Ingabe isibindi sakho singaba nobuthi? (I-Hepatitis Enobuthi) Ake sithole ukuthi kuyini ngempela lokhu!

Isibindi singesinye sezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Njengesihlungi, umsebenzi oyinhloko wesibindi ukususa ubuthi emzimbeni nokuhlanza igazi . Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi isibindi singalimala nobuthi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, okungukuthi i-Toxic Hepatitis . Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngalokhu ngaphambili. Kodwa lokhu kuyinto sonke okudingeka siyazi.

Kuyini ngempela i-Hepatitis enobuthi?

Kalula nje, i-hepatitis enobuthi ilapho isibindi sethu sivuvukala khona. Lokhu kuvuvukala kubangelwa ukuchayeka kokuthile okunobuthi (ubuthi) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi:

• Uma uthinta into enobuthi.
• Uma uphefumula umoya onobuthi.
• Uma ugwinya into enobuthi.

Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi isibindi sivuvuke. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa uma uphuza imithi ethile eningi kakhulu noma uphuza utshwala obuningi, kungalimaza nesibindi futhi kubangele lesi simo. Uma isibindi sivuvukala kanje isikhathi eside, singadala nomonakalo ohlala njalo esibindini. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthi uma siqhubeka sithela amanzi angcolile esihlungini sethu samanzi ekhaya, sizoba singcolile.

Kwenzekani ngempela esibindini sethu?

Isibindi singesinye sezitho ezinkulu emzimbeni wethu. Sifana nendawo yokuhlanza umzimba wethu. Isibindi sihlanza igazi lethu kakhulu futhi sisuse ubuthi nezinto ezingafuneki ezingena emzimbeni. Uma singasebenzi kahle, umzimba wethu wonke ungaphazamiseka.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hepatitis enobuthi?

Yebo, singabona i-hepatitis enobuthi ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• I-hepatitis enobuthi obukhulu: Lesi yisimo esenzeka ngokuzumayo . Izimpawu zingase zivele ngokushesha noma ngokushesha kakhulu ngemva kokuchayeka entweni enobuthi.
• I-hepatitis enobuthi obungapheli: Lolu hlobo luthatha isikhathi ukuba luvele. Kungase kungabi nazimpawu amasonto noma izinyanga. Yisibindi esonakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili, odokotela bahlukanisa lesi simo ngokwembangela yaso.

• I-hepatitis ebangelwa amakhemikhali: Lokhu kubangelwa ukugwinya, ukuphefumula, noma ukuthinta ikhemikhali. Abantu abasebenza kwamanye amafektri bangase babe sengozini.
• I-hepatitis ebangelwa yimithi: Lesi simo singavela uma uphuza imithi ethile eminingi kakhulu , isibonelo , i-acetaminophen (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Panadol, i-paracetamol), imithi yobuhlungu efana nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona i-steroidal (ama-NSAID) , noma eminye imithi enqunywe udokotela.
• I-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala:Lesi yisimo esenzeka kubantu abaphuza utshwala njalo, ikakhulukazi labo abalutha utshwala (i-Alcohol use disorder). Le ngozi iphezulu kulabo abaphuza utshwala ngezinye izikhathi nezinye izidakamizwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zoshevu wesibindi?

Esinye sezimpawu eziyinhloko zezinkinga zesibindi ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-Jaundice) . Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abajwayelene nayo. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu ngaphezu kwalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu besisu , ikakhulukazi ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi isisu sakho sivuvukele ngenxa yokunqwabelana koketshezi esiswini (ama-ascites) .
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele njalo futhi ungenampilo `(Ukukhathala)` .
• Imfiva .
• Ukudla akunambitheki .
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza .
• Ukushintsha kombala womchamo , ikakhulukazi umchamo ophuzi omnyama kuya konombala wetiye.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuqhuma kwesikhumba okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Toxic hepatitis rash" . Lokhu kubangela ukuthi kuvele amabala amancane ansomi noma amabala esikhumbeni. Isikhumba singase silume (pruritus) .

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-hepatitis enobuthi?

Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile noma imithi ethile kuyimbangela eyinhloko. Izimpawu zingavela ngokushesha, noma zingavela ngemva kwamasonto noma izinyanga.

Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu obhekene nalezi zinto ozothola isifo sofuba esinobuthi. Umzimba womuntu wonke usabela ngendlela ehlukile.

Ake sibheke izizathu ezimbalwa eziyinhloko:

Ubuthi besibindi obubangelwa izidakamizwa

Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yeminye yemithi kanye nezithasiselo esizithathayo.

• Ezinye izithako zemithi : Sikholelwa ukuthi i-Ayurveda kanye nemithi yendabuko ayinangozi. Kodwa-ke, amanye amakhambi, uma esetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele, angaba yingozi esibindini.
• Imithi engeyona i-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) : Akukuhle ukusebenzisa imithi yobuhlungu njenge-ibuprofen njalo noma ngokweqile.
• Imithi kadokotela: Eminye imithi enqunywe odokotela (isib., imithi yesifo sofuba, eminye imithi yesifo sokuwa) ingathinta isibindi uma ingathathwa njengoba kuqondiswe.

I-hepatitis enobuthi ebangelwa utshwala

Ukuphuza utshwala obuningi kakhulu kubi kakhulu esibindini. Uma unenkinga yokulawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Kuthiwani uma uthatha i-acetaminophen eningi kakhulu?

Ngisho ne -acetaminophen (isib. i-Tylenol®, i-Panadol, i-Paracetamol), esivame ukuyisebenzisa ekwelapheni umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, ingaba yingozi esibindini uma isetshenziswa ngokweqile. Abantu abadala abaningi kufanele bakhumbule lezi zinto:

• Ama-milligram angaphezu kuka-4000 e- acetaminophen ngosuku (amahora angu-24)Ungayithathi. (Lokho kusho ukuthi amaphilisi ePanadol avamile angaphezu kwangu-8).
• Ungathathi i-acetaminophen izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 ngesikhathi (ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela).

Uma usuvele unesifo sesibindi, ukuphuza i-acetaminophen eningi kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuphuze okungaphezu kwesilinganiso esinconywayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-acetaminophen ukuhlola izinga le-acetaminophen egazini lakho.

Kuthiwani uma i-vitamin A ikhula?

I-Vitamin A ibalulekile emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha i-vitamin A engaphezu kuka-40,000 IU (International Units) ngosuku kungabangela ubuthi esibindini. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela nganoma yiliphi i-vitamin noma izithasiselo ozithathayo.

Ingabe i-hepatitis enobuthi iyathelelana kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye?

Cha. I-hepatitis enobuthi ayisona isifo esingadluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Yisimo esingathelelani. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukuyithola ngokuba seduze nomuntu onesifo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalesi simo?

Noma ubani angaba nesifo sofuba esinobuthi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu:

• Kwabesifazane (ngenxa yendlela abasabela ngayo emithini ethile).
• Kulabo abalutha utshwala (isifo sokusebenzisa utshwala) .
• Abantu asebevele benesifo sesibindi , isibonelo, labo abane-Hepatitis B noma i-Hepatitis C.
• Kulabo abasebenzisa imithi ethile kadokotela noma imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (ikakhulukazi imithi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa).
• Kulabo abasebenza noma abavame ukuxhumana namakhemikhali athile (isib. izinyibilikisi) .

Futhi, abantu abanezinkinga ezithile zofuzo basengozini enkulu. Izibonelo:

• Ukuntuleka kwe-Alpha-1 antitrypsin .
• I-Hemochromatosis (i-iron eningi emzimbeni).

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-hepatitis enobuthi?

Uma lesi simo singelashwa kahle, singabangela umonakalo omkhulu esibindini. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezifana ne -cirrhosis (ukuqina nokuncipha kwesibindi) futhi ekugcineni kube ukwehluleka kwesibindi okungapheli . Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungase udinge ngisho nokufakelwa isibindi . Ngakho-ke akuwona umqondo omuhle ukumane ungasinaki.

Odokotela bakubona kanjani lokhu?

Uma unezimpawu, udokotela uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho nendlela yakho yokuphila (isib. imithi oyiphuzayo, ukusebenzisa utshwala, umsebenzi). Bese bezokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba . Bangase futhi benze ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-hepatitis enobuthi.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Ngenxa yalokhu, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ikakhulukazi:

• Iphaneli ephelele ye-metabolic (CMP) : Lokhu kunganikeza umbono ngokusebenza kwamakhemikhali nezitho ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi : Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi isibindi sisebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi kukhona yini umonakalo wesibindi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma udokotela ethanda, angenza ukuhlolwa kokuqukethwe kotshwala egazini (i-BAC) noma ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ezinye izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kabi. Lokhu kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.

Ezinye izivivinyo

Uma kudingeka ulwazi olwengeziwe ngesimo sesibindi, udokotela angenza nokuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe : Isibonelo, i -CT scan noma i-MRI scan . Lokhu kuthatha izithombe zengaphakathi lesibindi bese kusihlola.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi : Kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu esibindini bese kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi hlobo luni lomonakalo olwenzekile esibindini. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa uma ezinye izivivinyo zingaphelele.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-hepatitis enobuthi kuncike ekutheni isibindi sakho sinomonakalo ongakanani. Ngemva kokuhlola isibindi sakho, udokotela angase ancome okulandelayo:

• Batshelwa ukuthi bayeke ukuthatha imithi noma izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo ezinobuthi esibindini.
• Bakutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele .
• Uma ubhekene namakhemikhali emsebenzini, khuluma nomphathi wakho ngakho bese uzama ukushintshela komunye umsebenzi .
• Uma lokho kungenzeki, batusa ukugqoka imishini yokuzivikela efanele (njengezifihla-buso namagilavu) lapho usebenza ngamakhemikhali.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukususa lokho okonakalise isibindi. Lokhu kunikeza isibindi ithuba lokuziphilisa.

Ingabe i-hepatitis enobuthi ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Ezimweni eziningi, yebo, i-hepatitis enobuthi ingelapheka . Isibindi sethu sinekhono elimangalisayo lokususa amaseli alimele futhi senze amasha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isibindi sinamandla okuguqula umonakalo owenzekile. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo sesibindi esibi, njenge- cirrhosis , usengozini yokwehluleka kwesibindi. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingakhuluma nawe ngokufakelwa isibindi.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?

Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze umuntu alulame ekushayweni yi-hepatitis enobuthi sincike ezintweni eziningana:

• Usunesikhathi esingakanani unalesi simo?
• Izinga lomonakalo esibindini sakho.

Uma umonakalo uphansi noma uphakathi, kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga eziningana ukuthi isibindi silungise futhi siphilise amaseli alimele.

Singazivikela kanjani kulokhu?

Kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sizivikele ekushayweni yi-hepatitis okunobuthi:

• Gwema ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali ezimboni angalimaza isibindi.
• Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni (i-cocaine, insangu, njll.) .
• Nciphisa inani lotshwala oluphuzayo , noma kungcono ukuyeka ukuphuza ngokuphelele.
• Ngisho noma uthenga umuthi ekhemisi, thatha njengoba nje kuyalelwe, ngesilinganiso esifanele .
• Khuluma nodokotela ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yiziphi izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo .

Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi? Ungasigcina kanjani isibindi siphilile?

Ungasiza ukugcina isibindi sakho siphilile ngokwenza izinguquko zokuphila okunempilo. Nakuba kungekho ukudla okunobuthi kwe-hepatitis, ungasiza isibindi sakho sisebenze ngokudla nokuphuza izinto ongazenza. Zama lezi zinto:

• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. Ungavumeli ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwenzeke.
• Yidla ukudla okuningi okune-fiber eningi (isib. ubhontshisi, uphizi oluhlaza, okusanhlamvu okuphelele njengelayisi elinsundu).
• Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi noshukela omningi .
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukasawoti .

Yini ongayilindela uma une-hepatitis enobuthi?

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngempilo yesibindi sakho. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela mayelana nendlela yokuzinakekela ngenkathi ululama ekushayweni yi-hepatitis okunobuthi.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma unezimpawu zokwehluleka kwesibindi okukhulu, noma uma unezimpawu zokwehluleka kwesibindi okukhulu, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Indle emnyama, ephuzile .
• Ukuhlanya (ukudideka, ukudideka).
• Uma i-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo) kukhuphuka.
• Uma isifiso sokudla siqhubeka.
• I-Ecchymosis ukuvela ngokuzumayo kwamabala afana nokuphuka emzimbeni .
• Ubunzima bokuhambisa umzimba .
• Ukuhlanza igazi .

I-hepatitis enobuthi ingakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungase ungaziboni izimpawu kuze kube yilapho isibindi sakho sonakele. Kodwa-ke, ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila kungasiza isibindi sakho siphole. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okubangela ubuthi besibindi nokuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani impilo yesibindi sakho. Uma isibindi sakho sonakele kakhulu yi-hepatitis enobuthi, udokotela wakho uzochaza izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ukuze akusize ululame.

Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya

Ngakho-ke, sithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda manje ukuthi iyini i-hepatitis enobuthi, izimbangela zayo, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwayo. Khumbula, isibindi sethu siyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu . Kungumsebenzi wethu ukusivikela.

• Ungasebenzisi umuthi ngokungadingekile . Ungaqhubeki nokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
• Gwema utshwala ngangokunokwenzeka .
• Landela ukudla okunempilo kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo .
• Uma unezimpawu ezingavamile ezihlobene nesibindi sakho, ungazithathi kancane bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha .

Uma sinakekela lezi zinto, singazivikela kakhulu ekulimaleni kwesibindi. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

Isibindi , i-hepatitis enobuthi, umonakalo wesibindi, ubuthi besibindi, isifo sesibindi, utshwala, izidakamizwa