Uma unesifo sikashukela, cishe ujwayelene negama elithi 'Insulin'. Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukunike umjovo we-insulin okufanele uwuthathe cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Regular Insulin' noma 'i-Short-Acting Insulin'. Lona umuthi obaluleke kakhulu wokulawula isifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini i-insulin ejwayelekile?
I-insulin iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Kubalulekile ukuguqula ushukela (i-glucose) ekudleni esikudlayo ube amandla. Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, umzimba ukhiqiza i-insulin encane noma awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin oyikhiqizayo ngendlela efanele.
Ngakho-ke, i-Regular Insulin uhlobo lwe-insulin yokwenziwa, okungukuthi, eyenziwe elabhorethri. Uma lokhu kunikezwa emzimbeni njengomjovo, kugcwalisa isidingo esincishisiwe se-insulin emzimbeni wethu.
Nansi indlela esebenza ngayo:
- Yehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.
- Ushukela (i-glucose) egazini uthunyelwa emangqamuzaneni omzimba ukuze usetshenziswe njengamandla, njengoba nje isihluthulelo sivula umnyango.
- Kuvimba isibindi ekukhiqizeni ushukela ngokungadingekile.
Ngokuvamile iqala ukusebenza zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 ngemva kokujova. Ifinyelela umphumela wayo ophakeme ngemva kwamahora ama-2-3, futhi isiza ukulawula ushukela egazini amahora ama-3 kuya kwayi-6.
Ubani odinga lo mjovo we-insulin?
Lo mjovo unqunyelwe kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 (`Uhlobo 1 Lwesifo Sikashukela`) kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (`Uhlobo 2 Lwesifo Sikashukela`). Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-insulin olukulungele, ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, indlela yokuphila, kanye nendlela amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ashintsha ngayo usuku lonke.
Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukusebenzisa i-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside elawula amazinga kashukela egazini amahora angama-24 ngosuku, kanye ne-insulin ejwayelekile.
Iyiphi indlela efanele yokufaka i-insulin?
Imijovo ye-insulin inikezwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa inalithi nesipendi noma ipeni ekhethekile (ipeni ye-insulin). Udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi wekliniki yesifo sikashukela uzokukhombisa ngqo ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu.
Izindawo ezifanele zokugonywa:
- Isisu (indawo ezungeze inkaba)
- Indawo yesinqe
- Ingalo engenhla
- Uhlangothi olungaphezulu, olungaphandle lwethanga
Kubaluleke kakhulu:Ungajovi endaweni efanayo nsuku zonke. Shintsha indawo yokujova nsuku zonke. Uma uqhubeka nokujova endaweni efanayo, ungase ube namaqhubu namaqhubu (lipohypertrophy) kulezo zindawo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-insulin ngeke imuncwe kahle ngumzimba.
Ziyini izingozi nemiphumela emibi yalokhu?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-insulin ingaba nezingozi ezithile kanye nemiphumela emibi, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Ingozi/umphumela ongemuhle | Izimpawu nokuthi yini okufanele uyazi |
|---|---|
| Ushukela ophezulu egazini (i-Hyperglycemia) | Isiyezi, umlomo nesikhumba esomile, isicanucanu, ukuchama njalo. Lezi izimpawu zokulahlekelwa ukulawula isifo sikashukela. |
| Ushukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) | Isiyezi, ukudideka, ukujuluka, ukubona okufiphele, kanye nendlala enkulu. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi udla kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30 ujove i-insulin. |
| I-potassium ephansi egazini (i-Hypokalemia) | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuzizwa ukhathele, imisipha inyakaza. |
| Ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy (i-Anaphylaxis) | Lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu. Uma ubhekene nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqunjelwa, noma ukuvuvukala kolimi/umphimbo/ubuso, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. |
| Eminye imiphumela emibi | Ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ukukhuluphala, ubuhlungu bemisipha endaweni yokujova. |
| Uma kuvela izimpawu ezibucayi ezingenhla (ushukela ophansi/ophezulu egazini, ukungezwani komzimba), funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. | |
Kwenzekani uma uthatha i-insulin eningi kakhulu (umthamo oweqile)?
Yebo, ukuthatha i-insulin eningi kakhulu kuyingozi kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izinga likashukela egazini lakho lingase lehle kakhulu (`i-Severe Hypoglycemia`). Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezisongela ukuphila njengokuquleka kanye ne-coma. Uma usola ukuthi uthathe kakhulu, shayela u-911 ngokushesha bese ushayela i-ambulensi noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele uma usebenzisa neminye imithi
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Eminye imithi oyithathayo ingathinta indlela esebenza ngayo i-insulin. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa amavithamini, imithi yamakhambi, imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu (ama-NSAID), imithi yomfutho wegazi (ama-beta-blockers), imithi ye-cholesterol (ama-statin), amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, kanye neminye imithi yesifo sikashukela .
Futhi, uma uphuza utshwala, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho, ngoba kungaba nemiphumela engalindelekile emazingeni akho kashukela egazini.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-insulin ejwayelekile iwuhlobo lwe-insulin olusebenza ngokushesha oluthathwa cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla.
- Shintsha njalo indawo yokujova. Ungaqhubeki nokujova endaweni efanayo.
- Qaphela izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) kanye noshukela ophezulu egazini (i-Hyperglycemia). Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi, amavithamini, kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo (ukungezwani komzimba, ukukhulelwa).
- Ungashintsha, uyeke, noma weqe ukudla ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho ukuze uphathe isifo sakho sikashukela.
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