Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi uma uzama ukuhambisa ingalo noma umlenze, ngokuzumayo uba lukhuni njengokungathi ushaywe yidwala? Noma uzizwa sengathi imisipha yakho iyaqhaqhazela futhi ibuhlungu ngisho noma umile nje? Lesi yisimo abantu abaningi ababhekana naso, kodwa abazi kahle ukuthi siyini. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Spasticity. Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho konke kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Spasticity?
I-Spasticity iyisiphazamiso sesistimu esilawula ukunyakaza kwemisipha yethu. Cabanga ngakho, lapho sivame ukugoba ingalo, iqembu elilodwa lemisipha liyaqina (liyafinyela), kuyilapho elinye iqembu lemisipha liphumula. Kufana nokudonswa; lapho uhlangothi olulodwa ludonswa, olunye uhlangothi kufanele luphumule. Le nqubo ilawulwa uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi, oluyingqondo kanye nentambo yomgogodla (intambo yemizwa engaphakathi kwekholomu yomgogodla) .
Uma lesi simiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko sonakele ngesizathu esithile, uhlelo lwesignali kulezo misipha luyaphazamiseka. Okwenzekayo-ke ukuthi uma uzama ukuhambisa ingalo, imisipha okufanele iqine kanye nemisipha okufanele ikhululeke zombili ziyaqina ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukunyakaza, kubangela ukuqina kwemisipha, futhi kungabangela ubuhlungu.
Kwabanye, lesi simo singase sibe sincane, kube ukuqina kwemisipha kancane. Kwabanye, singaqhubekela esimweni lapho umlenze uba lukhuni kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukulawulwa, okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.
| Isici | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwanda kwethoni yemisipha (i-Hypertonia) | Ngisho noma umi nje, imisipha yakho iqinile futhi ayikhululekile. |
| Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha | Ukufinyela okungazelelwe, okungalawuleki kanye nokuqina kwemisipha. |
| I-Clonus | Uchungechunge lokushukuma okusheshayo, okufana nokuthuthumela ezindaweni ezifana namaqakala. |
| Ukuma Okungavamile | Izingalo nemilenze, njengezingalo, zigobile futhi zeluliwe ngezindlela ezingavamile. |
| Ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki | Ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukuqina kwemisipha kanye nokuqaqamba. |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Imisipha iyaqina futhi amalunga ayafinyela unomphela, njengokungathi enziwe ngamatshe, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke | Ubunzima bokwenza ngisho nemisebenzi elula njengokugqoka, ukugeza, noma ukudla wedwa. |
Ziyini izimbangela ze-spasticity?
Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukulimala okuthile ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi, okungukuthi, ubuchopho noma umgogodla. Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona zalo monakalo.
- Ukulimala komgogodla: Ukulimala komgogodla okubangelwe yingozi.
- I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Isifo esonakalisa imithambo yegazi.
- I-Cerebral Palsy: Isimo esibangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho ngesikhathi sobuntwana.
- Isifo sohlangothi: Ukulimala kwamangqamuzana obuchopho ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni.
- Ukulimala kobuchopho noma kwekhanda: Ukulimala ekhanda ngenxa yengozi.
- I-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Isifo esenza kancane kancane amangqamuzana ezinzwa alawula ukunyakaza.
- Ukuvaleka kwemisipha kungabangelwa nezinye izimo eziningana zofuzo.
Iphathwa kanjani i-spasticity?
Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha lesi simo. Nakuba i-spasticity ingelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze uphathe izimpawu, unciphise ubuhlungu, futhi wenze impilo yakho ibe lula.
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwelapha lokhu ukusebenzisana nethimba lodokotela elihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi, hhayi umuntu oyedwa kuphela. Leli qembu lingafaka phakathi udokotela wezinzwa, udokotela wezifo zomzimba, udokotela wezifo zomzimba, kanye nodokotela wezifo zomsebenzi.
Ukwelashwa okungekona ukuhlinzwa
Lezi izindlela zokwelapha zokuqala ezizosetshenziswa.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Lokhu kuhilela kakhulu ukuvivinya umzimba nokuqinisa imisipha eqinile, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kokuhamba nokuma.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Lokhu kuhilela ukuzivocavoca imisipha esezandleni zakho ukuze ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, njengokugqoka, ukugeza, nokupheka, wedwa.
- Ukwelashwa Ngenkulumo: Uma ukuqaqamba kwemisipha ebusweni bakho, emlonyeni, nasemphinjeni, lokhu kwelashwa kungakusiza unqobe ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya.
- Imithi: Kunemithi engasetshenziswa ukuphumuza imisipha. Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-`(Baclofen)`, `(Tizanidine)`, `(Diazepam)`. Kodwa-ke, lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela imiphumela emibi njengobuthongo kanye nobuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke , kubalulekile ukusebenzisa le mithi kuphela njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela.
Ukwelashwa ngomjovo we-Botox
Yebo, yileyo `(Botox®)` oyizwile. Lokhu akuyona nje indlela yokwelapha ubuhle, kodwa futhi kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yokuqaqamba kwemisipha. Okwenzayo lapha ukufaka lo mjovo ngqo emisipheni eqinile. Bese leyo misipha iphumula. Umphumela walokhu uhlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu.
Ukuhlinzwa (ukuhlinzwa)
Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa uma ukugula kukubi kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa nge-ITB: Lokhu kuhilela ukufakwa kwephampu encane ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesisu ngokuhlinzwa, ekhipha umthamo othize womuthi obizwa ngokuthi ``(Baclofen)`` ngqo oketshezini oluzungeze imizwa yomgogodla. Inemiphumela emibi embalwa kunokuwuphuza ngomlomo.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Dorsal Rhizotomy Ekhethiwe (SDR): Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kulokhu, kukhethwa izimpande zemizwa ezibangela inkinga bese zinqunywa. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuqina kwemilenze okukhulu.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kwamathambo: Ukuhlinzwa kokubuyisela amalunga kanye nemisipha eqine futhi eqinile ngenxa yokuqina kwemisipha.
Kufanele uye nini kudokotela?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Uma ngokuzumayo uzwa ukuqina kwemisipha nokudikiza kanje ngaphandle kwezinkinga zangaphambilini, kungaba uphawu lokulimala kobuchopho noma umgogodla, ngakho-ke bonana nodokotela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.Iya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) uma kudingeka.
Uma usuvele wazi ukuthi une-spasticity, khuluma nodokotela wakho uma kwenzeka izinto ezilandelayo:
- Uma ukuqina nokuqaqamba kwanda usuku nosuku.
- Uma ubuhlungu bukhula.
- Uma unenkinga enkulu yokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Spasticity yisimo lapho imisipha iqina futhi inyakaze ngokungalawuleki, okubangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho noma umgogodla.
- Ubunzima balokhu bungasukela ekungakhululeki okuncane kuya ebuhlungwini obukhulu obenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ingenzeki.
- Ungakhathazeki. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha eziphumelelayo, kusukela ekwelashweni ngokomzimba kuya ekuhlinzweni.
- Ngokukhuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha, ungakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma isimo sakho siba sibi kakhulu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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