Uma ucabanga ngokwelashwa kwesimo sengqondo esifana nokucindezeleka, ucabanga ngesigcawu esiku-movie lapho uhleli esihlalweni nodokotela ukhuluma ngesikhathi sakho esidlule? Lesi sithombe esivame ukusicabanga empeleni sifana kakhulu nohlobo lokwelashwa. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukwelashwa kwengqondo. Lokhu kuhilela ukukhuluma ngokujulile ngemizwa yakho, ikakhulukazi leyo ongase ungayazi. Ukukhuluma ngale ndlela kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi ezinye zezehlakalo nemizwa oyicindezele esikhathini esidlule zithinta kanjani ukuziphatha kwakho kwamanje kanye nokudabuka okuzwayo.
Ukwelashwa Nge-Psychodynamic Kuhluke Kanjani Kwezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelapha ngenkulumo ezisetshenziselwa ukucindezeleka. Ukwelashwa nge-Psychodynamic kungenye yazo. Ezinye ezimbili yi -Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) kanye ne-Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) . Ziyahlukahluka ngendlela eyinhloko yokwelashwa ngakunye.
Kalula nje, kokubili i-CBT kanye ne-IPT kuyindlela yokwelapha yesikhashana, futhi igxile ekutholeni izixazululo ezisheshayo zezinkinga zakho zamanje.
- I-CBT igxile endleleni ocabanga ngayo, ngoba indlela ocabanga ngayo ithinta ngqo imizwa nezenzo zakho. Ngakho-ke lokhu kwelashwa kuhilela ukuhlonza nokushintsha amaphethini akho okucabanga angasebenzi kahle futhi anephutha.
- I-IPT igxile ekuboneni izinkinga ebudlelwaneni bakho nabantu abanjengomndeni wakho, abangani, kanye nosebenza nabo futhi ikufundise izindlela zokuzixazulula.
Kodwa-ke, i-Psychodynamic Therapy ihlukile kancane. Isekelwe emibonweni kaFreud yokuhlaziywa kwengqondo. Le ndlela ikholelwa ukuthi ukuziphatha kwethu kuthonywa kakhulu yingqondo yethu engazi lutho kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwesikhathi esidlule . Ngakho-ke, kulokhu kwelashwa, ukhuluma ngokujulile ngemizwa yakho, imicabango, kanye nesikhathi esidlule.
Ukuze uchaze kabanzi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezintathu zokwelapha, bheka leli thebula .
| Indlela yokwelapha | Ukugxila okuyinhloko | Imvelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukwelashwa Kwengqondo | Imizwa engaphansi kwengqondo, okuhlangenwe nakho kwesikhathi esidlule kanye nendlela ezithinta ngayo isikhathi samanje (ukuthola 'impande' yenkinga). | Ingxoxo evulekile. Ivame ukuba yesikhathi eside (izinyanga eziningana noma ngaphezulu konyaka). |
| I-CBT (Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda) | Ukubona izindlela zokucabanga ezingasebenzi kahle noma ezimbi bese uzishintsha. | Kukhona uhlelo oluthile. Lwesikhathi esifushane (njengamasonto ayi-12-20). |
| Ukwelashwa Kobudlelwano Bomuntu Nomuntu (IPT) | Ukuhlonza nokuphatha izinkinga ebudlelwaneni nabanye. | Kukhona uhlelo oluthile. Lwesikhathi esifushane (njengamasonto ayi-12-16). |
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuvame ukuhlangana kanye ngesonto cishe imizuzu engama-50. Ukhuthazwa ukuba ukhulume ngokukhululeka nganoma yini efika engqondweni (ukuhlangana ngokukhululekile). Njengoba ukhuluma, amaphethini ekuziphatheni kwakho nasemizweni yakho aqala ukuvela. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uwabone la maphethini ngaphambili. Udokotela wezokwelapha uyakusiza ukuthi ubone la maphethini futhi uqonde ukuthi athinta kanjani impilo yakho.
Ingabe lokhu kwelashwa kuyasebenza ngempela?
Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, abantu abaningi babecabanga ukuthi abukho ubufakazi besayensi obanele bokusekela ukusebenza kahle kwe-Psychodynamic Therapy. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi labo ababesebenzisa le ndlela babengenasithakazelo sokwenza ucwaningo njengalabo ababesebenzisa izindlela ezifana ne-CBT. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, leso simo sishintshile, futhi kube nocwaningo oluningi ngalokhu.
Umbiko ka-2010 owanyatheliswa kuyi-American Journal of Psychology wathola ukuthi i-Psychodynamic Therapy iyasebenza njengezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelwe ebufakazini .
Futhi, okunye okubalulekile okuvela kulolo cwaningo ukuthi imiphumela emihle etholakale ku-Psychodynamic Therapy ivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside kunemiphumela etholakale kwezinye izindlela.
Lokho kusho ukuthi ukuphulukiswa kulokhu kungaba okuhlala njalo.
Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko ze-Psychodynamic Therapy?
Kunamaphuzu amaningana okufanele uwaqaphele ngokukhethekile kule ndlela yokwelapha.
1. Ukukhuluma ngokujulile ngemizwa
Lokhu kukunika ithuba lokukhuluma ngayo yonke imizwa onayo. Ungase ube nemizwa ephikisanayo (isibonelo, ukuzizwa unothando nentukuthelo ngothile). Noma ungase ube nemizwa ekhathazayo noma eyethusayo. Ungase ube nemizwa ongazange uyibone isikhathi eside. Uyakhuthazwa ukuthi ukhulume ngayo yonke le mizwa nodokotela wakho wezokwelapha.
2. Ukuhlonza Izindlela Zokuzivikela
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. 'Izindlela zokuzivikela' yizindlela esizisebenzisa ngokungazi ukuze sizivikele emicabangweni nasemizwa ebuhlungu.
Cabanga ngalokhu. Uma ukhuluma ngesigameko esibuhlungu esenzeke esikhathini esidlule, uvame ukushintsha indaba. Noma ufika sekwephuzile ezifundweni zokwelapha lapho kufanele ukhulume ngakho. Mhlawumbe awukhulumi ngokwenzekile kuwe ngesikhathi sesigameko, kodwa ngezinto zangaphandle kuphela. Lezi yizinto esizibiza ngokuthi 'izindlela zokuzivikela' . Lokhu kwelashwa kukusiza ukuthi ubone futhi ubhekane nalezi zinto.
3. Ukuhlonza Amaphethini Aphindaphindayo
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, umelaphi wakho uzoqala ukubona amaphethini emicabangweni yakho, emizweni yakho, nasekuziphatheni kwakho. Ngokuvamile, lezi yizinto ezicashile ongaziqapheli. Umelaphi wakho uzokusiza uqonde ukuthi ziyini lezi zindlela nokuthi zithinta kanjani impilo yakho.
4. Ukunaka ubudlelwano
Lokhu kwelashwa kugxile ebudlelwaneni bakho. Ikakhulukazi, ubudlelwano phakathi kwakho nodokotela wakho . Indlela oxhumana ngayo nodokotela wakho ingakunikeza umbono omuhle wokuthi uxhumana kanjani nabanye. Izinkinga zethu eziningi zengqondo zivela ekungabini kwethu nokuxhumana nabanye. Ngakho-ke lo mhlahlandlela uzokusiza ukuthi ubone futhi ubhekane nalezi.
Yini ongayilindela kulokhu kwelashwa?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwengqondo ukukunikeza ukuqonda okungcono ngawe (ukuzazi). Lokhu ukukunikeza ukuqonda okujulile ngezingxabano zakho ezingaphansi kokuqonda, imizwa yakho, kanye nezisusa zakho.
Uma uthola ukuzazi ngale ndlela, uqala ukuzizwa ukhululekile ezimpawini ezifana nokucindezeleka.
Kalula nje, lokhu akufani nokusika igatsha esihlahleni, kodwa kunalokho ukwelapha impande yesifo somuthi. Ngalokhu, uzokwazi ukwakha amandla ngaphakathi kuwe okubhekana nezinkinga zakho zengqondo. Lokhu kwelashwa kungaba usizo olukhulu ekubhekaneni nasekunqobeni izinto ebezikukhathaza isikhathi eside futhi zithinta impilo yakho, futhi uphile impilo eyanelisayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa Ngengqondo kuyindlela yokwelapha esetshenziswa ekucindezelekeni. Igxila kakhulu emizweni yakho engaphansi kokuqonda kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kwangaphambilini.
- Lokhu kuhlukile ekwelashweni kwesikhashana njenge-CBT kanye ne-IPT, okubheka ngokujulile ukuthi 'kungani' izinkinga.
- Umgomo akukhona nje ukucindezela izimpawu, kodwa ukwakha ukuphulukiswa kwesikhathi eside namandla engqondo ngokunikeza ukuqonda okungcono ngawe.
- Uma unesifo sokucindezeleka noma ucabanga ukuthi lolu hlobo lokwelashwa lungase lukufanele, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho futhi uthole isiqondiso esifanele.
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