Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile futhi ungakhululekile uma utshelwa ukuthi kufanele wenze i-colonoscopy. Abantu abaningi bayakugwema lokhu ngoba kudinga ukulungiselela okuningi futhi kuthatha usuku lokuphumula emsebenzini. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kunezivivinyo ongazihlola ekhaya ukuze uthole umdlavuza we-colonectal kusenesikhathi? Nakuba lezi sezikhona isikhathi eside, muva nje sezithandwa kakhulu ngabantu abaningi. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla.
Ziyini lezi zivivinyo zomdlavuza wamathumbu ekhaya?
Kalula nje, lezi yizivivinyo ezisebenzisa isampula yendle yakho (isampula yendle) ukubheka izimpawu zomdlavuza noma ukukhula okungaphambi komdlavuza (ama-polyps). Indinganiso yegolide yokuthola umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu yi-colonoscopy. Kodwa ukwenza lokho kudinga ukuvakashela udokotela, i-anesthesia, kanye nokuhlanza amathumbu amakhulu ngokuphelele.
Lezi zivivinyo zilula kakhulu futhi zishesha kakhulu ukuzenza ekhaya. Ziyindlela enhle futhi kulabo abangafuni ukwenza i-"(Colonoscopy)" noma abanenkinga yokuthola isikhathi sazo. Ziphephile futhi ziyasebenza, kodwa zombili lezi zindlela zinezinzuzo nezinkinga zazo. Kubalulekile ukwazi lezi zinto ngaphambi kokukhetha indlela efanele wena.
Uma ucabangela ukuhlolwa komdlavuza ekhaya, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho, ufunde imininingwane, bese wenza izinhlelo zokuxoxa ngemiphumela.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa lezi?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa ekhaya. Zonke ezintathu zihilela ukuqoqa isampula yendle, kodwa ziyahlukahluka ngendlela ezisebenza ngayo nokuthi kudingeka zenziwe kangaki.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Indlela esebenza ngayo | Isikhathi sokukwenza |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabonakali kwendle yeGuaiac (gFOBT) | Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali okuthola igazi elifihliwe esitulweni (igazi elingabonakali). Lokhu kudinga izinsuku eziningana zokuthatha amasampula esitulweni. Ukudla okuthile kanye nemithi kungathinta imiphumela. | Njalo ngonyaka. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fecal immunochemical (FIT) | Lokhu futhi kuthola igazi elifihliwe esitulweni. Kodwa-ke, kusetshenziswa ama-antibodies akhethekile kulokhu. Lawa ma-antibodies abopha kuphela iphrotheni ye-hemoglobin egazini. Ngokuvamile, isampula eyodwa yesisu yanele. Akukho kulawulwa kokudla noma kwemithi okudingekayo. | Njalo ngonyaka. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA yendle ye-multitarget (isb. i-Cologuard) | Ngaphezu kokuthola igazi elifihliwe esitulweni, ithola futhi i-DNA eshintshiwe, noma izakhi zofuzo, ezingaphunyuka kumdlavuza noma ama-polyp bese zengezwa esitulweni. | Njalo eminyakeni emi-3. |
Ubani ofanele lolu vivinyo?
Ngokweziqondiso zezokwelapha, abantu abasengozini evamile yomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu kufanele baqale ukuhlolwa kusukela beneminyaka engu-45 kuze kube yilapho okungenani beneminyaka engu-75.
Ukuhlolwa ekhaya kungaba yindlela enhle uma unezimo ezilandelayo:
- Uma kunzima ukuthatha ikhefu emsebenzini, lungiselela futhi wenze i-colonoscopy.
- Uma wesaba ukudambisa ubuhlungu.
- Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezikubeka engcupheni enkulu yezinkinga ezivela ekubulaweni yizinzwa.
Ubani osengozini ephezulu kunejwayelekile?
Kodwa-ke, uma usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, indaba ihlukile kancane. Abantu abanjalo bangadinga ukuhlolwa besebancane futhi kaningi. Futhi bavame ukunconywa ukuthi benze i-"colonoscopy" ngoba ivumela udokotela ukuthi abheke ngqo ngaphakathi kwamathumbu amakhulu futhi asuse noma yimaphi ama-polyp angaba umdlavuza.
Ubhekwa njengosengozini enkulu uma:
- Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, izinhlobo ezithile zama-polyps, noma izimo zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
- Uma uke waba nomdlavuza wamathumbu noma ama-polyp lokho kungaba umdlavuza.
- Uma unezinye izifo zamathumbu amakhulu noma i-rectum, isibonelo, izimo ezifana `(Ulcerative Colitis)` noma `(Isifo sikaCrohn)`.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwasekhaya kusebenza kanjani?
Ukuhlolwa ngakunye kudinga ukuthi uqoqe isampula yendle, uyipakishe esikhwameni, bese uyithumela elabhorethri noma ehhovisi likadokotela. Ngokuvamile uthola le khithi yokuhlola kanye nencwadi kadokotela evela kudokotela.
Kungani lezi zivivinyo zifuna igazi esitulweni?
Cabanga ukuthi unama-polyp amakhulu noma izimila ezinomdlavuza emathunjini akho. Imithambo yegazi ekuyo ilungile kakhulu. Njengoba indle idlula kuyo, le mithambo yegazi emincane ingonakalisa, futhi inani elincane legazi elincane kakhulu ukuba lingabonakali ngamehlo enyama lingangezwa esitulweni. Lokhu kuhlolwa kufuna lelo gazi elifihliwe.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokhu. Umdlavuza awuyona yodwa imbangela yegazi esitulweni. Ungabangelwa nezinye izimo, njenge-hemorrhoids noma izilonda emathunjini. Yingakho uma ukuhlolwa kutholakala ukuthi kuyiqiniso, kunconywa i-colonoscopy ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cologuard kusebenza kanjani?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cologuard kuhlukile kancane kwezinye ngoba kudinga ukuthi uthumele isampula ephelele yendle. Le khithi ingalethwa ekhaya lakho ngokunconywa udokotela wakho. Usebenzisa imishini ekhithi, uqoqa isampula yendle, ungeze uketshezi kuyo, uyivale, bese uyithumela elabhorethri.
Elabhorethri, ochwepheshe, ngaphezu kokuhlola igazi esitofini, bahlola ne-DNA eshintshiwe engaphuma emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza.
Ziphumelela kangakanani lezi zivivinyo zasekhaya?
I-Colonoscopy ingabona cishe u-99% womdlavuza. Leli phesenti liphansi kancane ngokuhlolwa kwasekhaya. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kwenziwa kaningi, kunethuba lokuthi okuthile okuphuthelwe kungatholakala kamuva.
- I-Cologuard: Ithola cishe umdlavuza ongu-9 kwabayi-10.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-FIT: Kuthola cishe umdlavuza ongu-8 kwabayi-10.
- I-gFOBT: Ithola cishe umdlavuza ongu-7 kwabayi-10.
Kodwa kukhona okunye lapha. Lokho "kungukuvela okungamanga." Okusho ukuthi, ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi usengozini yize ungenawo umdlavuza. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cologuard cishe kuzonikeza le miphumela emihle engamanga kune-FIT test.
Ekugcineni, abukho ubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi noma yiziphi zalezi zindlela zingcono kakhulu kunezinye izindlela maqondana nokusindisa izimpilo. Odokotela bathi ukuhlolwa okungcono kakhulu yilokho okwenzayo wena. Kwabanye abantu, i-colonoscopy njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 kulula kunokuhlolwa kwasekhaya kwaminyaka yonke. Kwabanye, i-colonoscopy ayilula. Kulabo bantu, ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya kusebenza kangcono.
Wenzani ngemva kokufika kwemiphumela?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlolwe kanjani, imiphumela izotholakala zingakapheli amasonto amabili. Ngemva kwalokho , kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Okuhle/Okungajwayelekile: Uma umphumela 'uhle', kusho ukuthi kutholakale igazi noma i-DNA eshintshiwe esitulweni. Ungesabi. Njengesinyathelo esilandelayo, kuzodingeka wenze i-'Colonoscopy' ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile.
- Okubi/Okujwayelekile: Uma umphumela 'ungemuhle', kusho ukuthi azikho izici eziyingozi ezitholakele. Ungaphinda uhlole ngokwesimiso sakho sokuhlola esijwayelekile (ngonyaka owodwa we-'FIT', eminyakeni emi-3 we-'Cologuard').
Noma kunjalo, noma ngabe uhlolwe, uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha:
- Ukushintsha kwemikhuba yamathumbu (isb. isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa).
- Igazi elingaphakathi noma elihambisana nendle.
- Ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo noma ukuqaqamba kwesisu.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya komdlavuza wamathumbu kuyindlela enhle kubantu abaningi abasengozini evamile.
- Umphumela omuhle ovela ekuhlolweni kwasekhaya akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza, kodwa i-colonoscopy yisinyathelo esilandelayo.
- Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuhlola engcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Ngisho noma uke wahlolwa, ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana negazi esitulweni sakho, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukwehla kwesisindo. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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