Wake wasonta ingalo noma umlenze waphuka ithambo? Ake sifunde ngalokhu 'kuqhekeka komoya' okuyingozi!

O Nkulunkulu wami, ake ucabange ukube ubudlala ibhola noma wehla izitebhisi bese umlenze wakho uphenduka ngendlela exakile, okubangela ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki futhi okwenza kube nzima ukuhambisa ingalo noma umlenze wakho! Uma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wahlushwa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuphuka komgogodla." Lolu uhlobo lokuphuka olubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe, njengokungathi utshela umngane.

Kuyini lokhu kuphuka okujikelezayo?

Kalula nje, ukuphuka okujikelezayo kuwukuphuka emzimbeni wakho okwenzeka lapho ithambo liphulwa ngamandla ajikelezayo . Kufana nesikulufu sokusika i-cork sivula i-cork. Ukuphuka kusakazeka eduze kwethambo ngendlela ejikelezayo, noma indilinga. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi " ukuphuka okuphelele" . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ithambo liphukile ngokuphelele laba yizicucu ezimbili.

Ukuze uqonde lokhu kangcono, cabanga ngale ndlela: Uma ucindezela indwangu emanzi, iyajika phakathi, akunjalo? Yileyo ndlela ukuphuka okunje okwenzeka ngayo lapho ithambo lihlaselwa amandla okujika.

Lokhu kungenzeka kuluphi uhlobo lwamathambo?

Ukuphuka kwemisipha ngokuvamile kuthinta amathambo amade emzimbeni wethu. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ithambo lethanga (i-femur)
• Ithambo lesifuba (`iTibia`)
• Elinye ithambo elincane elingaphandle kwethambo lomlenze (`Fibula`)
• Ithambo endaweni yeqakala (`Talus`)
• Ithambo elisuka ehlombe lethu liye endololwaneni yethu (`I-Humerus`)
• Amathambo engalweni (`Irediyasi` kanye ne`Ulna`)
• Amathambo amancane eminweni nasezinzwaneni (`Phalanges` kanye `Metacarpals`)

Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kanje, kuvame ukuhlinzwa. Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwethambo eliphukile kanye nembangela. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga eziningana ukuze kuphulukiswe ngokuphelele.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuphuka okujikelezayo nokuphuka 'kwe-greenstick'?

Lezi zombili izinhlobo zokuphuka kwamathambo, kodwa zinezici ezahlukene. Kudokotela, la magama akutshela ukuthi ithambo liphukile kanjani, ukuthi likuphi, nokuthi libukeka kanjani ngaphakathi emzimbeni.

• Ukuphuka kwe-spiral kuwukuphuka kwethambo okwakha izitebhisi ezijikelezayo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ithambo lihlaselwa ngamandla amakhulu okujikijela ngenxa yokuwa, izingozi, noma ukulimala kwezemidlalo. Cabanga ngakho njengomuntu obamba umlenze wakho awujikijele ngenkathi udlala i-rugby.
• Ukuphuka kwe-'Greenstick' kwenzeka lapho ithambo ligoba futhi linesikhala esincane kulo, kodwa aliphuki ngokuphelele libe yizicucu ezimbili. Wake wazama ukuphula induku eluhlaza, okungukuthi, induku ethambile, ngezandla zakho? Ayiphuki kahle ibe yizicucu ezimbili njengenduku eyomile, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzekayo. Lokhu kuphuka kwe-'Greenstick' kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.

Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubiza ini, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ulimala bese uyahlolwa.

Kuyini ukuhlobana phakathi kwalokhu 'nokuqhekeka kwengane encane' okwenzeka ezinganeni ezincane?

'Ukuqhekeka Kwengane Encane' empeleni kuyingxenye ye-'Ukuqhekeka Komoya'. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu. Njengakwezinye izinhlobo zokuqhekeka komoya, kubangelwa amandla okusonta, kodwa kuvame ukuthinta ithambo lesinqe (i-'Tibia') . Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungenzeka lapho ingane ikhubeka futhi iwe ngenkathi ihamba noma igijima.

Zivame kangakanani lezi ziqhekeko ezijikelezayo?

Ukuphuka kwemisipha empeleni akuvamile kangako. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa izingozi ezinkulu kanye nokulimala, ngakho-ke akuvamile kangako kunezinye izinhlobo zokuphuka kwemisipha.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuba nalezi zinhlobo zokuphuka kwamathambo?

Noma ubani angaphuka ithambo, futhi ukuphuka kwe-spiral kungenzeka kunoma ubani. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa izingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma uwa njalo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nalolu hlobo lokuphuka kwethambo. Futhi, abantu abane -osteoporosis basengozini enkulu yazo zonke izinhlobo zokuphuka kwethambo, okuhlanganisa nokuphuka kwethambo.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka kwe-spiral?

Lolu hlobo lokuphuka luvame ukukhombisa izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu
• Ukuvuvukala
• Ububele uma buthintwa
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba evame ukushukunyiswa
• Ukuphuka noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba
• Kuyabonakala ukubukeka okukhubazekile noma iqhubu elingavamile kuleyo ndawo.

Ayini amakhefu 'Avuliwe' kanye 'Avaliwe'?

Udokotela wakho uzohlukanisa ukwaphuka kwakho ngokuthi 'kuvuliwe' noma 'kuvaliwe'.

• Uma uqhekekile , ithambo lakho liyaphuka esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola, futhi kunengozi enkulu yokutheleleka nezinye izinkinga.
• Uma ithambo liphukile , ithambo liyaphuka kodwa aliphuki esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuseyinto enkulu, kodwa ingozi yezinkinga iphansi kune-break evulekile.

Kuyini ukuphuka 'okungasekho'?

Amagama athi 'Displaced' noma 'non-displaced' udokotela wakho azowasebenzisa ukuchaza ukwaphuka kwakho.

• Ukuphuka okuphukile kwenzeka lapho izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile zisuswa, okushiya isikhala esizungeze ukuphuka.
• Uma ithambo lingaphumi endaweni yalo, lisuke lisaphukile, kodwa izingcezu azikasuki kakhulu endaweni yalo.

Ukuphuka kwamathambo okulahlekile kuvame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa.

Yini ebangela lokhu kuphuka kwemisipha ejikelezayo?

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokushaya olubangela ukusonteka kwethambo lungabangela lolu hlobo lokuphuka. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho ingalo yakho, umlenze, noma umzimba wakho ukhishwa ngokuzumayo endaweni yawo evamile. Ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukuwa (isb., ukuwa phansi ezitebhisini, usuka endaweni ephakeme)
• Izingozi zezimoto
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo (isb., ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo, i-rugby, i-basketball)
• Izingozi zasemsebenzini

Cabanga nje uma othile eshelela ashaye isandla sakhe phansi bese ejika umzimba wakhe uye kolunye uhlangothi, ithambo esandleni sakhe lingaphuka kanje.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani ngokunembile ukuphuka kwe-spiral?

Udokotela uzoqala ngokukuhlolela ngokomzimba . Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokuyala ukuhlolwa okuningana kwezithombe .

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kungenziwa:

• I-X-ray: I-X-ray ingabonisa ngqo ukuthi kukhona ukuphuka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyindilinga noma olunye uhlobo, nokuthi umonakalo ongakanani owenziwe.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-magnetic resonance (MRI): Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi kwenziwe i-MRI scan. Lokhu kungakunikeza isithombe esiphelele somonakalo emathanjeni nasezicutshini ezizungezile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo emisipheni, ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo, nasezithweni zomzimba.
• I-CT scan: Uma udinga ukuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo kuzodingeka azi kahle ukuthi umonakalo ongakanani owenzekile emathanjeni akho. I-CT scan ingathatha isithombe esinemininingwane eminingi ngamathambo akho nezicubu ezizungezile kune-X-ray.

Iphathwa kanjani i-spiral fracture?

Ukwelashwa kokuphuka kwe-spiral yakho kuncike ebunzimeni bokuphuka kokuqala kanye nohlobo lwethambo elaphukile. Amathambo aphukile kudingeka alulame futhi aphinde ahlangane. Kuye ngokuthi onakele kangakanani nokuthi yini ebangele ukuphuka, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukene.

Ukungasebenzi kahle

Uma ukwaphuka kwakho kungekubi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi izingcezu zamathambo aziqhelelene kakhulu (`ezingekho endaweni yazo`), ungase ukwazi ukululama nge -splint noma i-cast kuphela. I-splint ivame ukuhlala cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwamahlanu. I-cast ingahlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka wenze enye i-X-ray ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ithambo liyaphola kahle.

Ukunciphisa amathambo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa (Ukunciphisa Okuvaliwe)

Uma kwenzeka amanxeba aphukile kakhulu, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi 'ukunciphisa okuvaliwe' isetshenziswa ukuqondisa amathambo. Lokhu akusikho ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela ubamba futhi adonse izingcezu zamathambo aphukile abuyele endaweni yazo ngaphandle. Phakathi nale nqubo, uzonikezwa okunye kwalokhu okulandelayo ukusiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu:

• Ukwelashwa ngezinzwa kwendawo kuzoqeda kuphela indawo ezungeze ukuphuka.
• Ama-sedative okuphumula umzimba wonke.
• Ukubulala izinzwa okuvamile kuzokulalisa phakathi nayo yonke inqubo.

Ngemva kwalokhu 'ukunciphisa okuvaliwe', udokotela uzokufaka i-splint noma i-plaster.

Ukuhlinzwa kokuphuka okujikelezayo

Uma kwenzeka amanxeba aphukile kakhulu, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzophinde alungise amathambo akho futhi awalungise endaweni yawo, ukuze alulame ndawonye. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenziwa ngokufakwa kwangaphakathi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo uzofaka izingcezu zensimbi ethanjeni lakho futhi alibambe endaweni yalo kuze kube yilapho liphola. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokufakwa kwangaphakathi:

• Izinduku: Induku efakwa ngethambo, kusukela phezulu kuya phansi.
• Amapuleti nezikulufo: Amapuleti ensimbi asetshenziselwa ukubamba izingcezu zamathambo ndawonye.
• Izikhonkwane nezintambo: Izikhonkwane nezintambo zisetshenziselwa ukubamba izingcezu ezincane zamathambo ndawonye kunezinye izinto zokubopha. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa kanye nezinduku noma amapuleti.

Abanye abantu baphila nalezi zingcezu zensimbi emizimbeni yabo. Abanye abantu kufanele baphinde bahlinzwe ukuze zisuswe.

Ukulungiswa Kwangaphandle

Ungase ukwazi futhi ukufakelwa kwangaphandle . Udokotela ohlinzayo uzofaka izikulufo noma amaphini ethanjeni lakho eliphukile kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba wakho bese ezinamathisela esisekelweni noma esisekelweni ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyinqubo yesikhashana. Kwenziwa ukuze kuqiniswe ukuphuka futhi kunikezwe isikhathi sokuphola ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ukufakwa kwangaphakathi.

Ukuxhunyelelwa Kwamathambo

Uma ukwaphuka kwakho okujikelezayo kususiwe ezindaweni eziningi, noma uma ithambo lingapholi kahle, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ngethambo . Udokotela ohlinzayo uzofaka izicubu zethambo ezengeziwe bese enamathisela ithambo eliphukile. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuvamile ngokufakwa kwangaphakathi, izingcezu zibanjwa ndawonye kuze kube yilapho ithambo likhula futhi. Izicubu zalo mhlinzeko wethambo zingathathwa ezindaweni ezahlukene:

• Ukusuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho - ngokuvamile phezulu kwethambo lakho lesinqe.
• Kusuka komunye umnikeli (`umnikeli wangaphandle`).
• Ingxenye yokufakelwa yokwenziwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kokwaphuka kwemisipha okujikelezayo kuvame ukuba inqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuye ngokuthi kwaphuka kanjani, kufanele ukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlinzwa ithambo elikhulu, njenge-femur noma i-tibia yakho, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ithambo eliphukile liyayeka ukusebenza. Kungase kudingeke ugqoke i-brace, i-splint, noma i-cast ngaphambi kokuthi uphinde ubeke isisindo phezu kwalo noma ulisebenzise njengoba wenzile ngaphambi kokuphuka.

Yimuphi umuthi onikezwayo ngalokhu?

Ama-painkiller atholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela njenge-aspirin noma i-ibuprofen (NSAIDs ) angabangela ukopha kanye nezinye izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokutshela ngemithi ongayithatha ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokwelapha ukuphuka okujikelezayo?

Ukuhlinzwa kokuphuka okujikelezayo kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• I-Acute Comppartment Syndrome (ACS): Ukucindezeleka emisipheni kuyanda, ukugeleza kwegazi ezicutshini kuyanqamuka, futhi kungenzeka umonakalo ohlala njalo emisipheni nasezinzwa.
• I-Malunion: Amathambo aphukile angahlangani kahle lapho ephola.
• Ukungahlanganisi: Amathambo awakhuli ndawonye ngokuphelele nangokufanele.
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Uma une-break evulekile (lapho ithambo liphuka khona esikhumbeni), usengozini enkulu yokuthola ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• Okunye ukulimala kwangaphakathi: Ukuphuka kungalimaza imisipha, imizwa, imithambo yegazi, imisipha, kanye nemisipha ezungeze indawo elimele.

Futhi, imithi ye-NSAID ingabangela imiphumela emibi:

• Ukopha
• Izilonda
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Izinkinga zamathumbu

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziphele. Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwadingeka ululungise ukuze ulungise ukuphuka kwe-spiral kanye nethambo eliphukile, kufanele ukwazi ukunyakaza umzimba wakho kancane kancane phakathi namasonto ambalwa.

Okubalulekile: Uma unobuhlungu obukhulu obungabekezeleleki futhi obungapheli, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Singazivikela kanjani ekuqhekekeni kwamathambo okunje?

Landela lawa macebiso okuphepha ukuze unciphise ingozi yokulimala:

• Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo njalo uma ushayela.
• Gqoka imishini yokuphepha efanele kuyo yonke imisebenzi nemidlalo.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo yakho yokusebenza ingenazo izinto ezingadingekile ezingakukhubekisa noma zikhube abanye.
• Sebenzisa amathuluzi noma imishini efanele njalo lapho uphakamisa izinto endlini. Ungalokothi ukhwele ezihlalweni, ematafuleni, noma emakhawunteni.
• Landela uhlelo lokudla nokuzivocavoca olusiza ekugcineni amathambo akho ephilile .
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, noma uma othile emndenini wakho ene-osteoporosisUma kunjalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.

Ingabe ukuphuka kwe-spiral kungavinjelwa?

Ukuphuka kwemisipha kuvame ukubangelwa ukuwa, izingozi, noma ukulimala kwezemidlalo, ngakho-ke kuncane okungenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe lokhu. Kodwa-ke, ukulandela izinyathelo zokuphepha okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi ngandlela thile.

Yini ongayilindela uma uqhekeke nge-spiral?

Uma uphukile nge-spiral, ungalindela ukululama ngokuphelele.

Uzodinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze uthole amandla nobubanzi bokunyakaza engxenyeni yomzimba elimele.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi lokhu kuphulukiswe?

Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze ululame sincike ebunzimeni bokuphuka kwakho kanye nokwelashwa okudingayo. Iningi labantu lithatha izinyanga eziningana ukuze lilulame ekuqhekekeni okujikelezayo.

Kunezinye izinto eziningi ezingathinta ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi umzimba wakho ululame. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo mayelana nesikhathi esifanele isimo sakho.

Awukwazi ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni?

Ukulimala kwakho kanye nokuphuka kwamathambo kuzonquma ukuthi uzohlala isikhathi esingakanani ungekho emsebenzini, esikoleni, kanye neminye imisebenzi.

Ngesikhathi usalulama, khuluma nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo noma udokotela ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba.

Ekugcineni mayelana nokuqhekeka okujikelezayo...

Umbono wezinkinga eziningi zokuphuka kwemisipha ejikelezayo muhle. Ngisho noma uhlinzwa, kufanele ululame ngokuphelele. Kuye ngobukhulu bokuphuka kwemisipha yakho, kungadingeka ugweme imisebenzi ethile ngemva kokululama. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela ukulimala nokuphuka kwemisipha esikhathini esizayo.

Kufanele siye nini esibhedlela ngokuphuthumayo?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unesifo sokuphuka okujikelezayo – noma okunye ukuphuka – kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha. Yiya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba evame ukunyakaziswa.
• Uma ingxenye yomzimba ishintshe kakhulu ekubukekeni noma iphuma endaweni yayo evamile.
• Uma amathambo akho ebonakala ngesikhumba sakho.
• Ukuvuvukala.
• Uma kuvela imivimbo emisha kanye nalezi ezinye izimpawu.

Uma ulimele kakhulu (ukulimala), hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma ubona udokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Yiliphi ithambo eliphukile?
• Ingabe nginokuphuka okujikelezayo noma olunye uhlobo lokuphuka?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Kuzothatha isikhathi engingakanani ukuphola?
• Ngingaqala nini futhi umsebenzi womzimba?

Ukuphuka kwemisipha kuyingozi eyesabekayo, kodwa udokotela wakho nodokotela ohlinzayo bazokuphulukisa ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungasheshi ukululama kwakho. Thatha isinyathelo ngasinye, uzinike isikhathi sokululama. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokugcina amathambo akho eqinile futhi enempilo, futhi uthole ukuhlolwa kwamathambo njalo uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 noma unomlando womndeni we-osteoporosis.

Isifinyezo (Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya)

Ukuphuka okujikelezayo kuwukuphuka lapho ithambo liphulwa khona ngamandla ajikelezayo. Lihamba ngethambo njengesikulufu sokusika. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukuwa nezingozi zemidlalo. Izimpawu zingafaka phakathi ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokungakwazi ukunyakaza. Ukwelashwa kufaka phakathi ukuphonswa kwezicubu kanye nokuhlinzwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unenxeba elinjengaleli. Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuphumula, ungalulama ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, kodwa ungalibali futhi!

Ukuphuka kwamathambo , ukuphuka kwamathambo okujikelezayo, ukuphuka kwamathambo okugobile, ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo, ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo, izingozi, ukulimala kwezemidlalo