Ingabe kuye kwadingeka ukuthi uhlolelwe i-TB? Ungesabi ukufunda ngalokhu (Ukuhlolwa Kwesifo Sofuba)

Ingabe uzizwe wesaba kancane lapho udokotela etshela othile omaziyo ukuthi "athathe ukuhlolwa kwe-TB"? Noma uyazibuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma kufanele ukwenze lokhu kuhlolwa wena? Iningi lethu liyasaba ngempela uma sizwa igama elithi 'TB'. Kodwa uma sinolwazi oluphelele ngalesi sivivinyo kanye nalesi sifo, singakuqeda lokhu kwesaba okungadingekile. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-TB kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kwenzekani lapho imiphumela ibuya, ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.

Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-TB?

Kulula kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kuhlola ukuthi unawo yini amagciwane abangela isifo sofuba, okuthiwa i-Mycobacterium tuberculosis , emzimbeni wakho.

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa.

1. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-Mantoux .

2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) .

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5. Kodwa-ke, kulezi zinsuku, ikakhulukazi kubasebenzi bezempilo, labo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, noma labo abathatha imithi ecindezela ukuzivikela komzimba, lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kuvame ukwenziwa.

Ubani ofuna ukwenza lolu vivinyo?

Udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezimpawu zesifo sofuba noma uma usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sofuba. Ezinye izindawo zokusebenza, njengezibhedlela nezikhungo zokunakekela izingane, zingase zidinge ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba uqale umsebenzi.

Ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-TB uma:

• Uma ungumsebenzi wezempilo oxhumana neziguli.
• Uma uhlala noma usebenza endaweni lapho isifo sofuba sivame khona (isib. izindawo ezinabantu abaningi njengezindawo zokuhlala asebekhulile, amajele).
• Uma uke wathintana nomuntu onesifo sofuba esisebenzayo .
• Uma unesifo esithinta amasosha omzimba wakho , noma uma uphuza imithi esikwenza kube buthakathaka.
• Uma usanda kuvakashela izwe lapho isifo sofuba sivame khona (njengakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia noma e-Afrika), kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngalolu hambo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi usengozini yalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kwenziwa kanjani ngempela?

Zombili izinhlobo zokuhlolwa zisebenza ngesimiso esifanayo. Okusho ukuthi, zilinganisa impendulo yesimiso sakho somzimba kuma -antigen avela kubhaktheriya we-TB. Kalula nje, i-antigen iyinto engavamile emzimbeni wethu. Uma ingena emzimbeni, isimiso sethu somzimba siqala ukulwa nayo. Lokhu kulwa yilokho esikulinganisayo ngalesi sivivinyo.

Ukuhlolwa kweMantoux

Kulolu vivinyo, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela kabili zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.

• Ngosuku lokuqala:
• Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzohlanza isikhumba ngaphakathi kwengalo yakho, ngaphansi kwendololwane, bese efaka inani elincane loketshezi ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngenaliti encane kakhulu. Lolu ketshezi lubizwa ngokuthi i-PPD (purified protein derivative) .
• Ungakhathazeki, awekho amagciwane aphilayo kulokhu. Ngeke kukugulise.
• Kuzovela ibhamuza elincane endaweni yomjovo. Lizonyamalala emahoreni ambalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ngizungeza indawo ngepeni ukuze kube lula ukuyibona ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.

• Ngosuku lwesibili (phakathi kwamahora angu-48 no-72):
• Udinga ukuphinde ubonane nodokotela. Uzohlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela kwesikhumba lapho kujovwe khona.
• Uma uke watheleleka ngegciwane le-TB ngaphambili, indawo ingase ibe bomvu, ivuvukele kancane, futhi ivuvukele ngokwanele ukubamba isandla sakho .
• Kuyimpoqo ukuya kulolu vivinyo lwesibili. Uma ungayi zingakapheli amahora angu-72, kuzodingeka uphinde ubhale ukuhlolwa kusukela ekuqaleni ngoba imiphumela ayikwazi ukunikezwa ngokunembile.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (Ukuhlolwa kwe-IGRA)

Lokhu kufana nokunikela ngegazi ngendlela evamile. Kushesha kakhulu.

• Umhlengikazi uzothola umthambo olula wokukhipha igazi ngaphakathi kwendololwane yakho.
• Indawo iyahlanzwa, kufakwa inaliti encane, bese kuqoqwa igazi elincane epayipini. Uzozwa ubuhlungu obuncane lapho kufakwa inaliti.
• Ngemva kokukhishwa kwegazi, inaliti iyasuswa, indawo icindezelwa ngocezu lwekotini, bese kufakwa iplasta.
• Konke akuthathi imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu.
• Isampula yegazi lakho libe selithunyelwa elabhorethri. Lixutshwa nama-antigen e-TB bese lihlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi amaseli akho ayayikhipha yini iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-interferon-gamma . Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngemiphumela uma ibuya.

Ungayiqonda kanjani imiphumela?

Umphumela wokuhlolwa ungaba "Ongalungile" noma "Omuhle" .

• Umphumela omubi:
• Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho awuzange ubonise noma yikuphi ukusabela egciwaneni le-TB. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igciwane le-TB cishe alizange lingene emzimbeni wakho.
• Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu ze-TB, udokotela angase enze ezinye izivivinyo, noma ngabe umphumela ubonisa ukuthi awunayo i-HIV.

• Umphumela omuhle:
• Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho ususabela egciwaneni le-TB. Lokho kusho ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yakho, igciwane le-TB selingene emzimbeni wakho.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, umuthi wokugomela i-BCG esawuthola siseyizingane ungabangela umphumela ongelona iqiniso ekuhlolweni kwesikhumba.

Uma ukuhlolwa kukhomba ukuthi unesifo, kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi unayo, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo esisebenzayo.

• I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukuhlola noma yiziphi izinguquko emaphashini.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwesikhwehlela:Hlola isikhwehlela sakho ukuze ubone ukuthi amagciwane e-TB akhona yini.

Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi unesifo esicashile noma esisebenzayo bese eqala ukwelashwa okufanele. Kukhona ukwelashwa kwazo zombili lezi zimo.

Uma kufanele ubonane nodokotela

Uma unezimpawu ezihlobene nesifo sofuba, noma uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wahlangana nomuntu onesifo sofuba, bheka udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.

Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu
• Umkhuhlane omncane ofika kusihlwa
• Ukujuluka ebusuku

Isifo sofuba singabulala uma singelashwa kahle. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma uphuza umuthi onikezwe udokotela wakho isikhathi esinqunyiwe, ungayelapha ngokuphelele isifo sofuba . Ngakho-ke, ungesabi, futhi uma unokungabaza, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.