Ingabe izimila ezinjengalezi zingakhula emithanjeni yakho? Ake sifunde nge-'Schwannoma'!

Wake wezwa igama elithi 'Schwannoma'? Leli kungaba igama elisha kuwe. Empeleni uhlobo lwesimila esakheka ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa. Ungakhathazeki, asihlali siyingozi. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini 'iSchwannoma'?

Kalula nje, le 'Schwannoma' iyisimila esikhula 'kumaseli eSchwann' emzimbeni wethu. Manje cishe uyazibuza ukuthi ayini lawa 'maseli eSchwann', akunjalo? Lawa amaseli 'esimiso sethu sezinzwa esiseduze' , okungukuthi, uhlobo lweseli olwakha igobolondo elizungeze imicu yezinzwa esukela ebuchosheni nasentanjeni yomgogodla. Kufana nepulasitiki emboze ucingo lukagesi. Lawa maseli avikela izinzwa zethu futhi asiza imiyalezo yezinzwa ukuthi ihambe ngokushesha. Ngakho lawa 'maseli eSchwann' yiwo akhulisa lawa mathumba abizwa ngokuthi 'amaSchwannomas'.

Esikhathini esiningi, cishe u-90% wesikhathi, lawa ma-'Schwannoma' awabonakali . Lokho kusho ukuthi awasabalali emzimbeni wonke, ahlala endaweni eyodwa. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, angaba yingozi . Uma lokho kwenzeka, udinga ukuqaphela kakhudlwana. Lawa mathumba avame ukukhula kancane kakhulu .

Lezi zimila zingakhula noma kuphi emzimbeni, noma kuphi lapho kunezinzwa khona. Isibonelo, zivame kakhulu ezinzwa ezisuka ebuchosheni bethu ziye ezindlebeni zethu. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-vestibular schwannoma' noma 'i-acoustic neuroma' . Ama-schwannoma amabi avame ukuthinta 'i-sciatic nerve' emlenzeni, 'i-brachial plexus' engalweni, kanye 'ne-sacral plexus' emhlane ongezansi.

Ama-Schwannoma ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurilemmoma noma ama-neuroma. Uma enomdlavuza, angabizwa ngokuthi ama-soft tissue sarcomas .

Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, cishe u-90% wesikhathi, le 'Schwannoma' ikhona njengesimila esisodwa kuphela.

Iyini i-'Vestibular Schwannoma'?

Sesikhulume kancane nge-vestibular schwannoma ngaphambili. Lolu uhlobo lwe-schwannoma oluqala emithanjeni engaphakathi kwendlebe ebangela ukuzwa kwethu nokulinganisela. Lokhu futhi ngokuvamile akulona umdlavuza, futhi kukhula kancane.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba lesi simila sikhula, siqala ukucindezela imizwa ehlobene nokuzwa nokulinganisela. Yilapho-ke:

• Ukuzwa endlebeni ethintekile kuqala ukwehla kancane kancane .
• I-Tinnitus iwukukhala (ukukhala...njengomsindo) ezindlebeni.
• Ngezinye izikhathiKuzwakala sengathi unesizungu.

Ingabe i-'schwannoma' isimila ebuchosheni?

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi ngabe le 'schwannoma' ihlala iyisimila sobuchopho. Empeleni, akunjalo. Ingakhula ngaphakathi kobuchopho noma ekhanda, kodwa ingakhula futhi emthanjeni noma kuphi emzimbeni. Ngoba, njengoba sishilo, lawa akhiwa 'ngamaseli eSchwann', futhi lawo maseli asesimisweni sethu sezinzwa esingaphandle, okungukuthi, ezinzwa ezigijima zisuka ebuchosheni ziye emzimbeni wonke.

Kodwa-ke, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu esikhulume ngalo, olubizwa ngokuthi 'iVestibular Schwannoma', lubhekwa njengesimila sobuchopho .

Ubani othola iSchwannoma?

Lawa ma-'Schwannoma' avame ukukhula kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-60. Akuvamile kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.

Ama-Schwannoma avame ukukhula ngokungahleliwe kubantu abaphilile. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ama-schwannoma angakhula ngenxa yezimo zofuzo ezifana ne -neurofibromatosis uhlobo 2 (NF2) , i-schwannomatosis , noma i-Carney complex . Abantu abanalezi zimo zofuzo banamathuba amaningi okuba ne-schwannoma engaphezu kweyodwa.

Ivame kangakanani iSchwannoma?

I-Schwannoma iyisimila esingavamile kakhulu . Cabanga nje, ngisho nasezweni elifana neMelika, abantu abangaphansi kwamakhulu amabili ezinkulungwane bathinteka yilesi sifo minyaka yonke. Ama-Schwannoma angama-60% kuphela angewona umdlavuza (angewona amabi) angama-'vestibular Schwannoma' esikhulume ngawo ekuqaleni.

Ziyini izimpawu zeSchwannoma?

Ngenxa yokuthi la ma-Schwannoma akhula kancane kakhulu , angase angakhombisi zimpawu iminyaka eminingi. Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi la mathumba angakhula ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba, izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu . Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu eziningana, futhi zingase zibe zincane kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile:

• Isigaxa noma isimila esibonakalayo . Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kubuhlungu kancane uma kuthintwa noma kucindezelwa.
• Ukuzizwa ungenamizwa .
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha .
• Kuzwakala sengathi izintuthwane ziyakhasa noma izikhonkwane nezinaliti (odokotela babiza lokhu nangokuthi 'i-paresthesia').
• Ubuhlungu obubukhali obuzwakala njengobuhlungu obushisayo, obuhlabayo, noma obuhlabayo .

Okubalulekile: Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa nezinye izimo, ngakho-ke uma unesifo esifana nalesi, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimila sitholakala kuphi

• I-Vestibular SchwannomaNjengoba sishilo ngaphambili, labo abanayo bangaba nezinkinga zokuzwa nokulinganisela , futhi bangase babhekane nokukhala ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus).
• Uma la mathumba akheka emthanjeni wakho wobuso , angathinta ikhono lakho lokugwinya, ukuhambisa amehlo akho, nokunambitha . Ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho nekhono lokusebenzisa uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso bakho (ukukhubazeka kobuso) .
• Uma kuvela i-schwannoma emsipheni we-sciatic emlenzeni, ingabangela ubuhlungu emhlane kanye nobuhlungu obuvela emlenzeni, njengediski ye-herniated .

Yini ebangela iSchwannoma?

Eqinisweni, isikhathi esiningi, imbangela eqondile yeSchwannoma ayaziwa . Amaphesenti angama-90 kuphela amacala ayenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, amaSchwannoma angakhula ngenxa yezimo zofuzo ezifana neCarney complex, i-Neurofibromatosis uhlobo 2 (NF2), kanye neSchwannomatosis. Izifundo zofuzo zikhombisile ukuthi i-gene ye-NF2 ku-chromosome yethu 22 iyisici esiyinhloko esibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwamaSchwannoma.

Itholakala kanjani iSchwannoma?

Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimila zikhula kancane, zingaba khona iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu. Ngakho -ke kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola ukuxilongwa . Uma unezimpawu, udokotela wakho cishe uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuthile. Ngezinye izikhathi, kutholakala isimila ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okungasiza ekutholeni i-schwannoma yile:

• Iskena se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Lokhu kuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu. Kusebenzisa i-magnet enkulu, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ukwenza izithombe ezicacile zezitho nezakhiwo ngaphakathi komzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa okungcono kakhulu kokuthola nokuxilonga i-Schwannoma.
• Ukuskena kwe-CT (Computed Tomography) : Lokhu kusebenzisa ama-X-ray kanye nekhompyutha ukuthatha izithombe zezakhiwo ezingaphakathi komzimba.
• Ukuskena nge-Ultrasound : Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu ukuthatha izithombe noma amavidiyo abukhoma ezitho zomzimba noma izicubu ezithambile emzimbeni. Odokotela basebenzisa lokhu ukuthola ama-schwannoma ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze i-biopsy ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngempela i-schwannoma noma umdlavuza. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yesigaxa usebenzisa inaliti. Udokotela wezifo, okungukuthi, udokotela ochwepheshe ohlola amasampula ezicubu ezinjengalezi, abheke amaseli akulesi sampula ngaphansi kwe-microscope, bese enza ezinye izivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lwesimila lolu.

Iphathwa kanjani iSchwannomas?

Ukwelashwa kwe-schwannoma kuncike ezicini ezifana nokuthi isimila sitholakala kuphi, ukuthi sikhula ngokushesha kangakanani, kanye nezimpawu ozizwayo .

Kunezinketho eziningana zokwelapha:

• Ukuqaphela/ukuqapha bese ulinda : Uma isimila singesona umdlavuza (esingesihle), sikhula kancane kakhulu, futhi ungenazo izimpawu noma sincane kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuqaphelisisa esikhundleni sokwelashwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bazokuhlola njalo ukuze babone ukuthi isimila siyakhula noma uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha. Kodwa-ke, uma siba sikhulu noma uma uba nezimpawu kamuva, bangase bakuncome ukwelashwa.
• Ukuhlinzwa : Uma isimila sikhula ngokushesha kakhulu, uma sikukhathaza ngezimpawu, noma uma sibangela ezinye izinkinga, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe . Ngokuvamile, sonke isimila siyasuswa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kuye ngokuthi sitholakala kuphi isimila, udokotela ohlinzayo angase akwazi ukususa ingxenye kuphela yesimila. Ama-Schwannoma akheka esikhaleni esizungeze inzwa, ngakho-ke ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngaphandle kokulimaza inzwa . Kodwa-ke, kunengozi enkulu yokulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwama-schwannoma e-vestibular.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe : Lokhu kusebenzisa amasu akhethekile, njengokuhlinzwa kwemisebe okubangelwa yi-stereotactic (SRS) , ukubhubhisa isimila ngokuthumela imisebe yemisebe egxile ngqo. Uma isimila siseduze kwemithambo yegazi ebalulekile noma imizwa , udokotela wakho angancoma lolu hlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe ukuze agweme izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngokuhlinzwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu , imithi yokwelapha nge-immunotherapy kanye ne-chemotherapy nayo isetshenziswa kwi-malignant schwannoma.

Ingabe i-Schwannoma ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuvimbela lawa 'ma-schwannoma'. Esikhathini esiningi, akhula ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo. Cishe u-10% wamacala ahlotshaniswa nezimo ezithile zofuzo, okwenza abantu babe namathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lawa mathumba.

Uma othile emndenini wakho etholakale enesifo se-neurofibromatosis uhlobo 2 (NF2), i-schwannomatosis, noma i-Carney complex, khuluma nodokotela wakho . Angase akuncome ukwelulekwa ngofuzo ukuze abone ukuthi nawe unalesi simo.

Iyini inhloso yesifo iSchwannoma?

Lesi yisifo seSchwannoma.Isibikezelo, okungukuthi, ukuthi lesi sifo sizokuthinta kanjani isikhathi eside, sincike ezintweni eziningana:

• Lapho isimila sikhona emzimbeni.
• Ukuthi isimila sikhulu kangakanani .
• Uma kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa, kususwe ingakanani ithumba .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimila sinomdlavuza (siyingozi) noma asibi (singebi) .

Ngokuvamile, umbono we-schwannoma muhle . Ezimweni eziningi, uma isimila sisusiwe ngokuphelele, ngeke siphinde sikhule .

Iningi lezinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa yalesi 'Schwannoma' zenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila . Lokhu okulandelayo kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangele izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa:

• Uma isimila sikhulu kakhulu .
• Uma isimila sijule emzimbeni.
• Uma isimila siqale emthanjeni we-ulnar, omunye wemizwa emithathu eyinhloko esandleni sakho.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela mayelana neSchwannoma?

Uma utholakale une-schwannoma, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko sendlela yokuphatha i-schwannoma yakho , kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho ezikhona ziba zimbi kakhulu .

Uma udokotela wakho ekutusile ukuthi ubheke isimila ngaphandle kokwelashwa, kufanele umvakashele okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze ayohlolwa . Angenza izivivinyo zesithombe (njenge-MRI) ukuze aqaphe ukukhula nesimo sesimila.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uthola ukuthi unesimila. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-schwannoma uhlobo lwesimila esivame ukungabi nomdlavuza futhi sikhula kancane . Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi unqume uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe. Kungaba ukubheka nje isimila, ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa, noma okunye. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani . Udokotela wakho uhlala ekhona ukuzokusiza.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, manje usunomqondo omuhle ngalokho ebesikhuluma ngakho, Schwannoma. Nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-schwannoma isimila esivela kumaseli e-Schwann azungeze imizwa. Esikhathini esiningi, lezi azinawo umdlavuza .
• Lezi zikhula kancane kakhulu , ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha iminyaka ukukhombisa izimpawu.
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi isimila sitholakala kuphi emzimbeni . Isibonelo, kungase kube nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukukhala ezindlebeni, ukungazweli, ubuhlungu, kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha.
• Vumela lokhu kukhule.Imbangela eqondile ayivami ukungaziwa, kodwa ingase ihlotshaniswe nezimo ezithile zofuzo .
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI kuyindlela eyinhloko nengcono kakhulu yokubona lokhu.
• Ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi ukubonwa kwesimila, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa, noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe . Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni kanye nendawo yesimila.
• Ungakhathazeki , i-Schwannoma ivame ukuba yisifo esiphathwa kahle nesingelapheka. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

I- Schwannoma, ama-neuromas, amaseli e-Schwann, i-vestibular schwannoma, isimiso sezinzwa, izimila ezingezona umdlavuza, i-MRI scan