Ingabe unenkinga efanayo namehlo akho? Ake sifunde ngesimo se-Retinoschisis!

Wake wezwa ukuthi i-retina engaphakathi kweso lakho, ingxenye efana nesikrini yeso lakho eyakha izithombe esizibonayo, ihlukana ngokuzumayo ibe yizingqimba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu? Leso yisimo esingavamile kodwa esibalulekile okufanele sazi ngaso. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi `(Retinoschisis)`. Ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.

Kuyini i-Retinoschisis? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, `(Retinoschisis)` yilapho i-retina engaphakathi kweso lakho ihlukana ibe yizingqimba. Ukuze kube sobala, ihlukana ibe yizingqimba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Ubuwazi, i-retina yethu iyi-membrane eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Inezingqimba ezizwela ukukhanya, kanye nengqimba yamaseli athwala izimpawu ebuchosheni nge-'optic nerve'. Ngakho-ke, lapho lezi zingqimba zihlukana kanje, kungathinta umbono wakho. Cabanga ngakho njengamakhasi encwadi awahlanganiswanga ndawonye futhi ahlukene. Lokhu kuhlukana kungenzeka phakathi kwe-retina, kodwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka emaphethelweni, okungukuthi, 'emngceleni'.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-retinoschisis?

Lesi simo, "i-Retinoschisis", asivamile. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Esinye sitholakala , kanti esinye sizalwa naso .

I-Retinoschisis eqala kamuva (i-Retinoschisis etholakale)

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-retinoschisis ewohlokayo '. Lokho kusho ukuthi kuyinto eyenzeka ngokuguga, into ehlobene nokuguguleka okuncane. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kubonakala cishe eminyakeni engu-50, 60, noma 70. Yingakho abanye abantu beyibiza ngokuthi 'i-senile retinoschisis '. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi abantu abasebasha nabo bangaba nalesi simo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-retinoschisis ewohlokayo. Olunye uhlobo olujwayelekile , kanti olunye uhlobo lwe-bullous noma lwe-reticular . Ohlotsheni lwe-bullous, kwakheka amabhamuza amancane anamanzi ku-retina. Kunzima kancane ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lwe-bullous lunamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-retina kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-retina.

Kukhona olunye uhlobo lwe -myopic macular schisis . Lubizwa nangokuthi i-myopic traction maculopathy noma i-myopic foveoschisis . Luvela engxenyeni ephakathi ye-retina, ebizwa ngokuthi i-macula , futhi ikakhulukazi enkabeni ye-macula, ebizwa ngokuthi i-fovea . Luvame ukubonakala kubantu abane-myopia enzima noma ukungaboni kahle.

I-Congenital Retinoschisis

Uyazi, uma sithi into esizalwa nayo, isho into ekhona emizimbeni yethu lapho sizalwa. Lolu hlobo lwe-`(Retinoschisis)` lubizwa ngokuthi i-`juvenile X-linked retinoschisis`.Kuyisimo esiqala esemncane, noma ebuntwaneni, futhi sixhunyaniswa ne-chromosome X. Sivame ukuthinta womabili amehlo.

Lesi simo, i-'juvenile X-linked retinoschisis', sithinta kakhulu abafana. Onina baphethe isakhi sofuzo saso, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, omama ababi naso lesi simo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Retinal Detachment kanye ne-Retinoschisis?

Nakuba lezi zibili zizwakala zifana, kunomehluko omncane. Cabanga ngakho, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal kwenzeka lapho i-retina ihlukana ngokuphelele nezicubu ezisekelayo bese iphuma. Kufana nephosta ephuma odongeni.

I-Retinoschisis akuyona i-retinal detachment, kodwa ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal ibe yizingqimba. Lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukusithola, ngisho nakudokotela wamehlo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi siyini ngempela.

Ngezinye izikhathi zombili lezi zimo, okungukuthi `(Ukususwa kwe-retinal)` kanye `(i-Retinoschisis)`, zingenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma unohlobo `(lokuzalwa)` lwe-`(i-Retinoschisis)` olukhona lapho uzalwa.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Retinoschisis?

Abacwaningi bathi isimo sokuzalwa 'se-juvenile X-linked retinoschisis' senzeka cishe koyedwa kubantu abangu-5,000 noma koyedwa kubantu abangu-25,000. Lelo yiphesenti eliphansi kakhulu.

I-retinoschisis ewohlokayo, isimo esenzeka ngokuguga, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ithinta cishe abantu abangu-4% abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40. Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ingase ithinte abantu abaphakathi kuka-1% no-4% abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Retinoschisis? Ingabe nawe unazo lezi?

Into emangalisayo ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ungaba nalesi simo ngaphandle kwezimpawu . Kodwa uma unazo izimpawu, ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

Uma une-'juvenile X-linked retinoschisis' yokuzalwa, ungase ubone izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Amehlo abonakala sengathi abheke ekhaleni (njengamehlo axubene).
• Amehlo awahlali endaweni eyodwa futhi ahamba phambili naphambili (nystagmus).
• Kuye ngokuthi i-retinal tear ikuphi, kungase kube nokulahlekelwa umbono ophakathi noma we-foveal noma umbono ongaphandle.
• Izinkinga ngokubona kude (ngokuvamile ukubona kude).

Uma usuthole i-retinoschisis, ungase ubhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukungakwazi ukubona kahle kuzo zombili izinhlangothi (ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle).
• Ngezinye izikhathi, azikho izimpawu ezingavela.

Kodwa-ke, uma i-retinoschisis yakho iba nzima, noma uma ihambisana nokuqhekeka kwe-retinal, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukubona izinto ezincane ezimnyama zintanta phambi kwamehlo (`ama-floaters`) nokuzwa ukukhanya okungazelelwe (`ama-flashers`).
• Ukubona izinto zinwetshiwe futhi zisontekile ('izithombe ezisontekile').
• Kuye ngokuthi i-retinal tear ikuphi, kungase kube nokulahlekelwa umbono ophakathi noma ongaphandle.

Okubalulekile: Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bonana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha. Ngoba ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ezinkingeni zokubona.

Kungani i-Retinoschisis yenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

I-retinoschisis yokuzalwa ivame ukubangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo . Sishilo ngaphambilini ukuthi ixhunywe ku-X, okusho ukuthi ixhunywe nezakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe kumama.

Kodwa-ke, ososayensi abakayitholi imbangela eqondile yalesi simo esithi "i-retinoschisis etholakale." Kodwa-ke, kutholakale ukuthi ingozi yokuyithola iyanda ngokuguga, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engu-40.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo se-retinoschisis? (Ukuxilongwa)

Lesi simo sivame ukuhlonzwa uchwepheshe wamehlo (udokotela wamehlo) . Ngemva kokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele (ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele), kungenziwa izivivinyo ezilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-Ophthalmoscopy noma i-fundoscopy: Kulokhu, udokotela usebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile (i-ophthalmoscope) ukuhlola ingaphakathi lamehlo akho, ikakhulukazi i-retina.
• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola olungasebenzisi ugesi olusebenzisa ukukhanya ukudala izithombe ezicacile zangaphakathi nangemuva kweso lakho. Lungabona ngokucacile izendlalelo ze-retina.
• I-B-scan ultrasonography: Lokhu futhi kuyindlela yokuhlola i-ultrasound engangenisi umswakama esebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zengaphakathi leso.
• I-Electroretinography (ERG): Lokhu kuhlola kulinganisa indlela amehlo akho asabela ngayo ekukhanyeni okungazelelwe. Lokhu kusiza ekulinganiseni ukusebenza kwe-retina.
• I-Angiography: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuthatha izithombe zemithambo yegazi e-retina yakho. Kusebenzisa amadayi akhethekile njenge-fluorescein noma i-indocyanine green.
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo: Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi unesifo sokuzalwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-juvenile X-linked retinoschisis, angase asikisele lokhu kuhlolwa.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Retinoschisis? Ingabe ingelapheka?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, isimo `(Retinoschisis)`Akunakwelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kungalawulwa. Odokotela bangase batuse izibuko noma ezinye izinsiza zokubona okuphansi ukuze kusize ukubona kwakho.

• Uma usuthole i-retinoschisis , ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angase akubheke lokhu njengesimo esingesihle esingadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unamaphutha okusabela kokubona, njengokubona eduze noma ukubona kude, ungase udinge izibuko.
• Uma une -'juvenile X-linked retinoschisis' yokuzalwa , kuzodingeka futhi usebenzise izibuko ngezinkinga zokubona.

Ngezinye izikhathi, imithambo yegazi e-retina ingaqhuma futhi ibangele ukopha ngaphakathi kweso. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-cryoablation noma ukwelashwa nge-laser ukuze kumiswe ukopha.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma une-retinal detachment, uzodinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuxhunywe kabusha i-retinal.

Abacwaningi basazama ukuthola izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha i-retinoschisis ehlobene ne-X esemncane, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa ngezakhi zofuzo , ukwelashwa ngamaseli e-stem , kanye nomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-dorzolamide .

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela i-retinoschisis?

Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-"Retinoschisis" .

Ayikho imbangela eyaziwayo ye-acquired retinoschisis, ngakho-ke ayikho indlela yokuyivimbela. Kodwa-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho enomlando we-X-linked retinoschisis esemncane, kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho mayelana nokukhuluma nomeluleki wezakhi zofuzo.

Yini ongayilindela uma une-retinoschisis?

Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, ayikho ikhambi lalesi simo. Ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamehlo, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube yilapho umuntu engaboni nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bangadingi ukwelashwa nhlobo. Kuya ngokuthi isimo sakho sibucayi kangakanani kanye nohlobo luni.

Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani uma ngine-retinoschisis?

Uma une-`(Retinoschisis)`, kunezinto eziningana ezibalulekile ongazenza:

• Hlola amehlo njalo. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Hlola amehlo akho ngezikhathi ezithile, njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho.
• Sebenzisa izinsiza zokubona okuphansi.Futhi, funda ngobuchwepheshe bokuzivumelanisa nezimo obungakusiza ukuthi wenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke kalula. Lokhu kubalulekile kuwe nakumntwana wakho uma enalesi simo.
• Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungashalazeli ngisho nezinguquko ezincane.

Ukulahlekelwa ngisho nokubona okuncane kungaba yinto eyesabekayo. Kodwa khumbula, akudingeki ukuthi ubhekane nakho wedwa. Hlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo. Buza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngamaqembu okusekela kanye nezinye izinsiza. Sebenzisa izinsizakalo abazinikezayo. Bangakunikeza imfundo, babelane ngolwazi nabanye, kanye nosizo lobuchwepheshe.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, kusukela kulokho esikhulume ngakho, lezi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-Retinoschisis yisimo lapho i-retina ihlukana khona ibe yizingqimba, okungathinta umbono.
• Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu: okuhlobene nobudala kanye nokuzalwa.
• Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu , kodwa abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nokuncipha kokubona kanye nokuqhaqhazela kwamehlo.
• Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliphelele lalokhu, kungalawulwa. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kanye nokuhlolwa kubalulekile.
• Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enalesi simo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wamehlo njalo bese ulandela iseluleko sakhe .
• Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungavimbela isimo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu.
• Awuwedwa, kunezindawo nezindlela zokuthola usizo.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Nakekela amehlo akho!

I- Retinoschisis, ukuhlukana kwe-retinal, izifo zamehlo, ukulahlekelwa umbono, impilo yamehlo, izifo zofuzo, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo