Ingabe ingane yakho encane ayikakhulumi njengabanye abantwana abangontanga yayo? Noma ingabe inenkinga yokuphimisela amagama? Mhlawumbe umuntu omdala emndenini wakho unenkinga yokubhala amagama ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma ubona izinto ezinjengalezi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kukhona ukwelashwa okukhethekile okungasiza ngezinkinga eziningi zalezi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngokwelashwa ngenkulumo, noma 'Ukwelashwa Ngenkulumo'.
Kalula nje, kuyini Ukwelapha Ngenkulumo?
Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kuyindlela ekhethekile yokwelapha ekusiza wena noma ingane yakho ukuthi ikhulume kahle, isebenzise ulimi, iqonde okushiwo abanye, futhi iziveze ngokucacile . Njengoba nje uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngomzimba esisiza ngezinkinga zomzimba, i-SLP (SLP) iyasiza ngezinkinga zokukhuluma nokuxhumana. Sivame futhi ukubabiza ngokuthi ochwepheshe bezinkulumo.
Le ndlela yokwelapha ikusiza ukuthi uthole izivivinyo nemisebenzi efanele wena noma inkinga ethile yengane yakho. Abanye abantu bangase badinge usizo lokukhuluma kuphela. Abanye bangase badinge usizo lokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo.
Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kungathuthukisa izinto ezifana nalezi:
- Amakhono olimi asencane: Kusiza izingane ezincane, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, ukuthi zifunde ukukhuluma nokuxhumana.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezwi: Ukuqeqeshwa kokusebenzisa izwi elicacile nelifanele.
- Ukuqonda Ulimi: Kuthuthukisa ikhono lokuqonda amagama nemisho.
- Ukukhuluma kahle: Ikhono lokukhuluma kalula nangokushelela, ngaphandle kokungingiza.
- Ukucaca kanye nokuveza imizwa: Kuthuthukisa ikhono lokuveza lokho abafuna ukukusho kalula nangokucacile.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi mina noma ingane yami sidinga ukwelashwa kokukhuluma?
Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ninenkinga yokukhuluma noma yokuxhumana, uzoqala ngokuncoma ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzosiza ekutholeni imbangela eyisisekelo yenkinga.
Cabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokukhuluma. Udokotela angase aqale akuyalele ukuhlolwa kokuzwa . Angase akuthumele kudokotela wezindlebe. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kungaba yimbangela yokubambezeleka kokukhuluma. Uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ayinazo izinkinga zokuzwa, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wezokukhuluma.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho ngakho. Uzokuqondisa ngendlela efanele.
Yiziphi izimo eziphathwa ngokwelashwa kokukhuluma?
Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kungasiza noma ubani onenkinga yokukhuluma noma yolimi. Kunconywa futhi kulabo abanobunzima bokugwinya ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kunganikeza impumuzo ebalulekile kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aphasia | Laba bantu banenkinga yokufunda, ukubhala, ukukhuluma, nokuqonda ulimi. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka ngemva kokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi noma okunye ukulimala kobuchopho. |
| I-Apraxia | Ngisho noma laba bantu benokuthile abakushoyo engqondweni yabo, banenkinga yokuwakhipha amagama. Lokhu kungenxa yenkinga yokuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho nemisipha yomlomo. |
| Isifo Sokukhuluma | Ukungakwazi ukuphimisela imisindo ethile ngendlela efanele. Isibonelo, ukusho 'ಲ' esikhundleni senhlamvu ethi 'ರ', noma ukusebenzisa umsindo othi 'ತ' esikhundleni sika-'ಸ'. |
| Izinkinga Zokuxhumana Nokucabanga | Uma ingxenye yobuchopho elawula ukucabanga yonakele, kuba nzima ukuxhumana. Lokhu kuthinta izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ukunaka, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga. |
| I-Dysarthria | Ukukhuluma kuyashesha noma kuyadida uma imisipha emlonyeni ibuthakathaka. Kungabangelwa izifo zesimiso sezinzwa ezifana nesifo sohlangothi, i-multiple sclerosis (MS), kanye ne-ALS. |
| Ukuphazamiseka Kokukhuluma | Ubunzima bokubeka imicabango ngamazwi. Ukungakwazi ukusho ngqo lokho okufunayo. |
| Ukuphazamiseka Kokukhuluma Okukhulu | Ukuphazamiseka kwesivinini, isigqi, kanye nokugeleza kwenkulumo. Ukungingiza kuyisimo salolu hlobo. Kuhlanganisa nokukhuluma ngokushesha kakhulu, amagama enamathele ndawonye (ukuxinana). |
| Izinkinga Zokwamukela | Ubunzima bokuqonda noma ukuqonda okushiwo abanye, ulwazimagama olulinganiselwe, kanye nobunzima bokulandela imiyalelo elula. |
| Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Resonance | Ukushintsha kwezwi ngenxa yenkinga emlonyeni noma emigodini yamakhala evimbela ukuhamba komoya. Lesi simo singabangelwa izinto ezifana ne-cleft palate noma ama-tonsils avuvukele. |
Ingabe ikhona iminyaka engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ngenkulumo?
Ngamafuphi, cha . Noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala odinga usizo ngamakhono okukhuluma noma olimi angazuza ekwelashweni kwenkulumo. Ayikho iminyaka engcono kakhulu noma emibi kakhulu ngayo.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi uma lokhu kwelashwa kuqalwa ngokushesha, imiphumela iba mihle, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni . Futhi, uma abazali belandela imiyalelo yomelaphi futhi benza imisebenzi efanayo ekhaya nengane yabo, intuthuko yengane izoshesha kakhulu. Ngisho nakubantu abadala, ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha nje lapho inkinga itholakala kungabasiza ukuba balulame ngokushesha.
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyenziwayo ekwelapheni inkulumo?
Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngobudala besiguli kanye nohlobo lwenkinga. Ezinganeni ezincane, lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokudlala. Amathoyizi, izithombe, imidlalo yebhodi, njll. asetshenziswa ukuze angezwakali sengathi kuwukwelapha.
Kwabantu abadala, izivivinyo ezihloselwe ukwakha kabusha noma ukuthuthukisa ikhono elithile zivame ukwenziwa.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- Ukuzivocavoca ngolimi nomlomo: Udokotela wezifo zengqondo uzokufundisa ukuzivocavoca okuhlukahlukene kanye nokunyakaza okuzosiza ukuqinisa imisipha yomlomo nolimi. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuqeqesha ulimi lwakho ukuthi luhambe ngendlela efanele.
- Ukubonakaliswa kobuso: Amakhono okunyakaza komzimba angathuthukiswa ngokulawula ukubonakaliswa kobuso. Isibonelo, ukuzijwayeza ukumamatheka, ukusunduza izindebe, bese ukhulula ubuso.
- Ukufunda ngokuzwakalayo: Uma unenkinga yokunyakaza komlomo nolimi lwakho kahle, ukufunda izincwadi ngokuzwakalayo kungaqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho bakho nomlomo.
- Imidlalo yamagama: Izifundo zibonise ukuthi imidlalo yememori, njengokusesha amagama kanye namaphazili e-crossword, ingathuthukisa amakhono okuqonda kanye namakhono okucabanga.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokwelapha ngenkulumo?
Ukwelapha ngenkulumo kuyindlela yokwelapha eqinisekisiwe esize izigidi zabantu ukuthuthukisa amakhono abo olimi nokuxhumana. Ezinye zezinzuzo zifaka:
- Ukuzethemba okukhulu: Uma ukwazi ukukhuluma ngokucacile, uthola ukuzethemba kuwe.
- Ukuzimela okwengeziwe: Ukukwazi ukufakazela izidingo zakho kuyinto enhle kakhulu.
- Ikhono elithuthukisiwe lokuveza nokuqonda imibono: Uzokwazi ukuveza imicabango nemizwa yakho ngokunembile, futhi uqonde ukuthi abanye bathini.
- Ukulungiselela izingane ezincane isikole: Ukuthuthukisa amakhono okukhuluma ngaphambi kwesikole kuwusizo olukhulu emfundweni yengane.
- Ikhwalithi yezwi ekhuphukile.
- Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokugwinya ukudla.
- Ukuthuthuka okuphelele kwekhwalithi yokuphila.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa?
Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo. Kuhlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Ezinye izinkinga zokukhuluma ziyathuthuka kancane ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ezinye izimo zingadinga iminyaka yokwelashwa. Futhi, uma inkinga ibangelwa yisimo sezokwelapha, ukukhuluma kungathuthuka njengoba isimo siphela.
Isikhathi esithathayo sokwelashwa sincike ezintweni ezifana nalezi:
- iminyaka yakho
- Uhlobo lwephutha lokukhuluma
- Ubukhulu benkinga
- Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze welapheke kwesinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo
- Indlela ohlanganyela ngayo ekwelashweni ngentshiseko nangendlela ovame ngayo
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma unenkinga yokukhuluma, ukulalela abanye, noma ukuxhumana, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga ngolimi noma ukuqonda amagama, ungalibali.
Izimpawu ezivamile zokuxwayisa ukuthi ingane ingaba nenkinga yokuxhumana zifaka:
- Ukukhuluma kancane noma kaningi kunokujwayelekile.
- Ukubonisa ubunzima bokusebenzisa ulimi noma amagama.
- Ubunzima bokuqonda imisho elula.
- Ukucasuka kalula ngenkathi ufunda, ulalele, noma ukhuluma.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninenkinga yokuxhumana, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokubonana nodokotela wezifo zokukhuluma ukuze ahlole isimo sakho. Lokhu kwelashwa kudinga isikhathi, umzamo, kanye nokuzijwayeza. Ngokubekezela nokwelashwa, nawe ungaphila impilo eqinisekile nesezingeni eliphezulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokukhuluma noma ukubambezeleka, ungesabi, kodwa qala uthintane nodokotela womndeni wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko.
- Ukwelapha ngenkulumo kuyindlela yokwelapha efakazelwe ezuzisa izingane kanye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo.
- Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha nje lapho inkinga itholakala kungaletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
- Lokhu akuyona into ezoletha imiphumela esheshayo. Ukubekezela, ukuzinikela, nokulandela imiyalelo yomelaphi ngokucophelela kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ngaphezu kwezinto ozenzayo esikhungweni sokwelapha, ungasheshisa nenqubo yokuphulukiswa ngokuzibandakanya kulezo zinto ekhaya.
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