Ingabe ungaba nale nkinga 'engacacile' egazini lakho? Ake sifunde nge-Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM)!

Ngezinye izikhathi, izinkinga ezinkulu zingavela emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kwezimpawu zangaphandle. Ungase ucabange, "O, kungenzeka kanjani lokho?" Yebo, yebo, kungenzeka. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esithile esingakhula buthule, ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu, kodwa esinamandla okuthuthuka sibe umdlavuza omkhulu esikhathini esizayo. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi (Smoldering Multiple Myeloma - SMM) . Kalula nje, lokhu kufana nesigaba sokuqala sesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "chronic multiple myeloma."

Kuyini i-Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM)?

Kalula nje, i-Smoldering Multiple Myeloma yisimo esithinta igazi lakho kanye nomnkantsha wamathambo. Lokhu kungakhula kube umdlavuza wegazi ongavamile obizwa ngokuthi i-active Multiple Myeloma (MM) . Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kuyini lokhu ku-multiple myeloma?" Amaseli e-plasma awuhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Lawa yiwo enza ama-antibodies asiza umzimba wethu ukulwa nezifo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lawa maseli e-plasma angaguquka abe amaseli angajwayelekile. Yilapho-ke kwenzeka khona isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-multiple myeloma.

Ngakho-ke, i-SMM yisigaba "sokuthula" ngaphambi kokuba ibe umdlavuza obizwa ngokuthi i-multiple myeloma, ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha iminyaka ukuthi i-SMM ibe yi-multiple myeloma esebenzayo. Ngokumangalisayo, abanye abantu abane-SMM abakaze babe ne-active multiple myeloma. Yingakho odokotela behlola njalo abantu abane-SMM ukuthola izimpawu zokuthi ingaba umdlavuza osebenzayo.

Ingabe umdlavuza (SMM)?

Lona umbuzo onzima kancane. I-SMM ayiphathwa njengomdlavuza uqobo. Kodwa-ke, ngoba ingakhula ibe umdlavuza obizwa ngokuthi i-active multiple myeloma, ibhekwa njengesandulela somdlavuza. Cabanga ukuthi unendawo engavamile esikhumbeni sakho, uphawu lokuzalwa. Lokho kungaba uphawu lokuqala lomdlavuza wesikhumba, akunjalo? Yilokho i-SMM eyikho. Kusho ukuthi unethuba elithile lokuthola i-multiple myeloma. Yingakho odokotela beqapha abantu abanalesi simo eduze kakhulu .

Zikhona yini ezinye izimo ezibangela ukukhubazeka ezithinta i-multiple myeloma?

Yebo, kukhona enye. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) . Njenge-SMM, lesi yisimo esingase senzeke ngaphambi kokuba kuvele i-multiple myeloma. Odokotela babheka i-MGUS (ebizwa ngokuthi "M-gus") njengesandulela se-multiple myeloma.

I-(SMM) ithinta kanjani umzimba wami? Ziyini izimpawu?

Nansi into ebalulekile: Iningi labantu abane-(SMM) alibonisi zimpawu.Lokho kusho ukuthi ungase ungazizwa ungakhululekile noma ubuhlungu. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi bane-SMM uma behlolwa igazi njalo ngesinye isizathu. Lokho kuhlolwa kwegazi kungabonisa ukuthi unohlobo olungavamile lweprotheyini olubizwa ngokuthi ama-M protein , enziwa amaseli e-plasma angajwayelekile emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukuthi la maseli e-plasma angajwayelekile akhiqiza amaprotheni omzimba angajwayelekile (amaprotheni e-M). Futhi, uma wenza i-bone marrow biopsy, odokotela bangawabona la maseli e-plasma angajwayelekile emnkantsheni wethambo. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nalesi sigaba "sokuthunqa", i-myeloma ayibangeli izinkinga emzimbeni wakho, ngakho-ke abantu abane-SMM ngokuvamile abanazo izimpawu.

Ubani ongathola (i-SMM)? Ingabe lesi yisifo esivamile?

Lesi simo sivame ukuthinta abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuxilongwa siphakathi kweminyaka engama-62 nengama-67.

(SMM) akusona isifo esivamile. Abacwaningi balinganisela ukuthi sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-100,000. Kodwa-ke, i-multiple myeloma ithinta cishe abantu abayisikhombisa kwabayi-100,000. Ngakho-ke, (SMM) yisimo esingavamile nakakhulu.

Iyini ingozi yokukhula (i-SMM) ibe yi-active multiple myeloma?

Lokhu kubalulekile futhi ukwazi. Phakathi neminyaka emihlanu yokuqala ngemva kokuxilongwa ukuthi bane-SMM, cishe abantu abayi-10% abane-SMM bahlakulela i-active multiple myeloma njalo ngonyaka. Eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, lelo phesenti lehla laya ku-3% ngonyaka. Ngemva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokuqala, le ngozi yehla kakhulu yaya ku-1% ngonyaka.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu one-(SMM) ozoba ne-multiple myeloma. Kodwa-ke, kunengozi, ngakho-ke ukuqapha njalo kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa okungabikezela ngokunembile ukuthi umuntu uzoba ne-multiple myeloma?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje akukho ukuhlolwa okungabikezela ngokunembile ukuthi umuntu uzoba ne-multiple myeloma. Odokotela nabacwaningi bayaqhubeka nokuhlaziya izinguquko zofuzo ezihlobene ne-multiple myeloma futhi bafuna ukubona ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukuthola ukuthi umuntu one-SMM uzoba ne-multiple myeloma.

Yiziphi izizathu zokuvela kwe-(SMM)?

Abacwaningi bayazi ukuthi amangqamuzana e-plasma angajwayelekile nezinto ezibizwa ngokuthi amaprotheni e-M ziyimpawu ze-multiple myeloma (MM) kanye ne-multiple myeloma (MM). Kodwa-ke, abakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela amangqamuzana e-plasma ajwayelekile naphilile ukuba angajwayelekile. Baphenya ezinye zezimbangela ezingaba khona:

• Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo: Abacwaningi babheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinguquko ezakhiweni ezithile zofuzo (i-oncogenes - izakhi zofuzo ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwamaseli) kanye ne-multiple myeloma (MM).
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Kukhona ukusola ukuthi amafutha amaningi emzimbeni nawo angaba yimbangela.

Indlela yokuhlonza (i-SMM)? Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Odokotela bangenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unalesi simo. Khumbula, uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye/noma komchamo okuvamile kubonisa izimpawu ze-M protein, lokho kungaba yinkomba yokuqala yokuthi une-multiple myeloma. Odokotela bazokwenza izivivinyo ezithile zokuqala ukuze babone ukuthi isimo sakho siyathuthuka yini sibe yi-multiple myeloma. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kulinganisa inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet akhiqizwa umnkantsha wakho wethambo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali egazini: Lokhu kuhlola izinga lakho le-creatinine (ukuhlola ukuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kahle kangakanani), izinga le-albumin (ukuhlola ukuthi izinso zakho nesibindi zisebenza kahle kangakanani), kanye nezinga le-calcium (ukuhlola ukulahleka kwamathambo).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-immunoglobulin yokulinganisa: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kulinganisa amazinga amaprotheni e-M (amaprotheni omzimba) egazini lakho.
• I-Electrophoresis kanye ne-serum immunofixation: Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka amaprotheni e-M egazini lakho.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Odokotela bangase bakucele ukuthi uqoqe umchamo ekhaya amahora angama-24 ukuze uhlole amaprotheni e-M.
• Ama-X-ray: Ama-X-ray asetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo emathanjeni ngenxa ye-multiple myeloma.
• I-Computed Tomography (CT) scan: Lena enye indlela yokubona umonakalo wamathambo.
• Ukufanekisa Ukuzwakala Kwama-Magnetic (MRI): Lokhu kuhlola kusebenzisa amaza omsakazo kanye nama-magnet aqinile ukwenza izithombe ezinemininingwane zamathambo akho nomgogodla. Lokhu kuhlola kungasetshenziswa ukufuna ubufakazi bokulimala kwamathambo kusenesikhathi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-bone marrow biopsies: Odokotela bangathatha isampula yomongo wakho bese bewuhlaziya ukuze babone iphesenti lamaseli e-plasma ajwayelekile nangavamile kuwo. Bangahlola nesampula yomongo ukuze babone izinguquko ku-DNA yakho ezingaholela kumdlavuza.

Yiziphi izindlela zokusebenzisa i-(SMM)?

Uma odokotela bekhuluma "ngezindlela zokuhlola," basho imiphumela yokuhlolwa ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zezokwelapha ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale isifo. Izindlela zokuhlola (SMM) yilezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubonisa izinga le-M protein elingaphezu kuka-3g/dl (amagremu ama-3 nge-deciliter ngayinye yegazi).
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo kwamahora angama-24 okubonisa ama-milligram angu-500 noma ngaphezulu ephrotheni. Noma...
• Ukuhlolwa komnkantsha wethambo kukhombisa ukuthi amaseli e-plasma akha phakathi kuka-10% no-59% wamaseli egazi aphelele emnkantsha wakho wethambo. Futhi...
• Azikho izimpawu zezilonda zamathambo noma ukulimala kwezinso okungase kubangelwe yi-myeloma, inani lamaseli egazi lakho lijwayelekile, kanti amazinga akho e-calcium ajwayelekile.

Lesi simo selashwa kanjani?

Njengamanje, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-SMM "ukulinda ngokuqaphela." Lokhu kuhilela odokotela abenza izivivinyo ezivamile zokuqapha amazinga e-M protein egazini lakho kanye namazinga amaseli e-plasma emnkantsheni wakho wethambo. Njengomlindi, baqaphile ukuze babone ukuthi lesi sifo siba sibi yini.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nengozi enkulu yokuthola i-multiple myeloma esebenzayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, abanye odokotela bangase batuse ukuqala ukwelashwa kwe-multiple myeloma kusenesikhathi. Uma une-multiple myeloma (MM), udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukukunikeza ulwazi kanye nezincomo zokwelashwa ozidingayo.

Ngingayinciphisa yini ingozi yokukhula (i-SMM)?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-(SMM).

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani no (SMM)?

Indlela lesi simo esithinta ngayo wonke umuntu ihlukile. Abanye abantu bangase babe naso kodwa bangalokothi babe ne-multiple myeloma. Abanye abantu bangaba ne-multiple myeloma ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni ngemva kokuxilongwa. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuphila ne-SMM, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ongayilindela. Bangabantu abangcono kakhulu ukukunikeza ulwazi oluthile.

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani ne-multiple myeloma?

Lokhu kuyinkinga nakubantu abaningi. Cishe abantu abangu-40% kuya ku-82% abane-multiple myeloma baphila iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa. Lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwesifo kanye nokusabela ekwelashweni.

Ngingayinakekela kanjani impilo yami?

Uma une-multiple myeloma, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa ngokushesha - noma nini. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uze uzohlolwa njalo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuhlola ukuthi isimo sakho sesishintshe saba yi-multiple myeloma. Ukuphila ne-multiple myeloma kungaba yinto ecindezelayo futhi ebangela ukukhathazeka . Ungase ucabange, “O, ngifisa sengathi ngingenza okuthile ngalokhu.” Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukuze unakekele impilo yakho iyonke:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Uma ungaqiniseki ngalokhu, thintana nochwepheshe wezokudla.
• Uma ubhema, sicela uzame ukuyeka.
• Phumula ngokwanele.
• Zivikele ezifweni. Buza udokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuvimbela izifo.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.Kodwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala bese ubuza ukuthi hlobo luni lokuzivocavoca olukufanele nokuthi kufanele ukwenze okungakanani. Akukuhle futhi ukwenza okuningi kakhulu.
• Naka impilo yakho yengqondo futhi. Uma uzizwa udangele noma ucindezelekile ngesimo sakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso. Qiniseka ukuthi uyabatshela, ikakhulukazi uma ukudabuka noma ukucindezeleka kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili noma kuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma unayo (i-SMM), nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Kungani lokhu kwenzeke kimi?
• Lokhu kuyithinta kanjani impilo yami yansuku zonke?
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-myeloma eminingi ikhule?
• Ingabe zikhona izimpawu ezithile ezingase zibonise i-multiple myeloma, futhi kufanele ngizazi?
• Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa kokuvimbela lesi simo (i-SMM) ukuthi singabi yi-multiple myeloma?

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM) yisimo sangaphambi kokuba nomdlavuza se-multiple myeloma (MM). Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu one-SMM ozoba ne-active multiple myeloma. Abantu abane-SMM bavame ukufuna ukwazi ukuthi bazoyithola yini i-active multiple myeloma, futhi uma kunjalo, nini. Lena imibuzo enzima kakhulu ukuyiphendula. Odokotela abanazo zonke izimpendulo okwamanje.

Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi ngokuhlela izinguquko ezakhiweni ezithile zofuzo, kungenzeka ukubikezela ngezinga elithile ukuthi (i-SMM) izokhula ibe yi-multiple myeloma, futhi uma kunjalo, nini.

Uma unalesi simo, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kukhona yini ulwazi olusha oluhlobene nesimo sakho. Bazokujabulela kakhulu ukukusiza. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho futhi uhlale uqinile engqondweni.

I- Myeloma Eningi Ebhemayo, i-SMM, i-Myeloma Eningi, umdlavuza, isifo segazi, umongo wamathambo, iphrotheni ye-M, umdlavuza wegazi, amaseli e-plasma