Manje usufinyelele isikhathi esikhululekile, esikhululekile ekukhulelweni kwakho. Leso yi -trimester yesibili . Lesi yisikhathi lapho ukungakhululeki kwezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala sekuphelile, ungadla futhi uphuze kangcono, futhi uzizwe unamandla. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuhlola inhlalakahle yakho kanye nengane yakho esesiswini sakho. Ungesabi lezi zivivinyo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi nobabili niphilile. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini?
Baby's due date (EDD)
Calculate the due date based on the last menstrual period
Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa njalo kuyo yonke imitholampilo
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ozenzayo cishe njalo uma uya emtholampilo ngesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini. Iningi lalezi yizinto okungenzeka ukuthi usuzijwayele manje.
- Ukuhlolwa Komchamo: Kuthathwa isampula yomchamo wakho bese kuhlolwa izinto ezifana neprotheni, ushukela, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka.
- Isisindo kanye nomfutho wegazi: Udokotela wakho angathola umbono omuhle ngempilo yakho ngokulinganisa isisindo sakho nokuhlola umfutho wegazi lakho .
Kodwa kunezinto ezimbili ozilangazelelayo ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu.
1. Ukulinganisa ukuphakama kwesisu sakho: Udokotela uzolinganisa ukuphakama kwesisu sakho ngetheyiphu yokulinganisa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso 'sokuphakama kwe-fundal'. Lena indlela elula yokubona ukuthi isibeletho sakho, kanye nomntwana, kukhula kahle yini.
2. Amathoni enhliziyo yengane esanda kuzalwa: Idivayisi encane ye-ultrasound ephathwa ngesandla ikuvumela ukuthi uzwe ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane yakho (amathoni enhliziyo yengane esanda kuzalwa). Injabulo yokuzwa lokho kushaya kwenhliziyo okuncane ayichazeki, akunjalo?
Ukuskena kwe-ultrasound okulindelwe ngabomvu
Lokhu kuskena kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele yenziwe ku-trimester yesibili. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa cishe emavikini angama-20 okukhulelwa . Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi 'ukuskena okungajwayelekile'. Lokhu akukhona nje ukubheka ingane. Kunganikeza ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile.
Lokhu kuskena kuhlola ngokucacile ukuthi zonke izitho ezibalulekile zomzimba womntwana, njengobuchopho, inhliziyo, izinso, kanye nemilenze, zikhule kahle yini nokuthi kukhona yini amaphutha.
| Izinto eziyinhloko okufanele uzibheke ekuskeni kwamasonto angama-20 | |
|---|---|
| Ukukhula komntwana | Bayaqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana ukhule kahle isikhathi esibekiwe samasonto. |
| Indawo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezitho zomzimba | Izinto ezifana nobuchopho, inhliziyo, umgogodla, izinso, kanye nezingxenye zobuso (isib., izimo ezifana ne-cleft palate) ziyahlolwa. |
| Indawo ye-Placenta | Bahlola isimo esiyingozi njenge-placenta previa, lapho i-placenta iphansi esibelethweni. |
| Inani le-Amniotic Fluid | Ukuhlola ukuthi inani lamanzi (i-amniotic fluid) elizungeze umntwana lanele yini. |
| Amawele | Kusetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona yini izingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa esibelethweni. |
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kutholakala okuthile okusolisayo kulokhu kuskena, udokotela wakho angakuthumela kuchwepheshe ukuze athole ezinye izivivinyo. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungenziwa ne-Doppler scan. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuhle yini phakathi kwe-placenta nengane.
Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlolwa Kwesifo Sikashukela Sokukhulelwa
Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu okwenziwa ku-trimester yesibili. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto angama-24 nama-28 .
Kalula nje, uphuza uketshezi olukhethekile lwe-glucose (ushukela), bese kuthi ngemva kwehora, kuthathwe isampula yegazi lakho ukuze kuhlolwe izinga likashukela wakho. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuhlola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa , isimo esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuphela.
Uma lesi simo singalawulwa, ingane ingaba nkulu kakhulu, ukubeletha kungaba nzima, futhi wena nomntwana ningaba nezinkinga zempilo esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa kuyadingeka. Uma izinga likashukela egazini libonakala liphezulu, uzothunyelwa esivivinyweni esibucayi kakhulu (i-Glucose Tolerance Test) ukuze kuqinisekiswe. Ungakhathazeki ngakho, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza iseluleko esidingekayo.
Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukubheka izimo zofuzo enganeni
Lokhu kuhlolwa akuphoqelekile kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe . Ngokuvamile kunconywa kulabo abanezici ezithile eziyingozi. Isibonelo:
- Uma umama eneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala.
- Uma othile emndenini enesifo sofuzo esifana ne -Down syndrome .
- Uma ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ku-trimester yokuqala kubonise noma iyiphi ingozi.
Ngaphambi kokwenza lezi zivivinyo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngobuhle nokubi nodokotela wakho bese wenza isinqumo.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwamamaki Amaningi (Ukuhlolwa Okuthathu/Okune) | Lokhu ukuhlolwa okwenziwa egazini lakho. Kubheka amazinga amaprotheni athile (i-MSAFP) nama-hormone akhiqizwa yingane, futhi kubalwe ingozi yokuthi ingane izoba ne-Down syndrome noma i-neural tube defect. Nakuba lokhu kubonisa ingozi, akusona isiqinisekiso esingu-100%. |
| I-Amniocentesis | Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa okungenhla kubonisa ingozi yini. Kwenziwa iskeni, bese kudluliswa inalithi encane kakhulu esiswini, bese kuthathwa inani elincane loketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze umntwana ukuze luhlolwe. Lokhu kungahlonza izimo zofuzo ngokunemba okungaphezu kuka-99%. Kodwa-ke, kunengozi encane kakhulu yokuphuphuma kwesisu (cishe u-0.2% - 0.5%). |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphambi Kokubeletha Okungahlaseli (i-NIPT) | Lokhu futhi kuyindlela entsha, enembile kakhulu yokuhlola esebenzisa igazi likamama. Ingathola izimo ezifana ne-Down syndrome ngokunemba okungu-99% ngokuhlola i-DNA yengane (i-DNA yengane engenamaseli) egazini likamama. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unemibuzo, ukungabaza, noma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo okufana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukuxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho. Uzokuchazela konke futhi akunikeze ukwesekwa kwengqondo okudingayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ikota yesibili yokukhulelwa yisikhathi esibalulekile sokuqapha ngokucophelela impilo yakho neyengane yakho.
- Ukuhlolwa okuvamile okwenziwa kuyo yonke imitholampilo, njengesisindo, umfutho wegazi, kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo, kwenzelwa ukuphepha kwenu nobabili.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-anomaly okungamaviki angu-20 kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlola ukukhula kwengane kanye nempilo yezitho zomzimba.
- Ungayeki ukuhlolwa isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi zesikhathi esizayo.
- Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwezifo zofuzo (i-Amniocentesis, i-NIPT) akuphoqelekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Kwenziwa uma kukhona ingozi, futhi ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka nganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngakho.
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