Sonke sesizwile nge-smallpox. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi manje isisusiwe emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho-ke ungase uzibuze, "Pho kungani sisakhuluma ngalo muthi wokugomela i-smallpox?" Empeleni kunezizathu ezimbalwa eziqondile zalokho. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abasebenza emalabhorethri, emasosheni, noma ezimweni eziphuthumayo njengokuhlasela kwe-bioterrorism bangase badinge lo muthi wokugomela ukuze bavikeleke. Ngakho-ke, yize kungewona umuthi wokugomela ovame ukunikezwa wonke umuntu, kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi oluphelele ngawo.
Kalula nje, uyini lo muthi wokugomela i-smallpox?
Lona umuthi wokugomela okhethekile onikezwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-smallpox. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyiqonde ukuthi lo muthi wokugomela ophilayo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo muthi wokugomela uqukethe igciwane eliphilayo elihlobene negciwane le-smallpox, kodwa elibuthakathaka. Lokhu kuvumela amasosha omzimba wethu ukuthi aqaphele lelo gciwane futhi akhiqize ama-antibodies adingekayo ukulwa nalo uma kufika igciwane langempela le-smallpox. ESri Lanka nakwamanye amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, lo muthi wokugomela waziwa ngegama lomkhiqizo elithi `ACAM2000`.
Lokhu akufani nomjovo ojwayelekile, ufakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngendlela ekhethekile. Futhi unikezwa udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezempilo oqeqeshiwe kuphela.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu akuyona imithi yokugoma evame ukunikezwa wonke umuntu. Inikezwa kuphela ezimweni ezithile, ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha.
Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokugonywa
Ngenxa yokuthi lo muthi wokugomela ophilayo, kungaba yingozi kubantu abanezinkinga ezithile zempilo ukuwuthola. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokucacile nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba unikezwe lo muthi wokugomela.
| Isimo sakho sempilo | Kungani lokho kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu | Kukhona ingozi encane yokuvuvukala kwenhliziyo ngemva kokugoma, ngakho-ke uma unomlando wesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho kufanele aqaphele lokhu. |
| Isifo sikashukela | Isifo sikashukela singawenza buthaka amasosha omzimba futhi sandise ingozi yokutheleleka kwesikhumba. |
| Izinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela | Lo muthi wokugomela ophilayo ungaba yingozi kubantu abane-HIV/AIDS, labo abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza, noma labo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka ngezinye izizathu. |
| Izifo zesikhumba (ikakhulukazi i-eczema) | Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho ene-eczema noma ezinye izimo zesikhumba ezinzima, igciwane lomjovo lingasakazeka esikhumbeni futhi libangele isimo esibi kakhulu. |
| Uma ukhulelwe noma uzama ukukhulelwa | Lo mjovo ungadala umonakalo omkhulu enganeni esibelethweni. Ngakho-ke, lo mjovo awunikezwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. |
| Uma ungumama oncelisayo (oncelisayo) | Kufanele futhi utshele udokotela wakho ngalokhu, njengoba kungathinta ingane ngobisi lwebele. |
| Ukungezwani neminye imithi, ukudla, noma izinto ezithile | Lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi uma une-allergy kunoma yini esemgomeni. |
Ingabe abanye bangangenwa yileli gciwane ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela?
Yebo, lokhu kuyinto ekhethekile kakhulu ngalo mjovo futhi into okudingeka siyiqaphele kakhulu. Indawo yomjovo izokwakha inxeba elincane, elizokhula kamuva libe uqweqwe. Kuze kube yilapho lolu qweqwe luvela futhi luwe lodwa (ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ama-2-3), igciwane endaweni yomjovo lingadluliselwa kwabanye.
Ngakho-ke, uma uthola lo muthi wokugomela, kufanele ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
- Gcina indawo yomjovo imboziwe kahle.
- Uma uthinta leyo ndawo, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho.
- Gwema ukusondelana nabantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abanezinkinga zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema, kanye nezingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi elindelekile?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma, lo ungaba nemiphumela emibi. Eminye ivamile, kodwa kunezinto okudingeka siziqaphele kakhulu.
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho noma eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ze-Myocarditis | Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhathala okungavamile, isiyezi, ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha, umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze/amaqakala. |
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi. |
| Imiphumela ohlelweni lwezinzwa | Isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukudideka, nobunzima bokukhuluma. |
| Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba | Ukubomvu kwesikhumba, ukuqubuka, ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba (ngisho nangaphakathi emlonyeni), ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kwezinye izindawo ezingaphandle kwendawo yokujova. |
| Izinkinga zamehlo | Ukubomvu kwamehlo, ubuhlungu, ukutheleleka, umbono ofiphele, noma izinguquko embonweni. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu (kodwa tshela udokotela wakho uma iqhubeka) | |
| Izici ezijwayelekile | Umkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka, izinhlungu zomzimba, ikhanda elibuhlungu. |
| Indawo yokujova | Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala. |
| Ukuvuvukala kweqakala | Ukuvuvukala kwentamo, emakhwapheni nasezindaweni zezimbotshana. |
Yini okufanele uyenze uma umthamo womuthi wokugoma ukhushuliwe?
Njengoba lo muthi wokugomela unikezwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo, mancane amathuba okudlula ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, uma usola ukuthi uphuze ngokweqile, xhumana ngokushesha ne-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital , noma uye e- Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) eseduze.
Lona umuthi ongowakho kuphela. Ungawuhlanganisi nanoma ubani nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba uwumuthi ophilayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umuthi wokugomela i-smallpox awuyona imithi yokugomela evamile enikezwa wonke umuntu. Uwumuthi wokugomela igciwane eliphilayo onikezwa kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile kanye nangeseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Ngaphambi kokugonywa, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele, ikakhulukazi isifo senhliziyo, izifo zesikhumba (i-eczema), kanye nezinkinga zesistimu yomzimba.
- Lo mjovo ungaba yingozi kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nosana olungakazalwa.
- Ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela, kunengozi yokusabalalisa igciwane kwabanye kuze kube yilapho indawo yomjovo iphola (amasonto ama-2-3). Ngakho-ke, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze.
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