Sivame ukuba nomkhuhlane ojwayelekile kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lo mkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu kungazwakala kuhlukile kancane, kube kubi kakhulu. Lokho kwenzeka uma kukhona ukuvuvukala, okungukuthi, ukuvuvukala, ngaphakathi kobuchopho . Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibi kangaka, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngaso. Leso yisifo sofuba . Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esingavamile kakhulu, izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, kanye nalabo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka basengozini enkulu.
Kuyini i-Encephalitis?
Kalula nje, i-encephalitis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zobuchopho bakho. Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu. Kuye ngengxenye yobuchopho bakho evuvukele, ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinguquko ekuziphatheni, ukuquleka , kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Ngokuvamile, lokhu kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Isibonelo, igciwane le-herpes simplex. Lingabangelwa namabhaktheriya , isikhunta, amagciwane, imithi ethile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isimo sokuzivikela komzimba.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu bese ucela ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Iningi labantu abane-encephalitis encane liyalulama ngokuphelele.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-encephalitis ne-meningitis
Abantu abaningi bayadida lezi ezimbili ngoba zombili ziyizimo zokuvuvukala ebuchosheni. Cabanga ngobuchopho bethu njengomcamelo.
- I-Encephalitis: Lokhu kuhilela ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lobuchopho. Okusho ukuthi, izicubu zobuchopho uqobo.
- I-Meningitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwama -meninges, ulwelwesi oluvikelayo oluzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla .
Nakuba zombili lezi zimo zingaba yingozi, ziyizifo ezimbili ezahlukene.
Ingabe lesi sifo siyathelelana?
Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuvukala kobuchopho asithelelani kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye, kodwa igciwane noma amagciwane abangela lokhu angadluliselwa.Isibonelo, igciwane le-herpes lingadluliselwa kusuka kumuntu liye komunye. Ngokufanayo, izifo zasebuntwaneni ezifana nesimungumungwane kanye ne-mumps zazivame ukubangela i-encephalitis. Kodwa manje njengoba sonke sithola imijovo, leyo ngozi incishisiwe kakhulu.
Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu?
Kunezimbangela eziningi ze-encephalitis. Ake sizibheke etafuleni.
| Isigaba sesizathu | Izibonelo nezincazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka ngegciwane (imbangela evame kakhulu) |
|
| Ezinye izifo (ezingavamile) |
|
| Izinkinga zesistimu yomzimba (i-Autoimmune) | Ukuphambuka ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba kanye nokuhlasela amangqamuzana obuchopho. |
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangase bangakwazi ukuthola imbangela ethile yalokhu.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-encephalitis
Lokhu kungafika ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. I-Encephalitis Ethelelanayo
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luvela lapho igciwane, njengegciwane noma igciwane, lingena ngqo ebuchosheni futhi libangele ukutheleleka. Abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezinomiyane abaningi kanye namanzi amile basengozini enkulu. Lolu hlobo lungakhula ngokushesha, futhi izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
2. I-Autoimmune Encephalitis
Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Okwenzekayo lapha akuyona i-pathogen yangaphandle, kodwa amasosha ethu omzimba ahlasela ngephutha amangqamuzana anempilo ebuchosheni. Lokhu kukhula kancane kancane. Lapha, ungabona izimpawu eziningi zezinzwa ezifana nokudideka, izinkinga zenkumbulo, kanye nokuxhuzula. Kunezimo eziningana ezithile ezihlobene nalokhu (isib. `I-Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis`, `I-Hashimoto's encephalopathy`).
Isexwayiso: Zombili izinhlobo zingasongela impilo. Uma wena noma omunye umuntu eba nezimpawu ezinkulu zezinzwa njengokucasuka okukhulu, ukudideka, ukuxhuzula, noma ukozela ngokweqile, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Izimpawu zingase zivele ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
| Izimpawu ze-encephalitis | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu eziyisisekelo noma ezincane | |
| - Ukukhathala okukhulu, ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka | - Umkhuhlane (mhlawumbe umkhuhlane ophezulu) |
| - Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu | - Ukuzwela ukukhanya nomsindo |
| - Ukuqina okuncane entanyeni | - Ukucasuka, ukungahlaliseki |
| Izimpawu ezinkulu (iya ku-ETU ngokushesha!) | |
| - Ukuba ndikindiki kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ubunzima bokunyakaza | - Ukudideka, ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo |
| - Ukuquleka | - Ukubona izinto ngezindlela ezimbili (Ukubona okukabili) |
| - Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo (i-Coma) | - Ezinganeni ezincane: I-fontanel ekhanda iyavuvukala. |
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho, kusukela ngosuku ezaqala ngalo. Kubalulekile futhi ukubuza ukuthi ngabe uye ezindaweni lapho omiyane namakhizane kuvame khona, noma ukuthi ngabe uke wathintana nomuntu ogulayo. Ngemuva kwalokho bazohlola umzimba wakho, futhi uma kudingeka, benze ezinye izivivinyo ezinjengalezi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukuthi awunalo yini ukutheleleka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Kuzokwenziwa i-CT scan noma i-MRI scan ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala noma ezinye izinkinga ebuchosheni.
- I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Lokhu kusiza ukuthola ukuxhuzula ngokubheka umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho.
- Ukubhoboza Kwethambo: Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane kakhulu yoketshezi oluvela emgogodleni bese ubheka ngqo ebuchosheni ukuthola ukutheleleka.
- I-biopsy yobuchopho: Lokhu kwenziwa kaningi kakhulu, kuphela uma kungekho okunye ukuhlolwa okungathola imbangela.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-encephalitis iyisimo esibi kakhulu, ngokuvamile idinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nokwelashwa, lapho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nokuphefumula kubhekwa njalo.
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yesifo kanye nesimo sesiguli.
- Ama-Steroids: Le mithi inikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni.
- Imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Uma utheleleke ngegciwane elifana ne-herpes, uzonikezwa imithi efana ne-`Acyclovir`.
- Ama-antibiotic: Uma imbangela kuyibhaktheriya.
- Ama-Anticonvulsant: Lawula ukuxhuzula.
- Ezimweni zokuzivikela komzimba: Ukwelashwa okukhethekile njenge-'Immune globulin' noma i-'Plasmapheresis'.
- Ngomkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu: Imithi efana ne-paracetamol.
Ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ngisho nangemva kokululama
Ngemva kokululama, abanye abantu bangase badinge usizo olwengeziwe ukuze balulame.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Qinisa imisipha futhi yezinto ezifana nokuhamba nokuma.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Funda ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngokuzimela.
- Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo: Nqoba ubunzima bokukhuluma.
- Ukwelapha Ngengqondo: Lawula izinguquko zengqondo kanye nokukhathazeka okubangelwa yilesi sifo.
Ungazivikela kanjani kulokhu?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema amagciwane abangela lokhu.
- Goma: Thola yonke imijovo udokotela ayincomayo ngesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.
- Hlala uhlanzekile: Geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi. Ungabelani ngezitsha, izinkomishi, noma amathawula nabanye.
- Zivikele komiyane kanye namakhizane:
- Omiyane bavame kakhulu kusihlwa nasekuseni kakhulu. Uma uphuma ngalezi zikhathi, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho.
- Beka izikrini emafasiteleni endlu.
- Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane.
- Hlanza izindawo lapho amanzi eqoqana khona. Amathayi amadala, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, kanye nezimbiza zezimbali yizindawo lapho omiyane abasakaza izifo ezifana ne-dengue bebeka amaqanda abo khona.
- Uma uya ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Encephalitis yisimo esibi lapho izicubu zobuchopho zivuvukala khona. Lokhu akuyona imfiva evamile.
- Ngokuvamile, imbangela kuba ukutheleleka ngegciwane. ESri Lanka, udinga futhi ukuqaphela izifo ezithwalwa omiyane ezifana nodenga.
- Uma ubona izimpawu ezinkulu njengokuquleka , ukozela ngokweqile, ukudideka, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma , hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo ingancishiswa ngokugonywa nokuzivikela komiyane.
- Abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele ngokuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza ngezimpawu zakho, ungalibali ukubona udokotela.
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