Ubuhlungu buyinkinga eqhubekayo kumuntu ophila neSickle Cell Disease ( SCD ). Kalula nje, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi egazini lakho ayashintsha ekubeni yindilinga abe yi-sickle. Lawa maseli amise okwesickle abhajwa emithanjeni yegazi emincane emzimbeni wakho, avimbele ukugeleza kwegazi . Yilapho-ke uzwa khona ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokuzumayo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "inkinga yobuhlungu." Lobuhlungu buvame ukwenzeka emhlane ongezansi, ezingalweni, emilenzeni, esifubeni nasesiswini. Kwabanye abantu, ubuhlungu bungaba obuqhubekayo, noma obungapheli, ngenxa yezinye izinkinga zempilo ezibangelwa yilesi sifo. Uma uphila nobuhlungu obunjengalobu, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nokucindezeleka , ukucindezeleka, nokukhathazeka .
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubhekene nobuhlungu obunjani, kunezindlela eziningi zokukusiza uthole impumuzo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwakha uhlelo oluhle lokuphatha ubuhlungu bakho.
Ungayiphatha kanjani inkinga yobuhlungu?
Esikhathini esiningi, ungakwazi ukulawula ubuhlungu ekhaya uma buqala. Ngokuvamile ungathola impumuzo ngamaphilisi obuhlungu atholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela njengeParacetamol noma i-Ibuprofen . ( Kodwa khumbula, i-aspirin ayinconywa kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 ubudala .) Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukusiza.
Ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha nje lapho ubuhlungu buqala kuwusizo olukhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuthi bungabi bubi kakhulu.
Ake sikubheke ngale ndlela ukuze siqonde ngokucacile ukuthi yini engenziwa ekhaya.
| Yini engenziwa? | Usizo olunikezayo |
|---|---|
| Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. | Ukuphuza amanzi nokuhlala unamanzi ngokushesha nje lapho ubuhlungu buqala kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi nokuvimbela ubuhlungu ukuba bube bubi kakhulu. |
| Sebenzisa i-heating pad/geza ngamanzi ashisayo | Ukushisa kusiza ukukhulula imithambo yegazi nokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezithintekile, kunciphisa ubuhlungu. |
| Zama ukubhucungwa noma i-acupuncture. | Lokhu kungasiza ekuphumuzeni imisipha, kuthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi, futhi kunciphise ubuhlungu. Kuhle kakhulu futhi ukuzijwayeza amasu okuphumula. |
| Ziphazamise. | Esikhundleni sokucabanga ngobuhlungu, yenza into oyithandayo. Bukela i-TV, ulalele umculo, noma ukhulume nomngane. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ukhohlwe ubuhlungu. |
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma lezi zinto zingasizi, noma uma ubuhlungu bukhulu kakhulu, wena noma ingane yakho kungadingeka ukuthi nilaliswe esibhedlela. Lapho, udokotela angakunika uketshezi lwe-IV kanye nemithi yokubulala izinhlungu enamandla. Uma ubuhlungu bungabekezeleleki, ungahlali nje ekhaya. Yiya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha okukhulu.
Odokotela abaningi banikeza abantu abanesifo se-sickle cell uhlelo lokulawula ubuhlungu ukuze lubasize babhekane nobuhlungu. Luchaza izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uphathe ubuhlungu bakho wedwa. Luphinde lukutshele ukuthi abanye odokotela, abahlengikazi, noma abasebenzi be-ambulensi bangakusiza kanjani esimweni esiphuthumayo. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzwa ubuhlungu bese udala uhlelo.
Yimiphi imithi etholakalayo yokunciphisa nokuvimbela ubuhlungu?
Kunemithi eminingana ethize engasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvama kweziqephu ezibuhlungu.
- I-Hydroxyurea:Ukuthatha lo muthi nsuku zonke kunganciphisa ukuvama kweziqephu zobuhlungu kubantu abadala kanye nezingane.
- I-L-glutamine (L-glutamine - Endari): Uma isetshenziswa, inganciphisa isikhathi ohlala ngaso esibhedlela ngenxa yobuhlungu noma inciphise inani labantu abalaliswa esibhedlela.
- I-Crizanlizumab-tmca (i-Adakveo): Lona omunye wemithi emisha evunyelwe isifo se-sickle cell. Uyindlela yokwelapha eqondiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo muthi usebenza ngokubhekisa ngqo kumaseli abomvu egazi ukuze uwavimbe ukuthi angahlangani ndawonye. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lezinkinga ze-vaso-occlusive crisis (ama-VOC), okungaholela ebuhlungwini obuncane kanye nomonakalo ezithweni zangaphakathi.
Inothi elibalulekile: Odokotela babesebenzisa umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-`Voxeletor (Oxbryta)` ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamaseli abomvu egazi angajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ngoSepthemba 2024, inkampani eyenza umuthi yawuhoxisa emakethe ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha. Le nkampani yanquma ukuthi izingozi zomuthi zidlula izinzuzo. Uma usuvele uthatha i-`Oxbryta`, sicela ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokushesha mayelana nokuqala olunye ukwelashwa.
Kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi le mithi ikulungele yini wena noma ingane yakho.
Yini engenziwa ngobuhlungu obungapheli?
Imiphumela yesikhathi eside yesifo se-sickle cell ingabangela izinkinga ezibuhlungu zesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. Isibonelo, ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wonke kungalimaza amathambo namalunga, okuholela ebuhlungwini obungapheli.
Ukuze uphathe lolu hlobo lobuhlungu obungapheli, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yobuhlungu okufanele uyiphuze nsuku zonke. Bangase futhi bakuncome ukwelashwa ngokomzimba noma amadivayisi okwelapha amathambo ukusiza ukusekela umhlane wakho nezingalo. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, odokotela bangase bakuncome ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe inkinga ebangela ubuhlungu noma imizwa eqeda amandla okwesikhashana ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu.
Uhlala kanjani uqinile engqondweni ngalezi zinhlungu?
Ukuphila nesifo se-sickle cell kungaba nzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Abantu abahlushwa ubuhlungu obungapheli banamathuba amaningi okuthola izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka. Bangase bazizwe bekhishwe ngaphandle ezintweni abanye abazijabulelayo ngenxa yesimo sabo. Le mizwa ingenza ezinye izinkinga ezibangelwa yilesi sifo zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Uma nawe uzizwa ucindezelekile, udangele, noma ungenathemba, ukwelulekwa noma ukwelashwa kwengqondo kungaba usizo olukhulu. Umeluleki wezempilo yengqondoNgokukhuluma ngezinkinga zakho nodokotela wakho, ungathola izindlela zokuphila ngempumelelo nangendlela enempilo nobuhlungu nezinye izinselele ezihambisana nalesi sifo.
Futhi, buza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi ngamaqembu okusekelana lapho abanye abantu nemindeni ephila nesifo se-sickle cell bengahlangana khona. La maqembu angakunikeza amathuba okwabelana ngolwazi nabanye ngokuthi kunjani ukuphila nesifo, nokuthola iseluleko sokubhekana nobuhlungu nezinye izinkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ubuhlungu besifo se-sickle cell bungokoqobo. Ungabuthathi kalula.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okufanele ukwenze uma uzwa ubuhlungu bese uqhamuka necebo elihle.
- Qaphela izinto ongazenza ekhaya (ukuphuza amanzi, ukufaka ukushisa) ngokushesha nje lapho ubuhlungu buqala.
- Uma ubuhlungu bukhulu noma bungalawuleki, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Xoxa nodokotela wakho ngemithi yesikhathi eside engavimbela izimo zobuhlungu.
- Nakekela impilo yakho yengqondo futhi. Uma kudingeka, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko noma ukujoyina iqembu lokusekela.
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