Ingabe ingane ingagula ngenxa kamama? (Ukudluliselwa Okuqondile) Ake sifunde ngakho.

Ingabe ungumama ozayo? Noma ingabe othile emndenini wakho usezoba nomntwana? Khona-ke lesi sihloko sizoba sibaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Ngezinye izikhathi, izifo zingadluliselwa kusuka kumama ziye enganeni ngaphandle kokuthi wazi. Yilokho kanye esikhuluma ngakho namuhla, ukudluliselwa kusuka kumama kuye enganeni.

Kuyini Ukudluliselwa Okuqondile? (Kuyini Ukudluliselwa Okuqondile?)

Kalula nje, 'Ukudluliselwa Okuqondile' ukudluliselwa kokutheleleka, okungukuthi, isifo, kusuka kumama kuya enganeni yakhe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngesikhathi encelisa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Izinhlobo zamagciwane angabangela lokhu amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, kanye nezinambuzane. Cabanga ukuthi unomkhuhlane omncane. Kungase kungabi yinto enkulu kuwe. Kodwa uma ukhulelwe, ngisho naleyo nkinga encane ingaba nomthelela omkhulu enganeni esibelethweni. Lokhu kudluliselwa kwesifo ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa kwengane isishonile, futhi kungathinta impilo yengane impilo yayo yonke. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani ngale ndlela? (Izinhlobo Zokudluliselwa Okuqondile)

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko ezidluliselwa ngazo isifo sisuka kumama siye enganeni. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

1. Nge-placenta ngenkathi umntwana esesesibelethweni (Esibelethweni/esidluliselwa esibelethweni)

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi uma igciwane lingena kumama, lingena egazini likamama, lidlule ku-placenta, bese lithelela umntwana osesiswini. I-placenta iwukuxhumana phakathi kukamama nomntwana. Ukondleka kukamama kudlula kuyo. Ngakho-ke amanye amagciwane angadlula ngale ndlela aye enganeni. Cabanga ukuthi, njengezinto umama azidlayo naziphuzayo, amagciwane asemzimbeni kamama nawo angadlula kule placenta aye enganeni.

2. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha (Ngaphakathi kokubeletha)

Kwenzekani lapho umntwana efika kuleli zwe, okungukuthi, uma efika ngomsele wokuzalwa kamama, uma umama enesifo esithile, singadluliselwa nasenganeni. Cabanga ukuthi kukhona igciwane elithile emseleni wokuzalwa kamama. Uma umntwana efika ngalo, lawo magciwane angangena emzimbeni wengane, mhlawumbe angene emehlweni nasemlonyeni. Lokhu kufana nokuhamba emgwaqweni omncane bese ushaywa yizinto ezinhlangothini zombili.

3. Ukuncelisa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana (Ngemva kokubeletha)

Indlela yesithathu iwukutheleleka ngesikhathi uncelisa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Amanye amagciwane angadluliselwa enganeni ngobisi lwebele. Noma, uma umama enento efana nama-nipple aqhekekile, amagciwane angadluliselwa enganeni ngegazi. Yingakho omama abancelisayo kudingeka baqaphele ukuhlanzeka kwabo kanye nempilo yama-nipple abo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokudluliselwa 'Okuqondile' kanye 'Nokuvundlile'? (Ukudluliselwa Okuqondile vs Okuvundlile)

Zombili lezi zindlela amagciwane asakazeka ngazo esuka kumuntu eya komunye, kodwa kunomehluko omncane.

'Ukudluliselwa okuvundlile' yindlela esivame ukukwazi ngayo. Okusho ukuthi, umuntu angangenwa yisifo komunye umuntu ngezinto ezinjengokukhwehlela, ukuthimula, ukuya ocansini, noma ukuthinta into esetshenzisiwe. Isibonelo, uma ukhuluma nomngane onomkhuhlane, lapho ekhwehlela, amagciwane angafika kuwe futhi akwenze ugule. Yilokho okushiwo 'ukudluliselwa okuvundlile'.

Kodwa-ke, 'ukudluliselwa okuqondile' kubhekisela ekudlulisweni kwesifo, ikakhulukazi kusuka kumama okhulelwe noma oncelisayo kuya enganeni yakhe engakazalwa noma usana olusanda kuzalwa. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zifo ezidluliselwa 'ngokuqondile' zingadluliselwa 'ngokuqondile'.

Yiziphi izimpawu izingane ezizitholayo kulesi sifo esithelelanayo? (Izimpawu ezinganeni)

Uma umama edlulisela lesi sifo enganeni, ingane ingase ibonise izimpawu ezahlukene. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nalezi zimpawu lapho zizalwa. Kwabanye abantwana, lezi zimpawu zingase zivele lapho sezikhulile kancane, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu eziyinhloko:

• Ubumpumputhe noma ukulahlekelwa umbono
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukukhubazeka kokuzwa
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukuqubuka noma amabhamuza
• Ukuquleka, okungukuthi, izimo ezifana nokuquleka
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo, sikubiza ngokuthi i-jaundice.
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo, isifo samehlo `(Conjunctivitis)`
• Amazinyo amancane, aqhekekile
• Umehluko othile wobuso
• Ukwanda kwesibindi (i-hepatomegaly) kanye/noma i-spleen (i-splenomegaly)
• Ikhanda elincane `(i-microcephaly)`
• Ukubambezeleka noma izinguquko ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhono okunyakaza komzimba, njengokuhamba nokusebenzisa izitho zomzimba

Cabanga nje, uma umntwana osanda kuzalwa ehlala ephuzi, noma enemivimbo emincane emzimbeni wakhe, kubaluleke kangakanani ukuyibonisa kudokotela ngokushesha. Uma kunezimpawu ezinjalo, kungaba umphumela wokutheleleka okuvela kumama.

Yiziphi izifo ezingadluliselwa kusuka kumama kuya enganeni? (Izifo ezingasakazeka ziqonde phezulu)

Kunezifo eziningana ezibangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, kanye nezibungu ezingadluliselwa kusuka kumama ziye enganeni ngale ndlela. Odokotela basebenzisa igama elifushane ukukhumbula lezi, elithi 'TOCH' .

• T - I-Toxoplasmosis, i-Treponema pallidum (ebangela i-syphilis yesifo senhlalo)
• O - Okunye kusho ukutheleleka 'okunye'
• R - I-Rubella `(i-Rubella)`
• C - I-Cytomegalovirus
• Amagciwane e- H - Herpes simplex

Manje, kunezinye izifo eziningana ezingawela kulesi sigaba 'Sokunye'. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Isifo seChagas
• I-Chlamydia
• I-Covid-19 `(COVID-19)`
• I-Gonorrhea
• Amagciwane e-hepatitis (athinta isibindi)
• I-HIV `(HIV)`
• I-Listeriosis (lokhu kungadluliselwa ngokudla okuthile)
• I-Parvovirus B19
• Igciwane le-Varicella-zoster (yilokhu okubangela i-chickenpox)
• Igciwane leZika (elidluliselwa omiyane)

Ungakhathazeki ngalolu hlu. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozothola zonke lezi zifo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi zikhona, ukuze sithathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela kuzo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe bazithola kanjani lezi zifo?

Manje umbuzo uwukuthi, umama okhulelwe noma oncelisayo uba kanjani nalesi sifo ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakhe itheleleke? Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu:

• Ngocansi olungavikelekile (ucansi lomlomo, lwendunu noma lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane). Ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi zingadluliselwa ngale ndlela futhi kamuva zingadluliselwa enganeni.
• Kungasakazeka ngamaconsi amancane (amaconsi okuphefumula) akhishwa lapho othile ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Isibonelo, kungasakazeka kumuntu onomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.
• Ngokuthinta indle yekati. Ikakhulukazi, isifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-toxoplasmosis singadluliselwa ngale ndlela. Yingakho omama abakhulelwe betshelwa ukuthi bangathinti ibhokisi lokulahla indle yekati labo.
• I-parasite ingadluliselwa ngokudla ukudla noma iziphuzo ezingcolisiwe. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nemifino, izithelo, nenyama nenhlanzi engaphekiwe kahle.
• Uma ulunywe yisinambuzane esibizwa ngokuthi i-kissing bug (lokhu akuvamile kakhulu eSri Lanka).
• Ngokunikela ngegazi (ukumpontshelwa igazi). Kodwa lokhu akujwayelekile manje, ngoba igazi elinikelwe liyahlolwa ukuze kutholakale amagciwane.

Uyabona, uma siqaphela kancane ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, singazigwema eziningi zalezi zinto.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezibangelwa yilolu hlobo lwesifo esithathelwanayo?

Ukudluliselwa kwesifo kusuka kumama kuya enganeni, okwaziwa ngokuthi 'ukudluliselwa okuqondile', kungaholela ezimweni ezithile ezibucayi. Isibonelo:

• Ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukuzalwa kwengane isishonile inganda.
• Ingane esibelethweni ingase ikhule uketshezi noma ivuvuke kakhulu (i-hydrops fetalis).

Kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa wesaba uma uzwa lezi zinto. Kodwa khumbula, noma lezi zinto zingenzeka, ungayinciphisa kakhulu le ngozi ngokwaziswa kusenesikhathi, ukuthola izivivinyo ezidingekayo, nokulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu kutheleleka? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, odokotela benza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izifo ezingathinta ingane esibelethweni. Uma bethola ukuthi umama unesifo, odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze babone ukuthi ingane nayo izothinteka yini. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zifaka:

• I-Amniocentesis: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa inalithi encane ukuthatha isampula encane yoketshezi (i-amniotic fluid) oluzungeze umntwana nokuhlola amangqamuzana akhe.
• Ukuthatha isampula ye-Chorionic villus: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yezicubu ku-placenta bese uyihlola.
• Ukuthathwa kwesampula yegazi lomntwana osesiswini: Kulokhu, kudluliselwa inaliti encane esiswini sikamama bese kuthathwa isampula yegazi enganeni esesiswini bese ihlolwa.

Ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nezingane ezincane, lezi zifo zingatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Uma udokotela esola ukuthi ingane itheleleke ngenye yezifo ze-TORCH (kungaba ngenxa yokuthi umama unesifo noma ngoba ingane inezimpawu), bazoyihlola ingane ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Bangahlola futhi ukutheleleka ngokuhlolwa komchamo noma ngokuthatha isampula yamathe ngaphakathi esihlathini somntwana.

Ukwelapha kanjani izifo ezinjalo? (Ukwelashwa)

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka okuvela kumama kuya enganeni kuncike ekutheni umntwana unaluphi uhlobo lokutheleleka nokuthi lutholakale nini. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangase banikeze imithi yokulwa namagciwane, imithi elwa namagciwane, noma imithi yokulwa namagciwane ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi nakuba le mithi ngezinye izikhathi inganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zempilo, ingase ingazivimbeli ngokuphelele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi ayikwazi ukubuyisela emuva umonakalo osuvele wenzeke.

Izingane ezilahlekelwa ukuzwa ngenxa yezifo ezizalwa nazo noma izinkinga zokukhula zingathola usizo ezintweni ezifana nokwelashwa ngenkulumo kanye nokwelashwa ngomsebenzi.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ingane yami ithola lolu hlobo lokugula?

Okwenzekayo enganeni yakho uma umama wakho ethola isifo kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Isibonelo, ingane yathola lesi sifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuthi sasiluhlobo luni lokugula. Ngokuvamile, lapho ingane isanda kukhulelwa ithola igciwane, kulapho ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa ifile, noma ukuzalwa kwengane inesimo esisongela ukuphila iba nkulu khona. Kodwa akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungavimbela imiphumela eminingi emibi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? (Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela)

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ukhulelwe, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwakho. Futhi, uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo esithathelwana ngocansi (STI), noma uma uthola noma yisiphi isifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungakushayi indiva. Ngisho noma kuyinto encane kuwe, ingaba nomthelela omkhulu enganeni yakho.

Ingabe ukudluliswa okuqondile kungavinjelwa?

Yebo! Kunezinto esingazenza ukuvimbela lokhu ngezinga elikhulu. Uma unegciwane elingadluliselwa enganeni yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemva kokubeletha, lingelashwa ngama-antibiotic, ama-antiviral, noma imithi yokulwa namagciwane. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yokudlulisela lesi sifo enganeni yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze uzivikele ezifweni:

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho. Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho ngemva kokuphuma ngaphandle, ngaphambi kokudla, nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.
• Gqoka amagilavu ​​​​uma usebenza engadini noma uhlanza indlu. Geza izandla zakho kahle uma usuqedile.
• Nciphisa ukuvakashela kwakho ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kufanele uye, gqoka imaski. Qaphela kakhulu ngesikhathi somkhuhlane nalapho kuneziguli eziningi ze-COVID-19.
• Buza udokotela wakho ngemigomo enconyelwe wena bese uyithola yonke ngesikhathi. Eminye imigomo ingavikela ezifweni ezingadluliselwa kusuka kumama kuya enganeni ngale ndlela. Isibonelo, umuthi wokugomela i-rubella.
• Yenza ucansi oluphephile. Sebenzisa amakhondomu uma uya ocansini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuthi umlingani wakho ahlolwe izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI).
• Ungazami ukuhlanza ibhokisi lemfucumfucu yekati wena ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma kufanele ngempela, gqoka amagilavu ​​​​futhi ugeze izandla zakho kahle ngemva kokuqeda.
• Uma ulungisa ukudla, kulungise kahle nangendlela efanele. Bilisa bese upheka inyama nenhlanzi kahle ngaphambi kokudla. Geza izithelo nemifino kahle, uzihlubule uma kungenzeka.
• Yidla ukudla okuphephile kuphela. Ungaphuzi ubisi olungaphekiwe noma amanzi angelashiwe. Ungadli izimbaza ezingaphekiwe kahle noma ezingaphekiwe kahle, njenge-oyster kanye nezimbaza.
• Zivikele ezinambuzaneni. Ukuze uzivikele ezinambuzaneni ezifana nomiyane, faka izinto ezixosha izinambuzane bese ugqoka izingubo ezinde.
• Uma uzohamba uhambo olude, hlela kusenesikhathi. Ikakhulukazi uma uzoya phesheya ukhulelwe, kuwumqondo omuhle ukufuna iseluleko "emtholampilo wezokwelapha zokuhamba". Bazokunikeza iseluleko esiqondene nezwe oya kulo.

Futhi, uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uke waya endaweni lapho isifo seChagas sivame khona, cabanga ngokuyohlolwa lesi sifo.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kahle lokho esikhulume ngakho namuhla, okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukudluliselwa okuqondile'. Kalula nje, lokhu ukudluliselwa kwezifo kusuka kumama kuya enganeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma ukuncelisa. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, zokuphila konke, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe ukuze uhlale uphephile ngenkathi ukhulelwe noma uzama ukukhulelwa.

Uma ukhulelwe, ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo, noma unezimpawu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungashayi indiva noma yini ebonakala incane.

Ukuqwashisa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela. Ngithemba ukuthi uzothatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha futhi uthole amandla okuletha umntwana onempilo kuleli zwe!

ukudluliselwa okuqondile , ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha, ukuncelisa, ukutheleleka, i-TOCH, izimo zokuzalwa, ukuvimbela