Uhlala ukhathele? Uphaphathekile? Kungaba yi-anemia!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu, uzizwe unesizungu ngisho nangemva kokuhamba isikhashana, futhi uzizwe uphaphathekile? Lezi zimpawu kungenzeka zingabi ukukhathala nje kuphela. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe uphawu lwesimo sezokwelapha emzimbeni wethu. Lokho kuyi-anemia, noma njengoba sonke sazi, 'i-anemia'. Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esivame kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngaso namuhla.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginesiqiniseko sokuthi ngine-anemia?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-anemia, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela. Udokotela uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa.

• Chaza izimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe: ukukhathala, ukuphelelwa umoya, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuphaphatheka, njll.
• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Izinto ezifana nezinye izifo onazo, imithi oyiphuzayo, nokuthi uyaphuza yini utshwala.
• Umlando wezokwelapha womndeni: Ingabe ukhona emndenini one-anemia noma ezinye izifo ezihlobene negazi?
• Ukudla: Lokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo ngokuvamile, ukuthi udla inyama engakanani, inhlanzi, nemifino, njll.

Ngemva kokuzwa lolu lwazi, udokotela uzokuxilonga bese eyalela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Kalula nje, kunezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-anemia.

1. Ngenxa yokopha: Uma kukhona ukopha okuvela noma kuphi emzimbeni (isib. ukuya esikhathini okukhulu, ukulimala kwamathumbu).

2. Ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi: Lapho umzimba untula izakhamzimba ezibalulekile (i-iron, i-vitamin B12), ngenxa yenkinga ngomnkantsha wamathambo.

3. Ukubhujiswa kwamaseli abomvu egazi: Ukuwohloka okusheshayo kwamaseli abomvu egazi emzimbeni.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile.

Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kungayithola imbangela. Akuvamile ukuthi kudingeke isampula yomnkantsha ukuze kuhlolwe. Ngakho ungesabi lokho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-anemia?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukwelashwa kungaqalwa kuze kube yilapho imbangela eqondile ye-anemia isitholakele. Ngoba umuthi onikezwe uhlobo oluthile lwe-anemia ungase ungasebenzi kolunye, futhi ungase ube yingozi. Ngakho-ke, gwema ukuzelapha.

I-anemia ebangelwa ukopha

Uma kukhona ukulahleka kwegazi okukhulu ngokuzumayo (isib. ingozi), unganikeza usawoti, ukumpontshelwa igazi, umoya-mpilo, kanye namaphilisi ensimbi. Kodwa uma kukhona ukopha okuncane kwesikhathi eside (isib. izilonda zamathumbu, ama-hemorrhoids), into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuthola umthombo wokopha bese ukumisa. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukuhlolwa okufana ne-colonoscopy. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuntuleka kwensimbi kuyelashwa.

I-anemia ebangelwa ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi

Lena yingxenye edinga ukuxoxwa ngayo ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

I-Anemia Yokuntuleka Kwensimbi

Lolu uhlobo lwe-anemia oluvame kakhulu emhlabeni. Uma umzimba untula i-iron eyanele, awukwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Lesi simo singavela kwabesifazane abasebasha ngenxa yokuya esikhathini kakhulu.

Uma uthatha izithasiselo zensimbi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhumbula lezi zinto:

• Ungalokothi uthathe amaphilisi ensimbi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Ukugcwala ngokweqile kwensimbi nakho kuyingozi kakhulu. Kungabangela ukukhathala, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, isifo senhliziyo nezinkinga zamalunga.
• Gcina amaphilisi ensimbi kude nezingane ezincane. Uma izingane ezincane zigwinya amaphilisi ensimbi ngengozi, kungaba yingozi. Kungenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ukutholakala ngengozi ezinganeni. Uma usola ukuthi ingane igwinye amaphilisi ensimbi, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze.Yiphathe nawe. Uma kudingeka, shayela iNational Poison Information Center eColombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
• Qaphela imiphumela emibi. Ungase ube nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, kanye nokuqunjelwa. Ungaphuza iphilisi kanye nokudla ukuze unciphise lokhu. Uma uqhubeka nokuba nemiphumela emibi, tshela udokotela wakho.
• Ukusebenzisana neminye imithi. Uma uthatha imithi yesinye isimo (isib. amaphilisi e-calcium), tshela udokotela wakho . I-calcium inganciphisa ikhono lomzimba lokumunca i-iron.
• Ukuthatha amaphilisi ensimbi anovithamini C (isib. ingilazi yejusi lewolintshi) kwandisa ukumuncwa kwensimbi emzimbeni.

Kuhle kakhulu futhi ukudla ukudla okune-iron eningi (inyama ebomvu, ubhontshisi, amaqanda, isipinashi, ukudla kwasolwandle).

I-anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12 kanye ne-folic acid

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yalesi simo. Ngokuvamile, kunikezwa imijovo ye-vitamin B12 noma amaphilisi anesilinganiso esiphezulu. Abanye abantu kufanele bathathe le mijovo noma amaphilisi impilo yabo yonke. Ukudla okufana nenyama, inhlanzi, ubisi, ushizi namaqanda kucebile nge-vitamin B12.

Amaphilisi e-folic acid anikezwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-folate. I-folate itholakala kakhulu emifino eluhlaza, izithelo, kanye nokudla kobisi.

I-Hemolytic anemia (i-anemia ebangelwa ukubhujiswa kwamaseli abomvu egazi)

Lesi simo selashwa ngokwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo. Ngezinye izikhathi akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Uma imbangela kuyikhemikhali, ukuchayeka kuyo kufanele kuyekwe. Abanye abantu kungadingeka bathathe ama-steroid, i-plasmapheresis, noma, ngokungavamile, i-splenectomy.

Ingabe i-anemia ingavinjelwa?

Yebo, ezimweni eziningi, izimo ezifana ne-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi zingavinjelwa ngokugcina ukudla okuhle.

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Faka ukudla okucebile nge-iron, i-vitamin B12, kanye ne-folate ekudleni kwakho.
• Uma ungumuntu odla imifino/odla imifino kuphela, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela noma isazi sokudla okunempilo bese uthatha izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo uma kudingeka.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza itiye nekhofi. Ukudla lokhu ngesikhathi sokudla kunciphisa ukumuncwa kwensimbi emzimbeni.
• Khetha okusanhlamvu nezinkwa eziqiniswe ngensimbi.
• Uma usebenza ngezinto eziqukethe i-lead (isib. amabhethri, upende), landela izinqubo zokuphepha kahle.