Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu emilenzeni yakho, ikakhulukazi emathangeni akho nasematholeni, uma uhamba? Ingabe kufanele uyeke ngenxa yalobu buhlungu uma uhamba ibanga elincane? Noma ingabe ngisho namanxeba amancane emilenzeni yakho athatha isikhathi eside ukuphola, ingabe imilenze yakho izizwa ibanda uma uyithinta, futhi ishintsha umbala? Isizathu esiyinhloko salezi zinto kungaba ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) ethwala igazi emilenzeni yakho. Ngakho-ke, lapho lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu, enye yezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko nezisebenza kahle kakhulu odokotela abazincomayo ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla.
Kuyini Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Vascular Bypass?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi umgwaqo omkhulu edolobheni uvaliwe ngokuphelele ukuze kulungiswe. Khona-ke izimoto azikwazi ukudlula, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke iziphathimandla zenzani? Zidlula lowo mgwaqo bese zakha umgwaqo omusha oseceleni, umgwaqo odlulayo, ukuze izimoto zifike lapho ziya khona.
Yilokho kanye okwenzeka emizimbeni yethu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass. Lapho umthambo omkhulu othwala igazi emlenzeni wakho uvinjwa kakhulu yizinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kangangokuthi uvimba ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwegazi, udokotela ohlinzayo udala indlela entsha yokuthi igazi ligeleze lizungeze umthambo ovinjiwe.
'I-graft' isetshenziswa ukudala le ndlela entsha. Le graft ingaba umthambo ovela kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho (ngokuvamile ovela emlenzeni wakho). Noma ingaba yinto eyenziwe ngokukhethekile. Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu kuhlinzwa ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi okuhle emlenzeni wakho, ukugcina izicubu ziphila, nokukusindisa engozini enkulu yokunqunywa umlenze esikhathini esizayo.
Ubani odinga lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingwa kubantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu emithanjeni ehambisa igazi emilenzeni yabo. Lesi simo saziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi `Isifo Semithambo Engasogwini (i-PAD).` Lapho lesi sifo se-`PAD` siba sibi kakhulu, ukunikezwa kwegazi emilenzeni kuncipha kakhulu kangangokuthi izicubu emilenzeni ziqala ukufa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `I-Critical Limb Ischemia`.
Kalula nje, umlenze ongenalo igazi uyisimo lapho umlenze ngokwawo usengozini. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-bypass kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukusindisa imilenze yeziguli ezimweni ezibucayi kangaka.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalokhu kuhlinzwa. Ziqanjwa ngokwe-artery lapho kuqala khona i-bypass kanye ne-artery lapho igazi lidluliselwa khona kabusha. Ungathola umbono omuhle ngalokhu kuthebula elingezansi.
| Igama lokuhlinzwa (Uhlobo lwe-Bypass) | Okwenzekayo kumane nje |
|---|---|
| Ukudlula kwe-Aortobifemoral | Kusukela emthanjeni omkhulu oyinhloko (i-Aorta) esiswini, uhlukana kabili njengo-'Y' obheke phansi bese uxhuma emithanjeni eyinhloko (imithambo ye-Femoral) emathangeni emilenze yomibili. |
| Ukudlula kwe-Femoral-popliteal | Iqala kusukela emthanjeni we-femoral e-groin bese ixhuma kumthambo we-popliteal ongaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwedolo. |
| Ukudlula kwe-Femoral-tibial | Iqala kusukela emthanjeni we-femoral e-groin bese ixhuma emithanjeni ye-tibial engaphansi kwedolo. |
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Yebo, impela. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ngaphambi kokuhlela ukuhlinzwa kwakho. Eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial: Lokhu kulinganisa umfutho wegazi engalweni yakho nasemaqakaleni bese kuqhathanisa lokhu okubili. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi kunciphe kangakanani ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho.
- I-Vascular Ultrasound (Doppler Scan): Lokhu ukuskena okungenabuhlungu okungabheka ngokunembile ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kanye nanoma yikuphi ukuvaleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba abantu abaningi abanezinkinga zemithambo yemilenze bangase babe nezinkinga ngemithambo yenhliziyo yabo, odokotela bazohlola nempilo yenhliziyo yakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphephe.
Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona
Ukuhlinzwa kwenzeka egumbini lokuhlinza esibhedlela. Okokuqala, unikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile (i-anesthetic). Ngakho ngeke uzwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza izimbobo eziningana esikhumbeni ukuze afinyelele emithanjeni edingekayo. Okulandelayo, kuthathwa i-graft efanele, idlule umthambo ovalekile, bese kwenziwa indlela entsha ngokuthunga okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungathatha amahora amabili kuya kwayisithupha.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo njengesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sezinso.
| Ingozi/inkinga engaba khona |
|---|
| Ukwehluleka kwe-graft ye-bypass - Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuhamba kwegazi nge-graft kuyancipha noma kuvimbekile futhi. |
| Ukopha ngenxa yokusikeka. |
| Ukutheleleka kwenxeba noma i-graft. |
| Ukulimala kwemizwa, ukungazweli, noma ubuthakathaka emlenzeni. |
| Isifo senhliziyo. |
| Inyumoniya. |
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uzonikezwa imithi yokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ngaphakathi kwe-graft esanda kwenziwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uvuke embhedeni uqale ukuhambahamba kancane. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukujikeleza kwegazi lakho kuqhubeka futhi kukusize ululame ngokushesha. Abanye abantu bangadinga nokwelashwa ngokomzimba. Kancane kancane, uzokwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile.
Khumbula into eyodwa ebalulekile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngeke kuyiphulukise ngokuphelele i-PAD yakho. Kuzolawula izimpawu kuphela futhi kusindise umlenze wakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungavinjelwa futhi. Ukwehluleka kwe-graft kuvame kakhulu kubantu ababhemayo. Ngakho-ke, impumelelo yokuhlinzwa incike endleleni yakho yokuphila.
Kunini lapho kudingeka ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha?
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, qaphela kakhulu ngalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo. Uma unanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, yazisa udokotela wakho noma isibhedlela lapho uthole khona ukwelashwa.
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| Uma umlenze ohlinzwe unalezi zimpawu: | |
| - Ubuhlungu obusha noma obukhulu | - Imilenze ebandayo, ephuzi, noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| - Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukungazizwa lutho | - Ukuwohloka kwamanxeba emilenzeni |
| Uma kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile zezinkinga: | |
| - Imfiva | - Isicanucanu nokuhlanza |
| - Ubomvu nokufudumala okuzungeze izimbobo | - Uketshezi olufana nobovu oluphuma emanxebeni |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Vascular Bypass iwukuhlinzwa okudlula umthambo wegazi ovalekile futhi kudala indlela entsha yokugeleza kwegazi.
- Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi emlenzeni nokuwusindisa engozini yokunqunywa.
- Ukuze ukuhlinzwa kuphumelele futhi kugcinwe isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuyeka ukubhema ngokuphelele nokulawula kahle izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo futhi uhlolwe njalo.
- Uma ubona ubuhlungu obusha, ukungazweli, ukushintsha kombala, noma ukuba kubi kwesilonda emlenzeni wakho, ungakushayi indiva bese wazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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