Kuyesabeka kancane uma uzibuka esibukweni noma uma othile ekutshela ukuthi amhlophe emehlweni akho aphuzi, akunjalo? Eqinisweni, lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuqala lokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi esibindini. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalokhu kuphuzi kwamehlo, okubizwa ngokuthi `(Scleral Icterus)` ngokwezokwelapha, ngamagama alula.
Iyini ngempela i-Scleral Icterus?
Kalula nje, i-'Scleral Icterus' yilapho ingxenye emhlophe yamehlo ethu, okungukuthi, ingxenye esiyibiza ngokuthi i-'(Sclera)', ibukeka iphuzi. Kodwa kukhona okunye lapha. Akuyona i-sclera ngokwayo ephuzi ngempela. Yingxenye engenhla kwayo, okuyi-membrane encane kakhulu, esobala ebizwa ngokuthi i-'(Conjunctiva).' Uma le membrane iphenduka iphuzi, umbala ophuzi ubonakala ngokucacile ngenxa yengxenye emhlophe ye-sclera engaphansi.
Abantu abaningi bakubiza nangokuthi `(i-Jaundice)`. Akukho lutho olungalungile ngalokho, kodwa igama elithi `i-Jaundice` libanzi kancane. Libhekisela ekuphuzeni kwamehlo kanye nasekuphuzeni kwesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, `i-Scleral Icterus` yisimo esithinta ngqo amehlo .
Kungani amehlo ethu ephenduka aphuzi? Indaba ye-bilirubin
Isizathu esiyinhloko salo mbala ophuzi ukwanda kwenhlanganisela yamakhemikhali aphuzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-bilirubin egazini lethu. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ``Hyperbilirubinemia``.
Cabanga ngakho, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi emzimbeni wethu nawo aphila isikhathi eside. I-Bilirubin ikhiqizwa lapho lawa maseli abomvu egazi amadala ewohloka. Ngokuvamile, okufanele kwenzeke ukuthi isibindi sethu sisebenze njengesihlungi, sihlunge le bilirubin engadingekile egazini, siyihlanganise ne-bile bese siyiqondisa enkambisweni yokugaya ukudla. Ekugcineni, leyo bilirubin ikhishwa emzimbeni ngendle.
Kodwa-ke, uma le bilirubin ingakwazi ukususwa kahle egazini, kungaba ngenxa yenkinga yesibindi noma ngesizathu esithile, iqala ukunqwabelana egazini. Lokhu kunqwabelana kwe-bilirubin yilokho okuguqula amehlo nesikhumba kube phuzi.
Isizathu sokuthi lolu shintsho lombala emehlweni luqale lubonakale ukuthi i-bilirubin imuncwa kalula futhi ibekwe ezicutshini zeso ezibizwa ngokuthi ``Conjunctiva.`` Ngenxa yesizinda esimhlophe ngaphansi, ngisho nezinga elincane le-bilirubin libonakala kalula kithi.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zamazinga aphezulu e-bilirubin?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani amazinga e-bilirubin ekhuphuka futhi amehlo angase abe phuzi. Ezinye zilula, kodwa ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.
| Imbangela | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izifo ezihlobene nesibindi | Izimo ezinjengokulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa utshwala ( i-cirrhosis ), izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (i-Hepatitis A, B, C), kanye ne-hepatitis yokuzivikela komzimba . |
| Izifo zenyongo kanye nepancreas | Izimo ezifana namatshe enyongo , ukuqina kwe -bile duct, noma i-pancreatitis . |
| Izifo | I-Leptospirosis , imfiva ebangelwa amagciwane njenge-dengue, izifo ezithathelwanayo ezisakazeka emzimbeni wonke ( i-sepsis ), kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo (isib. i-Schistosomiasis ). |
| Izidakamizwa kanye nobuthi | Ukusebenzisa ngokweqile imithi ethile (isib. ama-steroid, amanye ama-antibiotic) kanye nezinhlungu zobuhlungu njenge- Acetaminophen (i-Panadol). Amanye amakhambi endabuko kanye nobuthi obufana namakhemikhali ezolimo nakho kungaba yimbangela. |
| Izifo zofuzo | Izifo ezizuzwe njengeSickle Cell Disease kanye neGilbert's Syndrome ezithinta i-bilirubin metabolism. |
| Amaqhubu namathumba | Ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwenyongo ngenxa yezimila ezingenabungozi noma ezinomdlavuza esibindini, enyongweni, noma ezindaweni ezihlobene. |
| I-Jaundice Yezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa | Ngenxa yokuthi isibindi sosana olusanda kuzalwa asikakhuli ngokugcwele, kuvamile ukuthi amehlo abe phuzi emasontweni amabili okuqala. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu. |
Iphathwa kanjani?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi i-'Scleral Icterus' ayisona isifo, kodwa iyisibonakaliso . Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa akusikho okwephuzi lamehlo; kungenxa yesimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokho.
Isibonelo, uma amehlo akho ephuzi ngenxa yamatshe enyongo, uzokwelashwa ukuze kususwe amatshe. Uma kuyisifo sesibindi, uzokwelashwa ngalokho. Ukuze athole imbangela, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, amaskeni, njll. Ngakho-ke , kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kunokuzelapha.
Kwenzekani uma ungawanaki amehlo aphuzi?
Ukuphuzi kwamehlo akulona ingozi ngokwako. Kodwa kuyisibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso . Uma kungelashwa, izinga le-bilirubin egazini linganda kakhulu futhi lithinte ngisho nobuchopho. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu.
- Lesi simo ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa sibizwa ngokuthi ``Kernicterus'' futhi singabangela ukulimala kobuchopho unomphela.
- Lesi simo kubantu abadala sibizwa ngokuthi "i-Hepatic Encephalopathy" futhi singabangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukudideka, ngisho nokuquleka.
Zombili lezi zimo zidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo .
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela noma ukuya e-ETU ngokushesha
Uma ubona ukuthi amehlo akho aphenduka aphuzi, hlela isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo kanye namehlo akho aphuzi, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
| Izimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo | |
|---|---|
| ⚫ Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu noma obuqhubekayo | ⚫ Umkhuhlane |
| ⚫ Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo | ⚫ Isiyezi noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi |
| ⚫ Ukuqunjelwa kwesisu noma ukugcinwa kwamanzi | ⚫ Ukudideka, ukozela, noma ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo |
Iseluleko esincane
Ngezinye izikhathi umbala wezibani endaweni esikuyo (isib. amabhalbhu aphuzi) ungabangela nokuthi amehlo ethu abonakale ephuzi. Ngakho-ke uma ungaqiniseki, iya endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, ekhanyayo yemvelo bese ubheka esibukweni. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungaqiniseka ngomehluko oqondile wombala.
Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?
Nakuba kungenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi.
- Lawula utshwala: Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kunganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo esibindini.
- Goma: Zivikele ngokugoma izifo ezithinta isibindi, njenge-Hepatitis A no-B.
- Qaphela ngemithi: Ungathathi imithi engadingekile, amakhambi, noma izithasiselo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Ukuthatha imithi engaphezu kwesilinganiso esinconywayo, ikakhulukazi i-Acetaminophen (Panadol), kungalimaza isibindi.
- Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwaminyaka yonke: Ngisho nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kungabona izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwesibindi ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Scleral icterus (ukuphuzi kwamehlo amhlophe) akuyona isifo, kodwa uphawu lwesifo esiyisisekelo.
- Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukwanda kwamazinga e -bilirubin egazini. Lokhu kungabangelwa inkinga yesibindi.
- Uma ubona amehlo ephuzi, ungesabi, kodwa ungakushayi indiva . Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Uma unezinye izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, umkhuhlane, noma ukudideka, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ukwelashwa kuncike esimweni esiyisisekelo esibangela amehlo aphuzi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Iyini ingozi yespleen ekhuphukile (i-Enlarged Spleen / Splenomegaly)?
I-spleen iyisitho esincane esivame ukutholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesifuba sethu, ngaphansi kwekheji lezimbambo/ngemuva kwesisu, esihluza igazi/sibhubhisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi amadala (ngokuvamile sincane kunosithupha sakho). Kodwa 'i-Enlarged Spleen' yisimo lapho lesi sitho sivuvukala ngendlela engavamile futhi singazwakala ngaphansi kwekheji lezimbambo zesobunxele (LUQ)! Lesi yisibonakaliso esikhulu kunazo zonke sesifo esihlobene negazi emzimbeni.
💬 Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zobende elikhulu ngendlela engavamile ohlangothini lwesobunxele?
Kunezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko zalokhu: 1) 'I-Leukemia / I-Lymphoma' - Kulesi simo, i-spleen iyakhula ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayayigcwalisa. 2) 'I-Liver Cirrhosis' - Lapho igazi ligeleza esibindini livinjiwe, lelo gazi ligcwalisa imithambo ye-spleen (i-Portal hypertension) bese ivuvukala. 3) Umalaleveva / I-Dengue noma i-jaundice (i-Malaria / I-EBV Infections) kanye nezifo lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ehlakazeka khona ngendlela engavamile (i-Hemolytic anemia) nazo zibangela lokhu ngokungenakugwenywa.
💬 Uma kukhona iqhubu/ubende obukhulu ngaphansi kwekheji lesobunxele, yiziphi 'izimo ezisongela ukuphila/eziphuthumayo' ezidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha?
Lesi yisifo esidinga udokotela ukuthi asibone (udinga ukuya ku-CT Scan). Kodwa ingozi enkulu nenkulu kakhulu! 1) Uma ngokuzumayo uzwa 'ubuhlungu obukhulu njengokugwazwa ngommese okungabekezeleleki (Ubuhlungu obukhulu be-LUQ - Ukuqhuma Kwe-Splenic)' ngaphansi kwekheji lesobunxele futhi lobo buhlungu busakazekela ehlombe lesobunxele (uphawu lukaKehr) futhi uma uba nesiyezi futhi ulahlekelwa ukuqonda, ngokuqinisekile 'ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen'! Lokhu kungabangela ukopha nokufa kungakapheli imizuzu, ngakho-ke kufanele ulaliswe esibhedlela ngokushesha!
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