Sonke sibhekana nomkhuhlane noma ikhanda ngezinye izikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kunezikhathi lapho lezi zimpawu zizwakala zihlukile—zinzima kakhulu futhi zikhathazayo. Lokhu kungenzeka uma kukhona ukuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala, ngqo ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo zobuchopho ezibangela ikhanda . Namuhla, sixoxa ngesimo esibucayi kodwa esibucayi okufanele usiqaphele: I-Encephalitis ( i-Encephalitis ). Nakuba kuyisimo esingavamile, izingane, asebekhulile, kanye nalabo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka basengozini enkulu.
Kuyini i-Encephalitis?
Kalula nje, i-Encephalitis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zobuchopho bakho. Lesi yisimo esibucayi kakhulu sezokwelapha. Kuye ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho evuvukele, ungase ubhekane nezinguquko ekuziphatheni, ukuxhuzula , ubuthakathaka bemisipha, kanye nezinye izinkinga ezibalulekile zezinzwa.
Ngokuvamile, imbangela kuba ukutheleleka ngegciwane, njenge-'Herpes Simplex Virus'. Kodwa-ke, kungabangelwa namagciwane , isikhunta, amagciwane, imithi ethile, noma ngisho 'nesimo sokuzivikela komzimba' lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela khona ubuchopho ngephutha.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ezimweni eziningi, abantu abane-Encephalitis encane bangalulama ngokugcwele.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Encephalitis ne-Meningitis
Ngenxa yokuthi kokubili kuhilela ukuvuvukala okuhlobene nobuchopho, abantu bavame ukukudida. Cabanga ngobuchopho bakho njengomcamelo.
- I-Encephalitis: Lokhu kuhilela ukuvuvukala kokugcwala ngaphakathi komcamelo— izicubu zobuchopho zangempela.
- I-Meningitis: Lokhu kuhilela ukuvuvukala kwe-pillowcase— izindwangu ezivikelayo (ama-meninges) ezizungeze ubuchopho bakho kanye nomgogodla .
Nakuba zombili ziyingozi, ziyizimo ezihlukile.
Ingabe kuyathelelana?
Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho ngokwako akuthelelani kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye. Kodwa-ke, igciwane noma amagciwane abangela lokhu angathelelana. Isibonelo, igciwane le-Herpes lingadluliselwa phakathi kwabantu. Ngokufanayo, izifo zasebuntwaneni ezifana nesimungumungwane noma ugoqo zingaholela ku-Encephalitis, yize ingozi iphansi kakhulu namuhla ngenxa 'yemijovo' esakazekile.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?
Kunezinto eziningi ezingaholela ku-Encephalitis. Ake sizibheke etafuleni.
| Isigaba | Izibonelo kanye Nemininingwane |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka Ngegciwane (Okuvame Kakhulu) |
|
| Ezinye Izifo (Ezingavamile) |
|
| Izinkinga Zokuzivikela Ngokuzenzakalelayo | Lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela ngephutha amangqamuzana awo obuchopho. |
Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangase bangakwazi ukuthola imbangela ethile.
Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Ze-Encephalitis
Ngokuvamile ivezwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
1. I-Encephalitis Ethelelanayo
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lwenzeka lapho igciwane noma amagciwane ehlasela ngqo izicubu zobuchopho. Ingozi ivame ukuba phezulu kulabo abahlala ezindaweni lapho omiyane bachuma khona noma lapho amanzi echibini. Lolu hlobo lungakhula ngokushesha, izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu.
2. I-Autoimmune Encephalitis
Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Akuveli egciwaneni langaphandle, kodwa kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho engasebenzi kahle futhi ehlasela amangqamuzana obuchopho aphilile. Lokhu kuvame ukukhula kancane kancane. Ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezifana nokudideka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kanye nokuxhuzula. Kunezimo ezithile ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba (isib. `I-Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis`, `I-Hashimoto's encephalopathy`).
Isexwayiso: Zombili izinhlobo zingasongela impilo. Uma wena noma omunye umuntu eba nezimpawu ezinkulu zezinzwa—njengokucasuka okukhulu, ukudideka, ukuxhuzula, noma ukudinwa okuqhubekayo —ungalindi; hamba uye eGumbini Eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Izimpawu zingavela ngokuzumayo noma zikhule kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
| Izimpawu ze-Encephalitis | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu Zasekuqaleni Noma Ezincane | |
| - Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nobuthakathaka obujwayelekile | – Umkhuhlane (ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane omkhulu) |
| – Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu | - Ukuzwela ukukhanya nomsindo |
| – Ukuqina kwentamo okuncane | - Ukucasuka noma ukungahlaliseki |
| Izimpawu Ezinzima (Funa Ukunakekelwa Okuphuthumayo Ngokushesha!) | |
| – Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukukhubazeka ezingxenyeni zomzimba | - Ukudideka, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma nokuqonda abanye |
| - Ukuquleka | - Ukubona kabili |
| – Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo (i-Coma) | – Ezinsaneni: I-fontanel evuvukele (indawo ethambile) phezulu ekhanda |
Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-Encephalitis?
Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini. Ulwazi mayelana nokuhamba kwakamuva ezindaweni ezinomiyane noma amakhizane, noma ukuxhumana nomuntu ogulayo, nakho kubalulekile. Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okulandelayo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Kungenziwa i-CT scan noma i-MRI scan ukuze kubhekwe ukuvuvukala kobuchopho noma ezinye izinkinga.
- I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Lokhu kusiza ukuqapha umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni ukuze kutholakale umsebenzi wokuxhuzula.
- Ukubhoboza Kwethambo Lomgogodla (Umpompi Womgogodla): Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu. Kuqoqwa isampula encane yoketshezi lomgogodla ukuze kuhlolwe ngqo izifo ezithinta ubuchopho.
- I-Brain Biopsy: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu futhi kwenziwa kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga zehluleka ukuhlonza imbangela.
Iphathwa kanjani?
I-Encephalitis yisimo esibi esivame ukudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze kuqashwe njalo izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi kanye nokuphefumula.
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela kanye nobunzima besimo sakho.
- Ama-Steroids: Anikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
- Imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Isetshenziswa uma imbangela kuyigciwane, njenge-herpes (isib. i-Acyclovir).
- Ama-antibiotic: Anikezwa uma imbangela eyinhloko ingama-bacteria.
- Ama-Anticonvulsant: Ukulawula nokuvimbela ukuquleka.
- Ezimweni zokuzivikela komzimba: Ukwelashwa okukhethekile njenge-Immune globulin noma i-Plasmapheresis.
- Ngomkhuhlane nobuhlungu: Imithi efana ne-paracetamol.
Ukwelashwa Ngemva Kokululama
Ngemva kokugula kokuqala, ezinye iziguli zingadinga ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo ukuze zilulame ngokugcwele.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Ukusiza ekubuyiseleni amandla emisipha kanye nokuhambahamba.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Ukukusiza ukuthi ufunde kabusha ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngokuzimela.
- Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo: Ukuxazulula noma yiziphi izinkinga zokukhuluma noma zokugwinya.
- Ukwelapha Ngengqondo: Ukulawula izinguquko zemizwa noma ukukhathazeka okubangelwa ukugula.
Ungazivikela kanjani?
Ukuvimbela kugxile ekugwemeni amagciwane abangela lesi simo.
- Goma: Qinisekisa ukuthi yonke imijovo enconyiwe, ikakhulukazi yezingane, ihambisana nesikhathi.
- Hlakulela inhlanzeko enhle:Geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi. Gwema ukwabelana ngezitsha, amathawula, noma izinto zakho.
- Vikela omiyane kanye namakhizane:
- Gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide uma ungaphandle ngesikhathi sokusebenza komiyane kakhulu (ekuseni/ekuseni).
- Faka izikrini kumafasitela.
- Sebenzisa inethi yomiyane.
- Susa amanzi amile: Susa izinto ezifana namathayi amadala, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, kanye namabhodwe lapho omiyane bebekela khona amaqanda.
- Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela uma uvakashela izindawo ezinamahlathi noma ezinotshani.
Umyalezo Obalulekile Wokuya Nakho Ekhaya ovela eNirogi Lanka
- I-Encephalitis yisimo esibi esibonakala ngokuvuvukala kobuchopho. Akuyona imfiva evamile.
- Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Ezindaweni ezifana nezethu, hlala uqaphile ngezifo ezithwalwa yizinambuzane njengodenga.
- Uma ubona ukuxhuzula, ukudinwa okukhulu, ukudideka, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma, funa usizo oluphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Ukugoma kanye nokulawula omiyane kuyizindlela zakho zokuzivikela ezinhle kakhulu.
- Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela. Ungalibali ukubona udokotela uma usola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle.
I-Encephalitis, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, umkhuhlane wegciwane, i-meningitis, ukuquleka
