Ingabe nawe uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, womile? Noma udinga ukuchama njalo? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, lezi zingaba izimpawu zoshintsho olukhulu oluyenzeka emzimbeni wethu, okungukuthi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu phakathi kwethu eSri Lanka. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula nangendlela enobungane namuhla.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?
Lesi yisimo esizokwenzeka impilo yonke, kodwa uma siphathwa kahle, akukho okukuvimbelayo ekuphileni impilo evamile nenempilo.
Cabanga ngale ndlela, kukhona i-hormone emzimbeni wethu esiza amangqamuzana ukuguqula ushukela (i-glucose) ekudleni esikudlayo ibe amandla, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-insulin . Le insulin yenziwa yisitho esibizwa ngokuthi ama-pancreas ethu. Ku-Type 2 diabetes, kwenzeka izinto ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukumelana ne-insulin: Ngisho noma umzimba wakho ukhiqiza i-insulin, amangqamuzana akho awasabeli kahle kuyo. Kufana nokuthi kukhona ukhiye, kodwa ukhiye unamathele emlonyeni wakho. Ngakho-ke ushukela osegazini lakho awukwazi ukungena emangqamuzaneni akho bese unqwabelana egazini lakho.
2. Ukungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kumelana ne-insulin kubangela ukuthi ama-pancreas asebenze kanzima futhi akhiqize i-insulin eyengeziwe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ama-pancreas “akhathele” futhi awakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele.
Esikhathini esidlule, lokhu kwakubizwa ngokuthi "isifo sikashukela sabantu abadala." Kodwa namuhla, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhuluphala kwengane, lesi simo singavela kubantu abasha, ngisho nasezinganeni ezincane.
Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu? Bheka.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili ngezinye izikhathi zingabonakali kahle. Yingakho abanye abantu bengazi nokuthi banesifo sikashukela. Qaphela lezi zimpawu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Kunamanzi amaningi. | Ukuzizwa sengathi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi angakanani, akwanele. |
| Ukuchama njalo | Ukudinga ukuchama njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini angathinta ilensi yeso, okubangela ukubona okufiphele okwesikhashana. |
| Ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni zomzimba | Ukungezwani noma ukuzwa ukuqaqamba ezandleni nasezinyaweni. |
| Ukukhathala okuvamile | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ulele ngaso sonke isikhathi ngoba amangqamuzana awatholi amandla (ushukela) awadingayo. |
| Ukupholisa amanxeba okulibaziseka | Ngisho nesilonda esincane sithatha isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ukuphola. |
| Ukutheleleka okuvamile | Ikakhulukazi izifo zemvubelo eziphindaphindayo. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu | Unciphisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzama. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba amangqamuzana akho ashisa amafutha nemisipha ukuze athole amandla. |
Qaphela kakhulu: Uma unezinhlayiya ezimnyama, ezithambile (amabala) entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni, njll., kungaba uphawu lokumelana ne-insulin. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Acanthosis Nigricans'. Uma ubona into efana nale, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?
Akukho imbangela eyodwa yalokhu. Kubangelwa yinhlanganisela yezici. Uma unezici eziningana zalezi eziyingozi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nesifo sikashukela.
Izinto ongeke ukwazi ukuzishintsha
- Ubudala:Ingozi iphezulu uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-45 ubudala.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma umama wakho, ubaba, umfowenu, noma udadewenu enesifo sikashukela, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Izakhi zofuzo: Amanye amathonya ezakhi zofuzo angaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusebenza kwe-insulin.
Izinto ongazishintsha (lezi yizona ezibaluleke kakhulu!)
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Uma unesisindo somzimba esiningi, kulapho ingozi yakho yokuthola ukumelana ne-insulin ikhuphuka khona.
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga komzimba kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela.
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Ngisho noma kulawulwa ngemithi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyingozi.
- Amazinga e-cholesterol: Amazinga ehlile e-cholesterol "enhle" (i-HDL) egazini kanye namazinga e-triglycerides akhuphukile.
- Ukudla: Ukudla njalo ukudla okunoshukela omningi, amafutha kanye nofulawa.
- Ukubhema.
- Ukucindezeleka kanye nokungalali kahle.
Ezinye izimo zempilo
- I-Prediabetes: Isimo lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ephakeme kunokuvamile, kodwa engekho phezulu ngokwanele ukuthi angabhekwa njengesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kufana nesixwayiso sokugcina.
- Isifo Sikashukela Sokukhulelwa: Uma uba nesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kamuva.
- I-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Lesi simo, esivame kakhulu kwabesifazane, sihlotshaniswa nokumelana ne-insulin.
Isifo sikashukela sihlonzwa kanjani ngokunembile?
Uma unezimpawu noma izici ezingenhla eziyingozi, kungcono ukubona udokotela bese uthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha izinsuku ezimbili ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1c: Lokhu kulinganisa amazinga akho ajwayelekile kashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 ezedlule. Lesi yisilingo esivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu.
- Ukuzila Ukudla Nge-Glucose Ye-Plasma (FPG): Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa ngemva kokuzila ukudla (ukungadli lutho cishe amahora angu-8, ukuphuza amanzi kuphela).
- Ukuhlolwa Kokubekezelela I-glucose Yomlomo (OGTT): Kulesi sivivinyo, igazi liqala lithathwe ngesikhathi sokuzila ukudla, bese kunikezwa isiphuzo esinoshukela, bese igazi lithathwa futhi ngemva kwamahora amabili ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umzimba usabela kanjani kushukela.
Ukwelashwa Nokuphathwa: Yile ndlela esikunqoba ngayo lokhu!
Ukuphatha isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili kuyinhlanganisela yezinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye, uma kudingeka, imithi.
1. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila (lesi yisisekelo!)
Ungase ukwazi ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngaphandle kwemithi, ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila.
- Ukudla okunempilo:
- Nciphisa amakhalori:Lawula inani lokudla okudlayo. Yenza isitsha sethu serayisi sibe sincane kancane bese usigcwalisa ngemifino, amakhambi, nezithelo.
- Nciphisa amaswidi nofulawa: Nciphisa izinto ezinjengoshukela, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, amakhekhe, amabhisikidi, nesinkwa ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukudla okucebile nge-fiber: Yidla izithelo eziningi, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, i-oats, namakinati.
- Ukuzivocavoca:
- Yenza okuthile njengokuhamba ngokushesha, ukugibela ibhayisikili, noma ukubhukuda okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
- Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kungaba ngcono uma ungangeza izinsuku ezimbalwa ngesonto zokuzivocavoca okwakha amandla njenge-yoga nokuphakamisa izinsimbi.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo:
- Ngisho nokulahlekelwa yi-5% - 7% yesisindo somzimba wakho kungaba nomthelela omuhle kakhulu emazingeni kashukela egazini, i-cholesterol, kanye nomfutho wegazi.
2. Imithi
Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zingakwazi ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi.
Okubalulekile: Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yesifo sikashukela. Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma imithi engcono kakhulu noma inhlanganisela yemithi efanele wena. Gwema ukusebenzisa imithi yomunye umuntu noma ukuyeka imithi yakho wedwa.
Eminye imithi evame ukusetshenziswa:
- I-Metformin: Lona umuthi wokuqala onikezwa wona. Unciphisa ukukhiqizwa kukashukela yisibindi futhi usize umzimba ukuthi usabele kangcono ku-insulin.
- Ama-Sulfonylurea: Lawa asiza umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize i-insulin eningi.
- Ama-DPP-4 inhibitors, ama-SGLT2 inhibitors, ama-GLP-1 receptor agonists: Lezi yizidakamizwa ezintsha futhi zisiza ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini ngezindlela ezahlukene.
- I-insulin: Kwezinye izimo, lapho eminye imithi inganele, kungadingeka imijovo ye-insulin. Lokhu akusona ukuphela kwesifo sikashukela, kodwa kumane kuyisinyathelo esihlukile ekulawuleni kwaso.
Masivimbele izinkinga ezibangelwa isifo sikashukela.
Kungani sisebenza kanzima kangaka ukulawula isifo sikashukela? Ngoba amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini isikhathi eside angalimaza izitho ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu.
- Inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi iyanda kabili.
- Izinso: Kukhona ingozi yokulimala kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso.
- Amehlo: Imithambo yegazi emehlweni ingonakala futhi iholele nasekulahlekelweni umbono (i-Diabetic Retinopathy).
- Imizwa: Ukulimala kwemizwa kungabangela ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ezithweni nasezinkingeni zokugaya ukudla (i-Diabetic Neuropathy).
- Izinyawo: Ngenxa yokuncipha kokujikeleza kwegazi kanye nomonakalo wezinzwa, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi amanxeba ezinyaweni ngeke aphole futhi angase atheleleke.
Ungesabi noma yikuphi kwalokhu. Uma ulawula kahle isifo sakho sikashukela, ungavimbela eziningi zalezi zinkinga. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:
- Ukuthatha imithi ngesikhathi.
- Ukugcina ukudla okunempilo.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
- Hlola njalo amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Hlola amehlo akho, izinso, nezinyawo zakho njalo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, kodwa yisimo esingaphathwa kahle.
- Indlela yakho yokuphila, ikakhulukazi ukudla nokuzivocavoca , yizona zikhali eziyinhloko kule mpi.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu. Uma ungabaza, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Phuza imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi ushintshe noma uyeke imithi yakho wedwa.
- Ukuphila nesifo sikashukela kungaba nzima ngokomzwelo ngezinye izikhathi. Cela usizo uma uludinga, awuwedwa. Ngokulawula okuhle, ungaphila impilo egcwele nejabulisayo.
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