Ake sifunde kabanzi ngokukhwehlela okukhulu (i-Pertussis) ngokushesha. Ungakhathazeki, lolu lwazi lungolwakho!

Ingabe wena noma ingane yakho encane ninokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kulezi zinsuku okungapheli? Kungenzeka ukuthi kuqale njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa uma kuba ukukhwehlela okukhulu nokuqhubekayo ngemva kwesonto noma amabili, kungaba ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu (i-Pertussis) . Lokhu ukutheleleka okuthelelanayo kakhulu kwendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu, okusho umphimbo nekhala. Kungathinta izingane, izingane, kanye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, akunjalo?

Iyini ngempela i-Pertussis?

Kalula nje, ukukhwehlela okungapheli kuyisifo sokuphefumula esithelelanayo kakhulu . Odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi "i-Pertussis." Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuthi "ukukhwehlela kwezinsuku eziyi-100" ngoba izimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingahlala amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga ngaphambi kokuba ululame ngokugcwele.

Ekuqaleni, kuzwakala sengathi umkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kuqala ukukhwehlela okukhulu. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi "ama-paroxysms" noma "ama-spell okukhwehlela." La ma-spell okukhwehlela angenza kube nzima kakhulu ukudla, ukuphefumula, nokulala. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma uzama ukuphefumula ngemva kokukhwehlela, ungase wenze umsindo "we-whoop" ophakeme. Yingakho ubizwa ngokuthi "Whooping Cough". Kodwa-ke, izingane ezincane zingaba nobunzima bokuphefumula ngisho noma zingakhwehleli .

Ziyini izimpawu zokukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo? Kwenzeka kanjani?

Izimpawu zokukhwehlela okubuhlungu ziqala njengomkhuhlane, bese ziqhubekela ekukhwehleleni okukhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.

Okubalulekile: Uma ingane yakho ikhwehlela kakhulu, iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mpunga emlonyeni, futhi/noma inenkinga yokuphefumula, yiyise esibhedlela ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo.

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zigaba ezintathu:

1. Ngesikhathi sezimpawu zomkhuhlane

2. Isikhathi sokukhwehlela okukhulu

3. Isikhathi sokululama kancane kancane

Isigaba 1: Isikhathi lapho kuvela khona izimpawu zomkhuhlane

Lesi sikhathi sithatha cishe isonto noma amabili. Yilapho wena noma ingane yakho ningase nisakaze lesi sifo kwabanye. Kodwa ungase ucabange ukuthi umkhuhlane nje ovamile. Izimpawu phakathi nalesi sikhathi zifaka:

• Ukuminyana kwekhala
• Ukuphuma kwe-mucus (ukuphuma kwe-mucus)
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Izinyembezi ziphuma emehlweni
• Ukukhwehlela okuthambile ekuqaleni futhi okukhuphuka kancane kancane
• Umkhuhlane omncane (ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-38 / 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit) noma izinga lokushisa lomzimba elijwayelekile
• Umuzwa wokungaphilile kahle, ukungafuni ukwenza lutho (ukungakhululeki)

Izinto ezingenzeka kumntwana omncane ngalesi sikhathi:

• Kungaba nzima ukuphefumula.
• Ukuphefumula kungase kume isikhashana (i-apnea).
• Ungase uqaphele ukuthi ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi ingena esiswini sakho, sengathi izama ukuphefumula.
• Isikhumba, ikakhulukazi izindebe ezizungeze umlomo, singaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ompunga (i-cyanosis) ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi.

Isigaba 2: Izimpawu zokukhwehlela ezinzima

Isigaba sesibili sivame ukuhlala cishe isonto elilodwa kuya kwayisithupha. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi singahlala amasonto ayishumi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izindlela zakho zomoya zigcwele amafinyila aminyene, bese uqala ukuba nokukhwehlela okukhulu (ama-paroxysms). Yilokhu okwenzekayo:

• Ukukhwehlela kwenzeka uma ukhwehlela imizuzu embalwa ngesikhathi.
• Uma uzama ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela, ungase wenze umsindo othi "whoop" ophakeme (kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu owenza lo msindo).
• Ngemva kokukhwehlela kancane, ungase uhlanze noma uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi lokhu kungaba nzima kangakanani enganeni encane.
• Lesi siphonso sokukhwehlela singavela uma ukhala, udla, noma uhleka.
• Izigameko zokukhwehlela zenzeka emini kanye nasebusuku, kodwa ukukhwehlela kungase kube kubi kakhulu ebusuku.

Ekuqaleni, lezi zimpawu zokukhwehlela ziza kaningi, bese ziphela, bese ziqala ukuncipha kancane kancane.

Isigaba 3: Isikhathi sokululama kancane kancane

Lesi sigaba singahlala amasonto ayisithupha. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungase ungabi naso isikhathi sokukhwehlela esinzima owawunaso ngaphambili, kodwa ungase ube nokukhwehlela okuncane ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukukhwehlela kwakho kuzoncipha kancane kancane.

Kodwa khumbula, noma uzizwa ungcono, umzimba wakho usalulama phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ngakho-ke ungaba sengozini enkulu yokungenwa ezinye izifo zokuphefumula. Ngakho zama ukuqaphela amagciwane. Uma uthola esinye isifo, lawo ma-sponge okukhwehlela angabuya.

Lo msindo othi "whoop" uvela kanjani?

Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo kuqanjwe igama lakho ngoba abanye abantu benza umsindo othi "whoop" uma bekhwehlela. Uma ukhwehlela njalo, kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumula. Uma ekugcineni uzama ukuphefumula, kungazwakala njengomsindo othi "whoop" ophakeme noma umsindo wokukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu okhwehlela okukhwehlelayo owenza lo msindo othi "whoop". Ngakho ungacabangi ukuthi ukuthi nje awuwenzi umsindo akusho ukuthi akusikho ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo.

Yini ebangela ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo?

Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo kubangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Bordetella pertussis . Leli bhaktheriya lithinta ulwelwesi lwendlela yakho yokuphefumula, okubangela ukuba ivuvuke. Lokhu kuvuvukala kubangela ukwakheka kwamafinyila aminyene, okubangela ukukhwehlela okukhulu.

Ukukhwehlela okubi kusakazeka ngamaconsi okuphefumula akhiqizwa lapho umuntu ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Izimpawu zivame ukuqala zingakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyishumi zokuchayeka, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingathatha izinsuku ezingafika kwezingu-21.

Ingabe ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo kuyathelelana?

Yebo, lesi yisifo esithelelanayo kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi sisakazeka kalula sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi uzosithola kumuntu ohlala naye. Izingane zinamathuba amaningi okusithola kubangani esikoleni nasemakilasini.

Ungathelelana kusukela ngesikhathi izimpawu zakho ziqala kuze kube amasonto amathathu ngemva kokuqala kokukhwehlela kwakho. Isibonelo, uma ube nezimpawu zomkhuhlane cishe isonto lonke ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhwehlela kwakho, uzothelelana cishe amasonto amane esewonke.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo?

Lokhu akusikho nje ukukhwehlela okulula, ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane:

• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe
• Ukopha ekhaleni
• Ukungondleki kahle – ngenxa yokungakwazi ukudla, ukuhlanza
• I-pneumonia (`(I-pneumonia)`)
• Izinkinga ngokusebenza kobuchopho (encephalopathy), okungabangela ukulimala kobuchopho unomphela noma ngisho nokufa.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yegazi ethwala igazi liye emaphashini)
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula

Izinkinga zinzima kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala. Izingane ezikule minyaka cishe zizolaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa ye-pertussis. Zisengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu noma ukufa:

• Kwabantwana abangagonyiwe (noma uma umama engagonywanga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa)
• Kwabantwana abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka
• Kwabantwana abane-asthma enzima

Izinkinga ezingaba khona kubantu abasha nakubantu abadala:

• Ukuphuka kombambo (ngenxa yokukhwehlela okukhulu)
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (ngenxa yokukhwehlela)
• I-Migraines
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba umchamo (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba umchamo)
• I-pneumonia (`(I-pneumonia)`)
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungalindelekile

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo?

Nansi indlela odokotela abaxilonga ngayo ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo:

• Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.
• Ngizwile ngezimpawu zakho.
• Isampula ye-mucus evela ngaphakathi kwekhala nomphimbo (i-"nasopharyngeal swab") iyathathwa bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri.

Uma uke waba seduze nomuntu onesifo sokukhwehlela noma umuntu okhwehlela njalo, tshela udokotela wakho. Lolo lwazi luzosiza ekuxilongweni.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo (i-Pertussis)?

Odokotela belapha ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu ngama-antibiotic, njenge-azithromycin, i-clarithromycin, noma i-erythromycin. Udinga ukuthatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshela. Uma uqala ngokushesha ukuthatha ama-antibiotic, kulapho azokusiza kakhulu.

Okubalulekile: Ama-antibiotic ngeke akuvimbele ukukhwehlela kwakho noma akuqede. Kodwa-ke, azokuvimbela ekusakazeni lesi sifo kwabanye. Uma uthathwa kusenesikhathi, angase anciphise nezimpawu zakho kancane.

Uma ingane yakho igula kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ilaliswe esibhedlela ukuze ihlolwe. Lapho, ithimba lezokwelapha lingaqapha ngokucophelela ukuphefumula kwengane, futhi uma kudingeka, linikeze umoya-mpilo kanye nosawoti.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ufuna ingane yakho, bheka udokotela wezingane kulezi zimo:

• Uma ingane ingagonyelwanga kahle i-"Pertussis".
• Uma ingane ike yahlangana nomuntu onesifo sokukhwehlela.
• Uma ingane ikhwehlela kakhulu, futhi iba mandundu okubangela ukuhlanza.
• Uma kukhona umkhuhlane kanye nokukhwehlela.
• Uma ungakwazi ukugcina ubisi, ubisi oluyimpuphu, noma ukudla ngendlela efanele (ngenxa yokuhlanza).

Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula noma isikhumba sayo siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mpunga (bheka izindebe zayo, iminwe yayo), shayela u-911 ngokushesha noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze.

Uma wena (umuntu omdala) u:

• Uma unemibuzo mayelana nomgomo.
• Uma uke wahlangana nomuntu onesifo sokukhwehlela.
• Uma unezimpawu zokukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo.
• Uma kusha, kuvela izimpawu ezingachazeki.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni uma ukhwehlela noma uphefumula kakhulu (lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-pneumonia).

Ingabe ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo kungavinjelwa?

Yebo, ngezinga elithile. Imijovo ye-pertussis inganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola ukutheleleka noma yokuba nezimpawu ezinzima uma uyithola. Umuthi wokugomela i-DTaP wezingane kanye nomuthi wokugomela i-Tdap wentsha, abesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nabantu abadala kusiza ekuvimbeleni i-pertussis. Kodwa-ke, uma ulinda isikhathi eside kusukela ekujovweni kokugcina, umuthi awusebenzi kahle. Ngakho-ke buza udokotela wakho ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho kufanele niwuthole nini umuthi.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela banikeza ama-antibiotic okuvimbela . Lena imithi enikezwa abantu abaye bavezwa ukukhwehlela kodwa abangakabi nazo izimpawu. Ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo ukuthi kungaveli.

Udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antibiotic anjengalawa:

• Uma usengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu ngenxa yokukhwehlela okungapheli.
• Uma uchitha isikhathi nabantu abangase bagule kakhulu ngenxa yokukhwehlela okungapheli (isib. izingane ezincane).

Khumbula, imikhuba elula yezempilo njengokugeza izandla zakho kahle ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwezifo zokuphefumula.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngithola `(i-Pertussis)`?

Ukukhwehlela okubi kungakwenza ungakhululeki amasonto noma izinyanga. Kungaholela nasezinkingeni ezinkulu.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi umzimba wakho wakha amasosha omzimba athile ngokumelene nebhaktheriya `(Bordetella pertussis)`. Ngakho-ke, okwesikhashana - abanye ochwepheshe bathi noma ngabe kuphakathi kweminyaka emine kuya kwengamashumi amabili - ngeke uphinde uthole ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lawo masosha omzimba encipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungawathola futhi esikhathini esizayo.

Ingane yakho, ikakhulukazi uma isencane kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ilaliswe esibhedlela.

Kuzoba nini kuphephile ukubuyela enkulisa, esikoleni, noma emsebenzini?

Kuya ngesimo. Uma wena noma ingane yakho nithatha ama-antibiotic, ngokuvamile ngemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu zokwelashwaKuphephile ukuhamba futhi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, usengathelelana kuze kube amasonto amathathu ngemva kokuqala kokukhwehlela. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.

Yini engingayenza ukuze ngithole impumuzo?

Lezi zinto zingakusiza uzizwe ungcono kancane - futhi mhlawumbe zinciphise nokukhwehlela kwakho ebusuku:

• Thatha uju. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela kwakho. Kodwa kuphephile kuphela kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezingaphezu konyaka owodwa ubudala. Ungalokothi unike uju enganeni engaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala (ngenxa yengozi yesimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-botulism).
• Ukuphumula. Ukuphumula okwanele kusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ululame.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi. Ukuphuza uketshezi kungasiza ekunciphiseni uketshezi olubangela ukukhwehlela kwakho.
• Sebenzisa i-cool-mist humidifier. Lokhu kungasiza ekukhululeni i-mucus.
• Yidla ukudla okuncane, njalo. Ukudla ukudla okuncane kunokudla okukhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuhlanza.
• Gwema izinto ezikwenza ukhwehlele (`(ezicasulayo)`). Izinto ezifana nothuli, intuthu, kanye nentuthu yamakhemikhali evela kweminye imikhiqizo yokuhlanza zingenza ukukhwehlela kwakho kube kubi nakakhulu.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Ukukhwehlela okubi, `(Pertussis)` noma ``ukukhwehlela kwezinsuku eziyi-100'', noma ngabe kubizwa kanjani, lokhu kutheleleka kokuphefumula kungaba nzima kakhulu kuwe noma enganeni yakho. Ngakho khumbula lezi zinto:

• Lokhu akusikho ukukhwehlela okulula: kungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
• Ukugonywa kubalulekile: Imijovo ye-DTaP kanye ne-Tdap inikeza isivikelo esihle. Qiniseka ukuthi wena kanye nemijovo yengane yakho nisesikhathini.
• Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu: Uma unezimpawu, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha. Ama-antibiotic, uma eqalwe kusenesikhathi, angavimba ukusabalala kwesifo.
• Ukunakwa okukhethekile ezinganeni: Uma ingane ikhwehlela njalo, inenkinga yokuphefumula, noma isikhumba siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mpunga, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha.
• Qaphela ngenkathi ululama: Zivikele kwezinye izifo uze ululame ngokuphelele.

Uma ingane yakho ikhwehlela njalo futhi ikhwehlela kakhulu, kuhlale kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane. Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu noma olunye ukutheleleka. Uzokwazi ukukunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo futhi akunikeze iseluleko sokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ingane yakho ize ilulame. Hlala uphilile!

Ukukhwehlela okubi , i-Pertussis, Izifo ezithathelwanayo, Ukukhwehlela, Izifo zokuphefumula, Impilo yengane, Ukugoma