Iyini i-Pulmonary Veins? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Sonke siyazi ukuthi inhliziyo iyinjini yomzimba wethu. Lesi sitho esincane esipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke futhi sinike impilo kuwo wonke amaseli siyamangalisa ngempela. Kodwa uke wezwa ngesistimu yemithambo yegazi ebaluleke kakhulu esiza inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze, ikakhulukazi leyo ebuyisela igazi elicebile ngo-oksijini elihlanziwe emaphashini enhliziyweni? Leso simiso semithambo yegazi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi imithambo ye-pulmonary, noma imithambo ye-pulmonary . Ukwazi ngalokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda imizimba yethu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwale mithambo yamaphaphu kanye nemithambo yamaphaphu?

Manje ungase ube nombuzo: "Uma sithi imithambo, sivame ukucabanga ngemithambo ethwala igazi elingcolile, okungukuthi, igazi elinomoya-mpilo ophansi. Imithambo ithwala igazi elimsulwa, elinomoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke yini ekhethekile ngalezi?"

Yebo, uqinisile. Yilokho okwenzekayo yonke indawo emizimbeni yethu. Imithambo yegazi iletha igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo enhliziyweni, kanti imithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisuke enhliziyweni. Kodwa ekujikelezeni kwegazi kwamaphaphu, lapho igazi lishintshaniswa khona phakathi kwamaphaphu nenhliziyo, indaba iphambene ngokuphelele. Nansi into emangalisayo ngemizimba yethu!

Kalula nje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zomehluko:

1. Uhlobo lwegazi oluthwalwa:

• Imithambo Yemithambo Yephaphu: Le ithwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo (elibi) lisuka enhliziyweni liye emaphashini.
• Imithambo Yemiphunga: Le ithwala igazi elihlanzekile (elinomoya-mpilo) lisuka emaphashini liye enhliziyweni.

2. Indlela yokugeleza kwegazi:

• Imithambo Yemiphunga: Ithwala igazi lisuke enhliziyweni (liye emaphashini).
• Imithambo Yemiphunga: Ithwala igazi lisuka emaphashini liye enhliziyweni.

Ake sibheke leli thebula ukuze sichaze lokhu kabanzi.

Uyini umsebenzi wemithambo yamaphaphu futhi ikuphi?

Cabanga ngakho njengenkonzo yokuthumela izincwadi. Amaphaphu afana 'nesikhungo sokuhlanza igazi' emzimbeni wethu. Uma siphefumula, umoya-mpilo esiwuphefumulayo uyangezwa egazini, bese i-carbon dioxide egazini isuswa egazini ngamaphaphu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale mithambo yamaphaphu ukubuyisela leli 'phasela eliyigugu' legazi elihlanziwe, elisanda kufakwa umoya-mpilo 'esikhungweni esikhulu sokusabalalisa' esibizwa ngokuthi inhliziyo.

Lezi zitholakala phakathi kwamaphaphu ethu nenhliziyo yethu . Imithambo yegazi emincane emaphashini ethu angakwesokudla nakwesobunxele iyahlangana bese iphuma emaphashini ngayinye njengemithambo emibili yamaphaphu. Bese yonke le mithambo emine ihlangana bese ixhuma e-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo. Okungukuthi, igumbi eliseceleni kwesobunxele senhliziyo.

Mingaki imithambo yamaphaphu esinayo?

Ngokuvamile, iningi lethu (cishe ama-60%-70%) linalezi mithambo emine yamaphaphu.

• Ezimbili ezivela ephashini lesokudla.
• Ezimbili ezivela ephashini lesobunxele.

Kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nezifo ezintathu noma ezinhlanu. Lesi akusona isifo sanoma yiluphi uhlobo, futhi akuyona into okufanele yesatshwe. Kumane kuyinguquko encane endleleni umzimba wethu owenziwe ngayo. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "ukuguquguquka kokwakheka komzimba". Lolu shintsho alubangeli monakalo ekusebenzeni komzimba.

Ukwakheka kwemithambo yamaphaphu

Nazi imithambo emine evamile yamaphaphu:

• Umthambo wamaphaphu ophakeme kwesokudla: Uletha igazi elivela ezingxenyeni eziphezulu neziphakathi zamaphaphu angakwesokudla.
• Umthambo wamaphaphu ophansi kwesokudla: Uletha igazi elivela engxenyeni engezansi yamaphaphu kwesokudla.
• Umthambo wamaphaphu ophakeme kwesobunxele: Uletha igazi elivela engxenyeni engenhla yamaphaphu kwesobunxele.
• Umthambo wamaphaphu ongaphansana kwesobunxele: Uletha igazi engxenyeni engezansi yamaphaphu kwesobunxele.

Le mithambo emine ivuleka ngokwehlukana iye ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele yenhliziyo. Igazi elinomoya-mpilo lingena ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele ngalezi zimbobo ezine. Igazi libe seliya ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele, lapho liphampulwa khona liye emzimbeni wonke nge-aorta.

Ukwehluka kwemithambo ye-pulmonary

Abanye abantu bangase babe nezinguquko ezincane ekwakhiweni kwemithambo yabo yamaphaphu. Ezinye zalezi zinguquko azinangozi futhi zinempilo. Kodwa ezinye zingaba yizimo ezimbi kakhulu ezithinta ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Izinguquko ezingenabungozi

Lokhu akuzibangeli izinkinga emzimbeni, ngoba ekugcineni igazi elinomoya-mpilo liya ngqo e-atrium yangakwesobunxele.

• Isiqu esivamile sohlangothi lwesobunxele: Yilapho imithambo emibili evela ephashini lesobunxele ihlangana khona bese ijoyina i-atrium yesobunxele njengepayipi elilodwa. Kufana nemigwaqo emibili ehlangana ndawonye ukuze yakhe eyodwa.
• Umthambo wamaphaphu wesokudla ohambisana nesengezo: Kulesi simo, kungase kube nomunye umthambo ngaphezu kwemithambo emibili evamile ohlangothini lwesokudla, okusho ukuthi kungase kube nemithambo emithathu iyonke.

Izinguquko ezinkulu ezithinta ukusebenza kwenhliziyo

Lokhu kuvame ukuba yiziphambeko zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo. Zibangelwa ukuvaleka noma ukuguqulwa kwendlela igazi elinomoya-mpilo elihamba ngayo liye e-atrium yangakwesobunxele.

• Ukubuya Kwemithambo Yemithambo Yesifuba Okuphelele (i-TAPVR): Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Kulesi simo , akukho neyodwa yemithambo yesifuba exhumanisa ne-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo. Esikhundleni salokho, yonke le mithambo ixhumanisa ne-atrium yesokudla yenhliziyo. Lokhu kubangela igazi elinomoya-mpilo ocebile lihlangane negazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo. Izingane ezinalesi simo kumele zihlinzwe ukuze zisinde.

• Ukubuya Kwemithambo Yemithambo Yesifuba Okungajwayelekile (i-PAPVR): Kulesi simo, okungenani umthambo owodwa wamaphaphu uxhunywe ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele, okuvumela igazi elithile elihlanzekile ukuthi ligeleze liye emzimbeni. Nakuba lokhu kungekubi njenge-TAPVR, laba bantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi simo singase singatholakali kuze kube yilapho umuntu esemdala.

Ezinye izimo ezithinta imithambo yamaphaphu

Ngaphezu kokukhubazeka kokuzalwa, kunezinye izimo eziningana zezokwelapha ezithinta imithambo yamaphaphu.

• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yamaphaphu:Umthambo ungavaleka ngenxa yesimo somdlavuza emaphashini noma enhliziyweni.
• I-pulmonary vein stenosis: Ukuncishiswa kwemithambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Kwabantu abadala, lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singaba umphumela we-catheter radiofrequency ablation, ukwelashwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
• I-pulmonary vein thrombosis: I-blood clot eyakheka emthanjeni. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma abaye bafakelwa amaphaphu.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wemithambo yegazi emaphashini: Ukwanda kwengcindezi kule mithambo yegazi ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kohlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-atrial fibrillation kanye nemithambo yamaphaphu

Le mithambo yamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi lapho ixhumeka khona ne-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo, iyindawo enkulu yokuqala kwe-atrial fibrillation , noma i-A-Fib, isimo lapho inhliziyo ishaya khona ngokungajwayelekile. Yingakho odokotela besebenzisa ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwale mithambo yamaphaphu lapho belapha i-A-Fib.

Uhlola kanjani isimo sabo sempilo?

Uma udokotela wakho esola inkinga ngemithambo yakho yamaphaphu, angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuningana, okufana nalokhu:

• I-X-ray yesifuba
• I-Echocardiography (ukuskena kwenhliziyo)
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI
• Ukuskena kwe-CT

Uyigcina kanjani imithambo yakho yamaphaphu iphilile?

Uma udokotela wakho ekutholile ukuthi unesifo semithambo yamaphaphu, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yakhe. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinkinga zibangelwa ezinye izimo zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwelapha lesi simo esiyisisekelo ngendlela efanele nokuhlala uqashwe njalo ngudokotela.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngezinto ezikukhathazayo nezimpawu zakho. Mbuze ngezindlela ongaphatha ngazo isimo sakho ekhaya.

Imithambo yamaphaphu iyingxenye yomzimba ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa ethule ekugcineni izimpilo zethu. Ukuzazi kuwusizo olukhulu ekunakekeleni impilo yethu iyonke.