Ingabe othile emndenini wakho, mhlawumbe ubaba wakho, umama wakho, noma othile omaziyo, unesifo sikaParkinson? Uma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi nawe uke wabhekana nalokhu. Ingabe izwi lomuntu owayevame ukukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo nangokucacile manje lizwakala lithule futhi lididekile? Ingabe uzithola ukhuluma amazwi akho uma ukhuluma, noma ubonakala ungakwazi ukusho lokho ozama ukukusho? Empeleni lesi yisimo esivamile abantu abaningi abanesifo sikaParkinson ababhekana naso. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze silawule lesi simo futhi senze ukuxhumana kube lula. Ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe.
Kungani kunzima ukukhuluma ngesifo sikaParkinson?
Kalula nje, isifo sikaParkinson sithinta amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukulawula ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu. Lokhu kuthinta imisipha emincane edingekayo ukuze sihambe, sinyakazise izitho zethu, futhi sikhulume.
Cabanga nje, zingaki izinto okumele zenzeke ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenkathi sikhuluma.
- Ukuphefumula kufanele kuphume emaphashini.
- Izintambo zezwi emphinjeni kumele zidlidlize kahle.
- Ulimi, izindebe, kanye nolwanga olungaphezulu lomlomo kumele kuhambe kahle ukuze kwakhiwe amagama.
Isifo sikaParkinson sibangela imisipha nezinzwa ezihilelekile kule nqubo ukuthi zilahlekelwe ukuhambisana. Kufana ne-orchestra ehlelwe kahle edlala inothi ngalinye ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yingakho kunezinguquko ezwini nasenkulumweni. Kwezokwelapha, siphinde sibize lesi simo ngokuthi i-dysarthria .
Yiziphi izinkinga ezivamile eziphakama phakathi nale ngxoxo?
Umuntu onesifo sikaParkinson angaba nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nazo zonke lezi zimpawu. Kodwa kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezivamile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Inkinga/Isibonakaliso | Ukuchaza kalula... |
|---|---|
| Ukuzwa amazwi kancane | Angikwazi ukukhuluma kakhulu njengoba ngangivame ukwenza. Kufanele ngibuze abanye, "Nithini?" ngokuphindaphindiwe. |
| Ukulahlekelwa kwephimbo lezwi (i-Monotone) | Kufana nerobhothi elikhulumayo, izwi lizwakala licacile futhi lingenamizwa. Kunzima ukuqonda imizwa efana nenjabulo nosizi ezwini. |
| Izwi elihoshozelayo/elinomsindo | Kungase kube nokushoshozela ezwini, njengokungathi umphimbo uvalwe yi-mucus, noma njengokungathi othile ucindezela umphimbo. |
| Ukuphefumula | Uma ukhuluma, kuzwakala sengathi uphefumula kanzima ngala mazwi. Ngemva kokukhuluma isikhashana, uzizwa sengathi "uphelelwe umoya." |
| Ukudideka/ukungacaci kwamagama | Kuba nzima ukubiza izinhlamvu namagama ngendlela efanele. Kunzima ngomlaleli ukuwabona kahle amagama. |
| Ekhuluma ngokushesha, ephula amagama abe yizicucu ezincane | Ngezinye izikhathi indaba ishesha ngokuzumayo futhi amagama angaphuma sengathi anamathelene. |
| Ukuthuthumela | Ngaphezu kwezitho ezithuthumelayo, abanye abantu bangase babe nezwi elithuthumelayo lapho bekhuluma. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinguquko zenzeka kancane kancane, isiguli singase singaqapheli ukuthi kube noshintsho ezwini laso. Kodwa-ke, umndeni nabangane bangalubona ngokucacile ushintsho.
Ngingathola usizo kubani ngalokhu?
Uma unezinkinga ezinjalo, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Angase akuthumele kudokotela wezifo zokukhuluma, ochwepheshe kule ndawo.
Uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma angasiza kanjani?
Umeluleki wezokukhuluma ufana nomqeqeshi wezwi lakho nokukhuluma kwakho. Bazohlola isimo sakho futhi bakusize ngendlela ekufanele.
- Uzofundiswa izivivinyo ezikhethekile ezizokusiza ukuthi ugcine izwi lakho lizwakala futhi licacile.
- Bazijwayeza izindlela zokuveza imibono ngokucacile ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu lapho bekhuluma.
- Sikufundisa ngamadivayisi asiza ukwenza ukuxhumana kube lula.
- Uma kukhona ubunzima bokugwinya (sizoxoxa ngalokhu kamuva), lokho kuzokwelashwa.
Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezenzelwe lokhu ngqo. Isibonelo, i-Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yokwandisa ivolumu yezwi ezigulini zikaParkinson.
Izinto ongazenza ukuze wenze ukuxhumana kube lula
Ngesikhathi ubonana nodokotela wezifo zokukhuluma, ungenza nezinto ezincane empilweni yakho yansuku zonke ukuze kube lula ukuxhumana.
- Khetha indawo ethule: Ngaphambi kokukhuluma nothile, cisha noma yimaphi amadivayisi akhipha umsindo ekhaya, njenge-TV noma umsakazo, isikhashana. Uma ungaphandle, khetha indawo ethule, engenabantu abaningi.
- Khuluma kancane nangokucacile: Ungazami ukusho amagama amaningi kakhulu ngokuphefumula kanye. Shaya igama elilodwa noma amabili ngokuphefumula kanye. Shiya ikhefu elifushane phakathi kwemisho.
- Khuluma ubuso nobuso: Bheka umuntu okhuluma naye ebusweni uma ukhuluma. Khuluma endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula komunye umuntu ukuqonda lokho okushoyo ngokubheka indlela izindebe zakho ezihamba ngayo kanye nesimo sobuso bakho.
- Sebenzisa imisho emifushane: Esikhundleni semisho emide, veza imibono yakho ngemisho elula nemifushane.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Umphimbo owomile ungenza kube nzima ukukhuluma. Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke. Kodwa gwema i-caffeine (itiye, ikhofi) notshwala . Kungawuqeda amanzi emzimbeni.
- Gcina ukuma okuhle: Uma uhleli esihlalweni, gcina umhlane wakho uqondile nesilevu sakho siphakanyisiwe kancane. Lokhu kuvumela ukugeleza komoya osuka emaphashini akho ukuthi kufinyelele ezinhlotsheni zakho zezwi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa.
- Phumula uma uzizwa ukhathele: Kuba nzima kakhulu ukukhuluma uma ukhathele. Nika izwi lakho ikhefu usuku lonke. Phumula ngaphambi kokushaya ucingo olubalulekile noma ukukhuluma nothile.
Uma kunzima ukukubeka ngamazwi, zama lezi zinto
Ngezinye izinsuku, ukukhuluma kungaba nzima kakhulu. Ungesabi ngezikhathi ezinjalo, bese usebenzisa ezinye izindlela ezifana nalezi.
- Bhala: Hlala ugcina incwadi encane yokubhala kanye nepeni eduze. Uma kukhona okunzima ukukusho, kubhale phansi.
- Ibhodi Lamagama: Uma unenkinga yokubhala izinhlamvu, gcina ibhodi lamagama eduze. Khomba uhlamvu lokuqala lwamagama ngomunwe wakho.
- Sebenzisa izimpawu nezimpawu: Sebenzisa izandla zakho ukukhombisa izinto ezilula njengokuthi "woza," "hamba," kanye nokuthi "yeka."
- Sebenzisa amagama amafushane: Esikhundleni sokusho umusho ogcwele njengokuthi "Ngifuna ingilazi yamanzi," vele usho amagama abalulekile njengokuthi "Ngidinga amanzi."
- Amadivayisi okusiza:Amadivayisi anjenge- amplifier encane ekhulisa ivolumu yezwi lakho angasetshenziswa. Buza uchwepheshe wakho wezokukhuluma ngalokhu.
Umndeni nabangane bangasiza kanjani?
Kanye nesiguli, wena, oxhumana naye, ungenza lolu hambo lube lula.
- Yiba nesineke: Ungamjahi umuntu okhuluma naye. Mnike isikhathi sokucabanga nokubhala amagama akhe.
- Naka: Ungenzi lutho olunye ngesikhathi ekhuluma, bheka nje ubuso bakhe bese ulalela ngokucophelela.
- Buza imibuzo engaphendulwa ngo-"yebo" noma "cha": Kulula ukuphendula ngokuthi "Ufuna ilayisi?" kunokuthi "Ufunani esidlweni sakusihlwa?"
- Phindaphinda lokho okuqondile: Uma uqonde ingxenye yomusho kuphela, buza into efana nokuthi, "Uthe ufuna ukukhuphukela phezulu uyolanda... ini?" Ngaleyo ndlela, ngeke kudingeke baphinde umusho wonke.
- Ungaqageli: Ungazami ukuqagela ukuthi bazothini bese uzama ukuqedela imisho yabo. Lokho kungabenza bangakhululeki nakakhulu.
Ukulungiselela isimo esiphuthumayo
Uma umuntu eyedwa futhi kunzima ukukhuluma naye, kufanele kube nendlela yokucela usizo uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Insimbi noma i-buzzer: Gcina insimbi noma i-buzzer iseduze ukuze ukwazi ukuyishaya uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Ukudayela Okusheshayo: Gcina izinombolo zocingo zezinsizakalo zomndeni neziphuthumayo ku-dayela okusheshayo.
- Insizakalo yenkinobho ye-Life Call: Lawa amadivayisi amancane agqokwa entanyeni noma esihlakaleni. Uma ucindezela inkinobho uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo, izokwazisa ucingo losizo noma umndeni wakho. Bheka lolu hlobo lwensizakalo.
Qaphela ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia)
Kanye nobunzima bokukhuluma, enye inkinga evamile ehlotshaniswa nesifo sikaParkinson ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia) . Lokhu kubhekisela ebunzima bokugwinya ukudla, isiphuzo kanye namathe.
Isexwayiso: Ubunzima bokugwinya akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Uma ukudla noma isiphuzo kungena emphinjeni, kungabangela izifo ezinkulu njenge- aspiration pneumonia . Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukuminyana, noma ukuvuza amathe ngenkathi udla, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Abelaphi benkulumo nabo bangayilapha le nto.
Ukuphila nesifo sikaParkinson kungaba yinselele. Kodwa-ke, ngolwazi olufanele, ukwelashwa, kanye nokusekelwa okuvela kwabathandekayo, lezi zinselele zinganqotshwa kakhulu. Ukuxhumana kuyibhuloho elisixhumanisa nabanye. Lawa macebiso azokusiza ukuthi ugcine lelo bhuloho liqinile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma ngenxa yesifo sikaParkinson buvame kakhulu. Akuyona into yokuhlazeka.
- Udokotela wezifo zokukhuluma othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ngalokhu angaba usizo olukhulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu kuqala.
- Izinguquko ezilula njengokukhuluma kancane, ngokucacile, kanye nokukhuluma ubuso nobuso endaweni ethule kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekukhulumisaneni.
- Isineke, ukunakwa, kanye nokusekelwa umndeni nabangane kuyimbangela enkulu yamandla engqondo esigulini.
- Uma unenkinga yokugwinya, ungakushayi indiva. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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