Udinga usizo ngezinkinga zakho zokukhuluma nokugwinya? Ake sifunde ngoDokotela Wezifo Zolimi Lokukhuluma!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esingabaluleka kubantu abaningi. Leso yi-Speech-Language Pathologists . Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa leli gama, noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa libizwa ngokuthi 'Speech Therapist'. Bangobani laba bantu? Benzani? Ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula.

Ubani lo chwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi?

Kalula nje, uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi uchwepheshe oxilonga futhi elapha noma yiziphi izinkinga ongase ube nazo ngokukhuluma, ukuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo, noma ukugwinya . Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, laba ngabantu abanolwazi olujulile ngezinkinga zokukhuluma, ulimi, izwi, kanye nokugwinya.

Cabanga nje, noma ubani kusukela kosana olusanda kuzalwa kuya kolukhulile angadinga usizo kulaba bantu. Abanye abantwana abancane bayephuza ukukhuluma noma banenkinga yokuqonda okushiwoyo. Basiza nabantu abanenkinga yokukhuluma ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho, umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo, noma isimo sezinzwa.

Ngokuvamile, igama elithi 'Speech-Language Pathologist' (SLP) linembile futhi lifanelekile kunegama elithi 'Speech Therapist', njengoba laba ochwepheshe besebenzisa ukwelashwa kwenkulumo ukusiza abantu abanezinkinga zokuxhumana nokugwinya.

Yini eyenziwa yisazi sokukhuluma nolimi?

Manje ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izimo eziphathwa yilaba belaphi bezinkulumo nolimi. Lolu uhlu olude, kodwa ngizokugcina kulula ukuze uqonde.

• Ukuphazamiseka kokuphimisa amagama: Lokhu kubhekisela enkingeni yokuphimisa amagama ngokucacile lapho ukhuluma, okusho ukuthi kunzima ukusebenzisa kahle imisipha edingekayo ukukhiqiza imisindo. Isibonelo, abanye abantu banenkinga yokuphimisa uhlamvu 'r', noma benza umsindo ohlukile esikhundleni sika-'l'. Izinto ezinjalo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuxhumana kwengqondo: Lezi yizinkinga lapho ukuxhumana kuphazamiseka khona ngenxa yezinkinga zokusebenza kobuchopho. Isibonelo, ubunzima bokunaka, ukuhlela imicabango, noma ukukhumbula izinto.
• Ukuphazamiseka kolimi: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ubunzima bokufunda amagama, imisho, noma izindaba, nokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo. Kungaba nzima futhi ukuveza imicabango yakho ngendlela abanye abangayiqonda. Isibonelo, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Aphasia)` (ikhono lokukhubazeka kokusebenzisa ulimi ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho) siwela kulesi sigaba.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezwi: Kulokhu, nakuba imisipha ekhiqiza inkulumo ikwazi ukukhiqiza imisindo ngendlela efanele, imisindo evelayo ayilandeli imithetho yokukhuluma. Kalula nje, imisindo emazwini ayiveli ngokulandelana okufanele, noma eminye imisindo ayifakwanga.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-resonance: Lezi yizimo ezithinta indlela umsindo ohamba ngayo emlonyeni, ekhaleni, nasemphinjeni lapho ukhuluma. Isibonelo, umuntu one-cleft palate angase abe nezwi elihoshozelayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-cleft palate ishintsha indlela amaza omsindo adlidliza ngayo.
• Izinkinga zokuxhumana nabantu: Lezi yizinkinga zokuxhumana nokushintshana ngemibono nabanye emphakathini. Bangase babe nobunzima bokuqonda izinkomba zokuxhumana ezibasiza ukuba baqonde futhi baxhumane nabanye. Isibonelo, lapho abantu ababili bekhuluma, bayashintshana ngokukhuluma futhi balalele lokho omunye umuntu akushoyo.
• Ukukhubazeka kokukhuluma: Lezi yizimo ezenza kube nzima ukukhuluma futhi zenze abanye baqonde okushoyo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukukhubazeka kokukhuluma ebuntwaneni, ukungingiza, ukubopha ulimi/i-ankyloglossia, kanye ne-dysarthria.
• Izinkinga zokugwinya (i-Dysphagia): Izimo ezenza kube nzima ukugwinya ukudla, isiphuzo, noma ngisho namaphilisi ngokuphepha. Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu, njengoba kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu uma ukudla noma isiphuzo sibhajwa endleleni yokuphefumula.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezwi (`Ukuphazamiseka kwezwi / i-Dysphonia`): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izintambo zezwi zithinteka futhi kuba nzima ukukhiqiza umsindo. Isibonelo, izinkinga ngokusebenza kwezintambo zezwi (`ukungasebenzi kahle kwentambo yezwi`), izilonda zentambo yezwi (`izilonda zentambo yezwi`), kanye nokukhubazeka kwentambo yezwi (`ukukhubazeka kwentambo yezwi`).

Abelaphi bezinkulumo kanye nolimi ngezinye izikhathi basiza abantu abayizithulu nabangezwa kahle ukuthi bakhulume kahle. Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lokwelashwa luvame ukunikezwa odokotela bemisindo.

Kufanele sihlangane nini?

Kulungile, manje cishe uzibuza, "Ingabe mina, noma ingane yami, noma ilungu lomndeni, sidinga ukubona udokotela onjengalona?" Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela wakho womndeni (` Primary Care Physician` - PCP) noma udokotela wakho ojwayelekile angakudlulisela kudokotela okhulumayo nolimi (`SLP`). Noma, uma usola ukuthi wena noma othile oseduze nawe unenkinga efana nale, ungaya kudokotela onjalo wena ngokwakho.

Ukusebenza nochwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi kungakusiza:

• Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza indaba yakho ?
• Ungathuthukisa ikhono lakho lokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo nokuveza imibono yakho.
• Nabanye emphakathiniKuyasiza ukuxhumana kangcono.
• Kusiza labo abanekhono lokukhuluma elilinganiselwe, noma labo abangakwazi nhlobo ukukhuluma, ukuthola izindlela ezintsha zokuxhumana .
• Ungazijwayeza ukugwinya ukudla ngokuphephile .

Yiziphi izinto ezikhethekile abazikhethele zona?

Abelaphi bezinkulumo kanye nolimi nabo bangochwepheshe ezindaweni ezithile. Bangase babe nezitifiketi ezikhethekile ezindaweni ezifana nalezi:

• Izinkinga zolimi lwezingane: Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ulwazi ngezinkinga ezihlobene nolimi ezinganeni ezincane.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokukhuluma kahle: Izinkinga ezithinta ukukhuluma kahle, njengokungingiza.
• Izinkinga zokugwinya: Ulwazi olujulile mayelana nobunzima bokugwinya.

Basebenza kuphi laba bantu?

Laba belaphi bezinkulumo nolimi basebenza ezindaweni ezahlukene. Isibonelo, abanye basebenza ezikoleni ezinezingane ezinezinkinga zokukhula. Abanye basebenza ezibhedlela zabantu abadala abanezinkinga zezinzwa. Basebenza nasezindaweni ezifana nalezi:

• Izindawo zokuhlala ezisizayo
• Kwezinye izinhlangano (`Izilungiselelo zezinkampani`)
• Izisekelo zempi
• Izikhungo noma imitholampilo yangasese
• Izikhungo zokuvuselela
• Izikhungo zokunakekela abahlengikazi abanekhono/izindawo zokunakekela zesikhathi eside

Uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi umsiza kanjani umntwana omncane?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi (i-SLP) angasiza kanjani ingane encane. Bavame ukwelapha izinkinga zokukhuluma (izinkinga zokukhuluma ebuntwaneni) ezenzeka ezinganeni ezincane.

• Zisiza izingane ukuthi zicubungule imisindo namagama ngendlela efanele . Isibonelo, ezinye izingane zithi 'chachcha' uma zithi 'baba', noma 'tapattu' esikhundleni sokuthi 'izicathulo'. Zizisiza ukuthi zilungise lezi zinto.
• Kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lokuqonda nokusebenzisa ulimi. Okungukuthi, ukuqonda okushiwo abanye, ukusho okufunayo, ukubuza imibuzo, ukuxoxa izindaba, njll.
• Zisiza futhi ekuthuthukiseni amakhono olimi adingekayo ukuze kukhulunywe ezindaweni zokuxhumana nabantu, njengasebangani nasesikoleni. Isibonelo, indlela yokukhuluma nabanye ngenkathi udlala, kanye nendlela yokulinda ithuba lakho.

Futhi, uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokugwinya ukudla neziphuzo, udokotela wezifo zokukhuluma nolimi angasiza ngalokho. Isibonelo, ezinye izingane ezincane ziyaminyana lapho ziphuza ubisi, noma zikhwehlela lapho zidla. Zingathola imbangela yalezi zinto futhi zizifundise ukuthi zigwinye kanjani kahle. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba uma zingakwazi ukugwinya kahle, izinto ezifana nezinkinga zokudla kanye nokutheleleka kwamaphaphu zingavela.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ukuxhumana kubalulekile kithi sonke ukuze siphile njengabantu. Akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi siyakhohlwa ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukukhuluma nokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo. Kodwa-ke, kuphela lapho lokhu kuxhumana kuphazanyiswa ngesizathu esithile lapho ukubaluleka kwako kugcwaliseka khona.

Yilapho-ke sidinga khona usizo lochwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi (SLP).

Laba bangochwepheshe abangakwazi ukwelapha izinkinga eziningi zokukhuluma, ulimi, kanye nezwi. Akukhona lokho kuphela, bangasiza nasekugwinyeni ubunzima.

Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi wena, ingane yakho, noma othile emndenini wakho angaba nenkinga efana nale, ungangabazi ukufuna usizo kuchwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi. Ukuhlonza nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yakho. Khumbula, wonke umuntu unelungelo lokukhuluma ngokucacile nokugwinya ngokuphephile .

Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo , ukwelashwa ngolimi, ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo, ubunzima bokugwinya, izinkinga zokuxhumana, ukuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo yengane, ukwelashwa ngenkulumo