Ingabe nawe ubhekene nalezi zinto zokungezwani komzimba ezicasulayo? Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula! | Nirogi Lanka

Ingabe uke uzithole ulunywa ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile? Ingabe uthimula njalo, noma mhlawumbe unenkinga yokuphefumula ngemva kokudla ukudla okuthile? Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe izimpawu ' zokungezwanikomzimba '. Namuhla, ake sihlole ukuthi kuyini ukungezwani komzimba, ukuthi kungani kwenzeka, ukuthi ungakubona kanjani, nokuthi yini ongayenza ngakho. Ungakhathazeki; uma usunolwazi oluhle, ungazilawula wena eziningi zalezi zimpawu.

Kuyini ngempela 'i-Allergies'?

Kalula nje, ukungezwani komzimba yisimo lapho indlela yokuzivikela yomzimba wakho— 'isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba' — isabela ngokweqile ezintweni ezivame ukungabi nangozi, iziphathe njengokungathi ziyizihlaseli eziyingozi. Cabanga ngomsebenzi oyinhloko 'wesimiso sakho sokuzivikela komzimba' njengokukuvikela ngokulwa namagciwane ayingozi abangela ukugula. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba, lesi simiso sihlonza ngokungalungile izinto ezithile 'njengezinsongo.'

Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umzimba wakho ukhipha ukwanda kwamakhemikhali , njenge-'histamine'. Lezi zinto ezibangela ukusabela okungenangozi zaziwa ngokuthi 'i-allergens' . Izibonelo ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukudla okuthile (njengamakinati noma ubisi), uthuli lwasekhaya, impova yezitshalo, noma ngisho nemithi ethile.

Kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokusabela kokungezwani komzimba?

Ake sibheke ukuthi kwenzekani ngokomzimba. Lapho 'isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela' sihlangana ne-allergen, sikhiqiza amaprotheni athile abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-antibodies e-IgE ' . Lawa 'antibodies' abonisa amaseli athile emzimbeni wakho (ikakhulukazi 'amaseli e-mast ( amaseli e-mast )') ukuthi asebenze, njengokungathi athi, "Isitha sesifikile!"

Lawo maseli abe esekhipha amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ne-'histamine', egazini lakho. La makhemikhali athinta amehlo akho, impumulo, umphimbo , amaphaphu, isikhumba, noma 'indlela yakho yokugaya ukudla', okubangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Kungase kuqale njengokubomvu okungazelelwe noma ukulunywa emehlweni akho, noma ukuthimula okuqhubekayo—okungukuthi umzimba wakho usabela.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, njalo uma uphinda ubhekene naleyo 'allergen', le mpendulo ye-antibody iyaqala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma nini lapho uhlangana nento ekwenza uzizwe ungezwani nayo, cishe uzoba nezimpawu.

Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba?

Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi zingashintsha ngisho nakumuntu ofanayo ngezikhathi ezahlukene.

• Ukusabela okuncane: Ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi izimpawu ezincane ezifana nalezi:
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okuncane (okwaziwa ngokuthi `ama-hives`).
• Impumulo egobhozayo noma evalekile.
• Amehlo alumayo, abomvu, noma anamanzi.
• Umphimbo ohlabayo.
• Ukusabela Okukhulu: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukusabela kungaba namandla futhi kuthinte izingxenye eziningi zomzimba wakho.

Ukungezwani komzimba okuthile kungabangela isimo esisongela impilo, esibi esaziwa ngokuthi i-'anaphylaxis' . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha!

I-'Anaphylaxis' ingaqala ngezimpawu ezincane kodwa ingaqhubeka ngokushesha ngemizuzu embalwa.

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuqina kwesifuba.
• Ukuvuvukala komphimbo.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukuphelelwa yithemba.
• Ukubomvu kwesikhumba okusabalele noma amaqhubu.
• Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, noma uhudo.

Uma uzwa izimpawu ze-'anaphylaxis', funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha ngokushayela u-911 noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni. Ungalibali.

Kungani abanye abantu beba nokungezwani komzimba?

Ngokuvamile, ukuthambekela kokuba nokungezwani komzimba kubangelwa ufuzo . Uma abazali bakho noma abafowenu nodadewenu benokungezwani komzimba, nawe unethuba elikhulu lokuba nakho. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi nawe uzoba nokungezwani komzimba okufanayo; kusho ukuthi unesifo esivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungaba nokungezwani komzimba ngisho noma kungekho omunye umuntu emndenini wakho onaso.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezivame kakhulu?

1. Ama-Allergens Abangelwa Umoya

Lezi zifakwa emzimbeni wakho.

• Izibungu zothuli: Izinto eziphilayo ezincane ezitholakala othulini lwendlu, omatilasi, emicamelweni, kanye 'namakhaphethi'.
• Impova: Evela ezihlahleni, ezimbalini, nasetshanini. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'i-hay fever'.
• Isikhunta: Sitholakala ezindaweni ezimanzi njengezindlu zangasese, amakhishi, noma ezindongeni ezimanzi.
• Izilwane ezifuywayo: I-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo (amangqamuzana esikhumba aphumile, amathe, noma uboya) obuvela emakati nasezinjeni.
• Amaphela: Amaconsi nezingxenye zomzimba.

2. Ukungezwani Nokudla

Izimbangela ezivamile, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha, zifaka:

• Ubisi lwenkomo (noma amaprotheni obisi).
• Amaqanda.
• Inhlanzi.
• `Inhlanzi egobile` (isib., i-shrimp, inkala, i-squid).
• `Amantongomane`.
• `Amantongomane ezihlahla` (isib. ama-cashew, ama-almond, ama-walnuts).
• Isoya.
• Ukolweni.
• I-Sesame.

3. Ezinye Izinto Ezibangela Ukungezwani Komzimba Okuvamile

• `Ukungezwani nokudlanga kwezinambuzane`: Ubuthi obuvela ezinyosini, ezinyokeni, noma ezinyonini bungabangela ukusabela okubi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa `i-anaphylaxis`.
• `Imithi`: `Ama-antibiotic` (isb., `i-penicillin`) ayizimbangela ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu, imithi yokulwa nokuquleka, ngisho nemithi `ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela` ingabangela ukusabela.
• `Amakhemikhali`: Izimonyo, `izihlanzi zokuwasha`, kanye nensipho kungabangela `amaqhubu`. Ezinye izinto ezibangela lokhu zifaka phakathi `udayi` wezinwele, `izihlanzi zasekhaya`, `izibulala-zinambuzane`, kanye nemikhiqizo `ye-latex` efana namagilavu ​​​​ezokwelapha.

Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi une-allergy?

Uma uvame ukuzwa izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, isinyathelo esingcono kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela. Ngemva kokuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho, uma udokotela esola ukuthi kukhona ukungezwani komzimba, uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe (udokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba noma udokotela wezifo zamasosha omzimba) .

Uchwepheshe wakho uzobuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nezimpawu zakho—njengokuthi zenzeka nini, kangaki, nokuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani unazo—futhi abuze ngomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho. Bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okuqondile ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

• Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlatshwa Kwesikhumba: Phakathi nalolu vivinyo, inani elincane le-allergen okusolwayo libekwa esikhumbeni sakho, bese ubuso buhlatshwa kancane. Uma uba bomvu noma ukuvuvukala kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15-20, kusho ukuthi ungase ube nomzimba ongezwani naleyo nto.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Isampula yegazi lakho iyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi liqukethe yini ama-antibodies athile e-IgE adalwe ukuphendula ku-allergens ethile.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okufaneleka kakhulu ngokusekelwe ekusolweni kwakho kokungezwani komzimba.

Iphathwa kanjani i-allergies?

Nakuba okwamanje kungekho ikhambi eliphelele lokungezwani komzimba, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka. Kunezindlela eziningi ezisebenzayo zokukusiza ukuthi uphathe izimpawu zakho futhi uphile impilo evamile nenempilo.

Kunezinsika ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelapha:

1. Ukugwema: Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala esibaluleke kakhulu. Uma usuwazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela ukungezwani komzimba kwakho, ukugwema ukuchayeka kuyisona sivikelo sakho esingcono kakhulu.

2. Imithi: Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi ehlukahlukene ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho.

3. Ukwelashwa Nge-Allergen Immunotherapy (Imijovo Yokungezwani Nomzimba): Le ndlela yokwelapha isetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezithile zokungezwani komzimba.

1. Amathiphu okugwema izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba

Kulabo abanezinkinga zokungezwani komzimba ezinzima, ikakhulukazi ukungezwani kokudla, ukugwema i-allergen kuyindlela yokusindisa impilo .

• Kwabanokungezwani nokudla:
• Gwema ukudla okuthile okubangela ukungezwani komzimba ngokuphelele.
• Funda amalebula okudla ngokucophelela . Bheka izixwayiso ezinjengokuthi “kungase kube nezinsalela zamantongomane.”
• Uma udla ngaphandle, yazisa abasebenzi noma umpheki ngokungezwani komzimba kwakho.
• Ukuze ugweme izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba emoyeni:
• Izibungu zothuli:
• Susa amakhaphethi namakhethini asindayo ekamelweni lakho lokulala.
• Sebenzisa izembozo ezingavumeli ukungezwani komzimba kumatilasi wakho kanye nemicamelo.
• Geza imibhede kanye nama-pillowcases ngamanzi ashisayo okungenani kanye ngesonto.
• Cabanga ukusebenzisa isihlanzi somoya esinesihlungi se-HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) ekamelweni lakho lokulala.
• Impova:
• Gcina amafasitela evaliwe ngezikhathi zempova ephezulu (ngokuvamile ekuseni).
• Shintsha izingubo zakho bese ugeza ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle.
• Gwema imisebenzi yokulima efana nokusika utshani noma ukususa ukhula.
• Isikhunta:
• Qinisekisa ukuthi izindawo ezivame ukuba nomswakama (izindlu zangasese, amakhishi, amagumbi angaphansi) zinomoya omuhle futhi zigcinwa zomile.
• Hlanza izindawo ezikhuntile usebenzisa isisombululo esifanele njenge-bleach.
• I-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo:
• Gcina izilwane ezifuywayo zingangeni ekamelweni lokulala.
• Geza isilwane sakho masonto onke (uma kungenzeka, cela umuntu ongenalo i-allergy ukuthi enze lokhu).

2. Imithi yokungezwani komzimba

Amaphilisi, izifutho zamakhala, kanye namaconsi amehlo kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukuphatha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

• Ama-Antihistamine: Lawa anciphisa umsebenzi we-histamine ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nokuthimula, impumulo egobhozayo, kanye nokulunywa.
• Ama-Decongestant: Asetshenziswa ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Atholakala njengezifutho, okhilimu, noma amaphilisi, lawa asiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba.

Nakuba le mithi isebenza kahle ekulawuleni izimpawu, ayinikezi ikhambi elihlala njalo . Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele kakhulu.

I-Epinephrine yokusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy (i-Anaphylaxis)

Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abanokungezwani nokudla noma ukungenwa yizinambuzane, bangase babe nokusabela okubi kakhulu, okusongela ukuphila okwaziwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis. Udokotela wakho angase akunike umuthi wokujova i-epinephrine (isib. i-EpiPen). Lo muthi olula ukuwusebenzisa, osindisa impilo ongajovwa ethangeni ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Udokotela wakho uzokukhombisa ukuthi ungawusebenzisa kanjani. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlala unawo ama-auto-injector amabili nawe.

3. Ukwelashwa Nge-Allergen Immunotherapy (Imijovo Yokungezwani Nomzimba noma Amaphilisi)

Imijovo yokungezwani komzimba ihilela ukuthola inani elincane, elikhula kancane kancane le-allergen ngomjovo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusiza amasosha omzimba wakho ukuba angazweli kakhulu ku-allergen, asebenze njengomjovo.

Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba emoyeni (impova, izibungu zothuli, isikhunta, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo) kanye nokulunywa yizinambuzane. Njengamanje, imijovo yokungezwani komzimba ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa ekubhekaneni nokungezwani kokudla.

Ngaphezu kwemijovo, ezinye izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba (njengempova yotshani noma izibungu zothuli) zingelashwa nge- sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) , ehlanganisa amaphilisi abekwa ngaphansi kolimi. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha iminyaka embalwa kodwa kunganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu kanye nesidingo semithi yansuku zonke.

Imicabango yokugcina ngokuphila nokungezwani komzimba

Manje njengoba usuqonda kangcono i-allergy yakho, khumbula ukuthi ukuphila kahle kuqala ngokuqwashisa. Isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala kude nezinto ezikubangelayo!

"Ukugwema i-allergen kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kanye nokwelashwa okuyinhloko eNirogi Lanka!"

• Uma une -allergy yokudla , gwema izinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho. Funda njalo amalebula okudla ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezibangela i-allergy azikho, ngisho noma zingamanani ambalwa.Hlala uphethe ama-epinephrine auto-injector amabili nawe, ikakhulukazi uma usengozini yokuthola i-anaphylaxis.
• Uma uhlushwa ukungezwani nendawo , gcina ikhaya lakho lihlanzekile futhi lingenalo uthuli kanye ne-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo. Hlala usesikhathini ngezibikezelo zezulu ukuze uqaphele izinsuku eziningi zempova. Ukusebenzisa izihlanzi zokuhlanza izingubo ezingenamakha nezingenadayi, izimonyo, kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba nakho kungaba usizo kakhulu (bheka imikhiqizo ebhalwe ukuthi 'hypoallergenic,' ngokuvamile equkethe izithako ezimbalwa ezingase zibangele ukusabela kokungezwani nendawo).
• Uma uphuza imithi , landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nemiyalelo yelebula ngokunembile. Gcina udokotela wakho enolwazi mayelana nanoma yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha noma imijovo ye-immunotherapy oyinikezwe uchwepheshe wakho we-allergy.
• Uma une -allergy enkulu , cabanga ukugqoka i-ID yezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha, njengesongo se-MedicAlert noma ukuphatha ikhadi lezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuze unikeze abaphenduli ulwazi olubalulekile uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.

Uma utholakale une-allergy, sicela ukhumbule ukuthi awuwedwa; abanye abaningi baphatha izimo ezifanayo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi odokotela nososayensi bayaqhubeka nokuthola ukuqonda okujulile nge-allergy, bathuthukisa ukwelashwa, futhi bacwaninga izindlela zokukuvimbela. Hlala unethemba, landela isiqondiso sikadokotela wakho, futhi ungakwazi ukuphatha ngempumelelo i-allergy yakho futhi uphile impilo eyanelisayo neNirogi Lanka.

Ukungezwani komzimba, Ukuzwela okukhulu, I-Histamine, Ukungezwani komzimba, I-Anaphylaxis, Ukwelashwa, Izimo Zesikhumba, Ukungezwani Nokudla