Ukhathele yini nokutheleleka ngomgudu womchamo (UTIs)? Ake sifunde ngqo nge-Recurrent UTI!

Kuyacasula ngempela uma uthola ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTI), akunjalo? Ubuhlungu, ukungakhululeki, kanye nokuchama njalo okuhambisana nakho... Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho nje ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe umuthi futhi uzizwa ungcono, kuyabuya. Lokhu kuyacasula ngempela. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola lezi zinhlobo zokutheleleka komgudu womchamo ngokuphindaphindiwe, kusho ukuthi ungase ube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo okuphindaphindayo'. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.

Kuyini ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract okuphindaphindiwe (UTI)?

Kalula nje, uma uthola izifo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zomgudu womchamo (UTIs) ezinyangeni eziyisithupha , noma ezintathu ngonyaka , odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi i-UTI ephindaphindayo. Igama elithi "recurrent" lisho "ukuphindaphinda."

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi okunye, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi wake wakuzwa ngaphambili:

• Ukutheleleka okungapheli komgudu womchamo (i-UTI engapheli)
• Ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo komgudu womchamo (UTI)
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile komgudu womchamo (UTI)

Noma ngabe ukubiza ngokuthini, incazelo iyafana. Kusho ukuthi unegciwane emgudwini wakho womchamo, futhi ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, liyabuya ngemva kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungaba yinto ecasulayo kakhulu futhi kungaphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Yingakho, uma unezimpawu ze-UTI, futhi izimpawu zibuya ngokushesha ngemva kokwelashwa, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela . Ngemuva kwalokho ungathola ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu noma iseluleko sokuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka kwezifo zomchamo okuphindaphindiwe?

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-urinary tract okuphindaphindiwe zifana neze-UTI evamile. Ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu:

• Ukushisa noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama (i-Dysuria)
• Ubuhlungu be-suprapubic, okusho ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwenkaba
• Umchamo ophuzi noma onephunga elibi
• Ukudinga ukuchama kaningi kunokujwayelekile (Ukuchama njalo)
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo
• Isidingo esingazelelwe, esingalawuleki sokuchama, kodwa kuphuma inani elincane lomchamo (Ukukhuthaza ukungakwazi ukuzibamba)
• Inani elincane legazi emchameni (i-Hematuria)

Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ungazinaki.

I-UTI ingabuya ngokushesha kangakanani?

Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindekayo komgudu womchamo kuvame ukuphindeka phakathi nenyanga yokwelashwa, kodwa abanye abantu bangase babhekane nokuphindaphinda izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa.

Kungani lezi zifo zomgudu womchamo ziphinde zivele?

Amabhaktheriya ayimbangela eyinhloko yokutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe kwendlela yomchamo.– Ikakhulukazi amabhaktheriya abizwa ngokuthi `(E. coli)` – angena emgudwini wakho womchamo. La mabhaktheriya `(E. coli)` avame ukuhlala emgudwini wethu ongezansi wokugaya ukudla. Ngezinye izikhathi la mabhaktheriya angangena emgudwini wakho womchamo nge-rectum yakho.

Abesifazane, ikakhulukazi, bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokungena kwamagciwane ngale ndlela ezimweni ezifana nalezi:

• Ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, sula kusukela emuva kuya phambili (lena indlela engalungile, kufanele usule kusukela phambili kuya emuva njalo).
• Ngemva kocansi noma ngemva kwemisebenzi efana nokungena kwedijithali kanye nokushaya indlwabu.
• Ukungachami njalo (amagciwane angakhula uma umchamo ugcinwe esinyeni isikhathi eside kakhulu).
• Uma unesimo esifana nesifo sohudo, noma uma kunzima ukuhlala uhlanzekile ngemva kokukhipha indle.

Ngaphezu kwe-E. coli, ezinye izinhlobo eziningana zamagciwane zingabangela i-UTI ephindaphindayo. Isibonelo:

• `(I-Enterococcus faecalis)`
• `(Klebsiella)`
• `(Proteus mirabilis)`
• `(I-Staphylococcus)`

Yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezingabangela i-UTI evame kakhulu?

Ezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo zingakwenza ube namathuba amaningi okuthola izifo zomgudu womchamo eziphindaphindayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nokuncipha (i-vaginal atrophy): Lesi yisimo esenzeka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Singabangelwa futhi ukwelashwa kwezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, njengomdlavuza webele.
• Ukuba nama -cyst agcwele uketshezi (i-diverticula) e-urethra noma esinyeni sakho. Lokhu kungabamba umchamo namagciwane futhi kubangele izifo.
• Ukugcinwa komchamo: Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amagciwane akhule emchameni ohlala esinyeni futhi kubangele izifo. Lokhu kungabangelwa yizimo ezinjengokuwohloka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, isifo sikashukela, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nezinkinga zezinzwa ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis kanye nesifo sikaParkinson.
• Ukuba namatshe ezinso .
• Ukukhubazeka komchamo okubangelwa ukuzalwa: Lokhu kungabangela izinguquko esakhiweni sohlelo lomchamo, okwenza kube lula ukuthi utheleleke ngezifo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukuvinjelwa kwe-ureteropelvic junction (UPJ), i-vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), i-ureteroceles, kanye ne-ectopic ureters. Lezi yizimo zezokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingahlolwa udokotela kuphela.

Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba kanye nezifo eziphindaphindayo ze-UTI?

Nakuba kungekho ucwaningo oluningi ngalokhu, imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba njenge-lupus kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) iboniswe ukuthi inciphisa ingozi yokuthola lesi simo.Kukholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba kungandisa ingozi yokuphindaphinda kwe-UTI. Ngokufanayo, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-steroids kungandisa ingozi yokuthola i-UTI kanye nezinye izifo.

Ingabe i-UTI ephindaphindayo iyathelelana?

Cha, akunjalo nhlobo. Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe komgudu womchamo akuthelelani. Awukwazi ukukuthola komunye umuntu, futhi awukwazi ukukusabalalisa komunye umuntu.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthi umuntu aphinde abe ne-UTI?

Ezinye izinto zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola ama-UTI aphindaphindayo:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala amagciwane : Uma isetshenziswa, ingabhubhisa amabhaktheriya awusizo (i-Lactobacilli) esithweni sangasese sowesifazane avimbela ukukhula kwamabhaktheriya amabi njenge-E. coli.
• Ngemva Kokuya esikhathini : Ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini, isitho sangasese sowesifazane sinobuthi. Lokhu kubuthi kuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi akhule futhi angene esinyeni. Ngemva kokuya esikhathini, i-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane iyashintsha futhi ilahlekelwe ubuthi bayo. Amagciwane angangena kalula esinyeni futhi abangele izifo. Futhi, inani lamagciwane awusizo (i-Lactobacilli) esitho sangasese sowesifazane liyancipha ngemva kokuya esikhathini.
• Ubuthakathaka besinye njengoba sikhula : Njengoba imisipha yesinye ibuthakathaka njengoba sikhula, kungase kungenzeki ukucindezela wonke umchamo. Uma umchamo uhlala esinyeni isikhathi eside, kudala indawo enhle yokukhula kwamagciwane.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-diaphragm yesitho sangasese sowesifazane .
• Ukusebenzisa uketshezi olukhethekile ukugeza isitho sangasese sowesifazane (i-vaginal douche) (Lokhu akuyona into enhle ngempela, ngoba kuphazamisa ibhalansi yemvelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane).
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-antibiotic : Lokhu kungaphazamisa ibhalansi phakathi kwamagciwane amahle namabi emzimbeni.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-UTI ephindaphindayo?

Uma ungakunaki ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo komgudu womchamo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izimo ezifana nalezi:

• Izinkinga ezihlobene nezinso : njengokutheleleka kwezinso (i-Pyelonephritis) kanye nesifo sezinso.
• I-Septicemia ( amagciwane angena egazini )
• I-Sepsis (ukutheleleka okukhulu okungaba yingozi empilweni).
• Ubuhlungu besinye obungapheli .
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana nama-antibiotic kwamanye ama-antibiotic (okusho ukuthi awasasebenzi).

Ukuvuvukala kwe-UTI okuphindaphindekayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaholela ekuzalweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuzalwa kwesisindo esiphansi . Ngakho-ke, uma ukhulelwe, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngezimpawu ze-UTI.

Uyibona kanjani i-UTI ephindaphindayo?

Uma usola ukuthi une-UTI ephindaphindayo, udokotela uzoxilonga lesi simo ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Ubuza ngezimpawu zakho .
• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha uyabuzwa.
• Uhlola umzimba .
• Kunconywa ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Ukuhlolwa okuningi kudinga ukuthi unikeze isampula yomchamo . Ngaphambi kokuthatha lokhu, kufanele ugeze izandla zakho kanye nendawo yakho yangasese kahle bese uchamela enkomishini ekhethekile ukuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "isampula yomchamo ehlanzekile").

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kungenzeki ukuthola isampula ngale ndlela, noma uma isampula kucatshangwa ukuthi ingcolile, udokotela angafaka i-catheter yomchamo bese ethola isampula.

Lezi zivivinyo zenziwa kusetshenziswa isampula yomchamo wakho:

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo : Kulokhu, ochwepheshe belebhu bahlola isampula yomchamo wakho ukuthola izimpawu zokutheleleka.
• Ukukhuliswa komchamo : Lokhu kuhlola ukubona ukuthi amabhaktheriya ayakhula yini kusampula yomchamo wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo, i-UTI ingaphinde ivele ngenxa yohlobo oluhlukile lwamabhaktheriya.

Akuvamile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma usenegazi emchameni wakho ngemva kokwelashwa, noma uma unamatshe ezinso njalo, odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okungenabuhlungu . Lokhu kuvame ukufaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yezinso
• Ukuskena kwe-CT kwesisu sakho kanye ne-pelvis

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangase batuse i-cystoscopy, inqubo yokuhlola isinyi . Kule nqubo, ikhamera encane (i-cystoscope) ifakwa nge-urethra yakho iye kwesinye. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekuhloleni noma yiziphi izinkinga noma izidumbu zangaphandle kwesinye ezingase zingabonakali ku-CT scan.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani lokhu kutheleleka okuphindaphindwayo komgudu womchamo?

Uma usesikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini noma ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela i-UTI ephindaphindayo ukuthatha ukwelashwa kwe-estrogen yesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lokhu akulona iphilisi noma i-patch. Kuwukhilimu, ithebhulethi, noma indandatho efakwa esitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kushintsha i-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kubuyisele i-asidi yaso. Kuphephile kwabesifazane abaningi ukuyisebenzisa. I-estrogen encane kakhulu (mhlawumbe ayikho nhlobo) emuncwa egazini.

Uzodinga incwadi kadokotela yemithi elwa namagciwane yokwelapha ukutheleleka okukhona kakade. Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho ziphela, udokotela wakho angaseAma-antibiotic esikhathi eside, anesilinganiso esiphansi angase anqunywe. Lawa angathathwa isikhathi esifushane njengezinyanga ezintathu, noma unyaka noma ngaphezulu.

Uma unomlando we-UTIs ngemuva kocansi, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uthathe iphilisi elilodwa lama-antibiotic ngokushesha nje ngemva kocansi . Noma, bangase bakunike i-antibiotic yansuku zonke ephansi. Izibonelo zala ma-antibiotic zifaka:

• `(Nitrofurantoin)` (itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama okuhweba njengeMacrobid®, Macrodantin®, Urotoin®)
• `(SMX-TMP)` (Iza ngaphansi kwamagama okuhweba njengeBacter-Aid DS®, Bactrim®, Septra®)
• `(I-Trimethoprim)` (itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama okuhweba njenge-Proloprim®)
• `(Cephalexin)` (itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama okuhweba njengeKeflex®)

Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha ama-antibiotic isikhathi eside kungaholela ekumelaneni nama-antibiotic futhi kwandise ingozi yokuthola ezinye izinhlobo zokutheleleka.

Odokotela bangase batuse nokwelashwa okungenawo ama-antibiotic. Izibonelo:

• Izithako zokukhipha i-Cranberry : Kucatshangwa ukuthi amakhemikhali atholakala kuma-cranberry angasiza ekuvimbeleni amagciwane e-E. coli ukuthi angaphazamisi esinyeni.
• I-Methenamine hippurate (amagama emikhiqizo afaka phakathi i-Hiprex®, i-Mandelamine®, i-Urex®): Lona umuthi olwa namagciwane. Wenza umchamo wakho ube ne-asidi, okusiza ukubulala amagciwane.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa?

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bengcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala ama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqeda yonke imithi oyinikeziwe. Uma ungayenzi, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole i-UTI futhi. Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ubuyisele umthamo ophuthelwe.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele njengomuntu one-UTI ephindaphindayo?

Iningi le-UTI eliphindaphindayo liphela ngama-antibiotic kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukunaka umzimba wakho nendlela ozizwa ngayo. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukuzwa izimpawu ze-UTI.

Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela ukuphindaphinda kwe-UTI?

Uma uvame ukuthola izifo zomgudu womchamo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza lezi zinto:

• Ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, sula kusukela phambili kuya emuva .
• Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze ukhiphe amagciwane emgudwini womchamo.
• Gcina isinye singenalutho bese ukhipha umchamo njalo ukuze usihlanze.
• Sebenzisa amakhondomu esikhundleni se-diaphragm kanye nemithi yokubulala isidoda njengezindlela zokuhlela umndeni.
• Njalo hlala uchama ngemva kocansi noma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi wocansi .

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Hlela isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukuzwa izimpawu ze-UTI. Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki noma zingabi zimbi naphezu kokwelashwa, bonana nodokotela futhi.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma une-UTI ephindaphindayo futhi ubhekene nalezi zimpawu, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo:

• Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• Imfiva
• Ukuhlanza

Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokutheleleka okukhulu kakhulu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Nazi ezinye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Kungani ngiqhubeka nokuthola lezi zifo zomchamo?
• Ingabe yibhaktheriya efanayo ebangela i-UTI yami ephindaphindayo?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Yini enye engingayenza ukuvimbela ukuthi ama-UTI angaphinde avele?
• Kwenzekani uma ngingayelaphi le-UTI ephindaphindayo?

Uthola i-UTI kangaki ngaphambi kokuba "ibe njalo"?

Uma uthola i-UTI kabili noma ngaphezulu zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha, noma ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezintathu zingakapheli unyaka, odokotela bayixilonga njenge-UTI ephindaphindayo.

Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo kungaba yinto engakhululekile empilweni yakho yansuku zonke, futhi izimpawu zingaba namahloni. Zingaba yinkinga enkulu uma zenzeka njalo. Ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile ngakho.

Uma unezimpawu ze-UTI, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela. Bayaqonda imizwa yakho, futhi bafuna ukukusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha okukhulu. Bangelapha ukutheleleka kwakho kwamanje, batuse izinyathelo zokuvimbela, futhi bakusize ugweme ukuthola i-UTI futhi. Bangahlola nanoma yiziphi izimo eziyisisekelo noma ukukhubazeka ohlelweni lwakho lomchamo.

Okokugcina, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho ake sikukhumbuze amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho.

• Ama-UTI aphindaphindayo yinto okufanele uyithathe ngokungathi sína. Ungawanaki.
• Ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa kubalulekile. Ungaziphilisi.
• Ukuzijwayeza ukuvimbela kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Ikakhulukazi ukunakekela inhlanzeko, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, kanye nokuzijwayeza inhlanzeko enhle yocansi.
• Uma uye wandisa le nkinga ngokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezifana nokwelashwa nge-estrogen yesitho sangasese sowesifazane .
• Awuwedwa. Baningi abantu abanale nkinga. Ngeseluleko nokusekelwa okufanele, lesi simo singalawulwa.

Ukunakekela impilo yakho kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Unganqikazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma uzwa ukungakhululeki.

'Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo, ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe komgudu womchamo, i-UTI, ukuvuvukala komgudu womchamo, izimpawu zomgudu womchamo, ukwelashwa kokutheleleka komgudu womchamo, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo