .

Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele noma nginciphise ingozi yokuthola i-prosopagnosia?

Njengoba izimo eziningi ezibangela i-Acquired Prosopagnosia zingabikezeleki, azinakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele. Okuwukuphela kwento esingayenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthi zenzeke. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinhle kakhulu esingazenza:

• Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo futhi ugcine isisindo esinempilo. Izifo eziningi zenhliziyo nezinhlelo zokujikeleza kwegazi, ikakhulukazi isifo sohlangothi, zingabangela ukulimala kobuchopho futhi ziholele ezinkingeni ezifana ne-prosopagnosia. Ukugwema lezi zimo kungenye yezindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yakho.
• Ungazithathi kalula izifo. Ungalibali ukufuna ukwelashwa kwezifo zamehlo noma zendlebe. Kubalulekile ukuvimbela lezi zifo ukuthi zingasabalali, njengoba zingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngisho nebulalayo, uma zifika ebuchosheni. I-Prosopagnosia ingaba yisimo esiqeda amandla.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela. Ukulimala ekhanda kuyimbangela enkulu yazo zonke izinhlobo ze-agnosia, okuhlanganisa ne-prosopagnosia. Ukugqoka imishini yokuzivikela ngenkathi usebenza noma udlala kubalulekile ukuvimbela lokhu kulimala.
• Lawula izimo zakho zempilo. Ezinye izimo ezingamahlalakhona, njengesifo sokuwa noma i-sleep apnea, zingalimaza ubuchopho. Ukulawula lezi zimo kunganciphisa ingozi yokulimala kobuchopho okungaholela ku-prosopagnosia.

Yini engingayilindela uma nginalesi simo?

Ezimweni eziningi ze-Acquired Prosopagnosia kanye nakuwo wonke amacala e-Congenital Prosopagnosia, lesi simo sihlala njalo. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo asiyona ingozi ngqo empilweni noma ekuphepheni kwakho. Kodwa-ke, sinamandla okuthinta impilo yakho yengqondo . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abanalesi simo bazizwa bekhathazekile futhi besaba ezimweni zomphakathi lapho kunzima ukubona umuntu abake bahlangana naye ngaphambili.

Nakuba lesi simo sihlala njalo futhi singelapheki ngokuqondile, asiyona ingozi empilweni nasekuphepheni kwakho. Ezimweni eziningi, singelashwa. Ungafunda ezinye izindlela zokuhlangana nabantu. Lokhu kuzokusiza kakhulu ukuthi uhlangane nabantu.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu wokukuqondisa endleleni yokuphila ne-prosopagnosia. Bangakudlulisela kodokotela abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile nabanolwazi noma ezinhlelweni ezifanelekile ezingakusiza ukuthi uvumelane nesimo futhi uphile naso, futhi bangakusiza futhi ukuthi uqaphe intuthuko yakho.

Ukunakekela impilo yengqondo

Abantu abane-prosopagnosia bavame ukuzizwa bekhathazekile ezimweni zomphakathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bazizwa benamahloni futhi bengakhululekile ngoba banenkinga yokubona abantu. Abanye abantu baba nobudlelwano nabantu futhi baba nesizungu ngenxa yalokhu. Lokhu kungaholela kwezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, njengokucindezeleka.

Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo, njengabeluleki noma abelaphi. Laba ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bangakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka okuhambisana nalesi simo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

I-Prosopagnosia akuyona into evamile kakhulu. Uma ivele ngokuzumayo, ngokushesha, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha bese uhlela i-aphoyintimenti. Ngoba uma lesi simo sibangelwa inkinga efana nomdlavuza wobuchopho, singavela ngokushesha kakhulu.

Futhi, uma unomuzwa wokuthi le nkinga iphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela. Lokhu kusebenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ube nezinkinga zokubona ubuso impilo yakho yonke noma uma kuyinto entsha.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukubona ubuso, ikakhulukazi uma buhambisana nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala kobuchopho, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi zifaka:

• Ubuthakathaka, ukuba ndikindiki, noma ukukhubazeka kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba.
• Ukuthambekela kokungingiza lapho ukhuluma.
• Uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso lugobile noma lulahlekelwa umbono kwelinye iso.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya.
• Ukudideka, ukungahlaliseki.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukucabanga, noma ukukhumbula.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo, elinzima elenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Mngani othandekayo, lesi simo se-Prosopagnosia, noma ukungakwazi ukubona ubuso, kungenza umuntu angakhululeki engqondweni. Uma usemphakathini, ungase uhlale unesaba futhi unamahloni okuthi "Kuthiwani uma ngingamazi lo muntu?"

• Akulona iphutha lakho lokhu: lesi yisimo sezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke akudingeki ube namahloni ngaso noma uzisole.
• Awuwedwa: ​​kukhona nabanye abantu abahlushwa yilesi simo. Ungesabi ukucela usizo.
• Kukhona ukwelashwa nokusekelwa: Nakuba lesi simo singelapheki ngokuphelele, kungenzeka ukwelapha izimbangela eziyisisekelo nokufunda izindlela zokukusiza ukuthi uphile futhi ubhekane nalesi simo.
• Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha: Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Bangakuthola kahle futhi bakunikeze isiqondiso esidingekayo.
• Impilo yengqondo ibalulekile: Funa ukwelashwa kokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka okubangelwa yilesi simo. Funa usizo kudokotela wengqondo.

Ungakhohlwa, ungaphila ngempumelelo nalesi simo. Ngosizo namasu afanele, unganciphisa umthelela le nkinga enawo empilweni yakho futhi uphile impilo ejabulisayo!

i- prosopagnosia, ubumpumputhe bobuso, ukuqashelwa kobuso, izifo zobuchopho, izifo zezinzwa, impilo yengqondo, i-agnosia