Uke waba nekati elithandekayo ekhaya elikulumayo noma elikunika ukudla okuncane? Isikhathi esiningi, silithatha kalula bese silikhohlwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kwesigameko esincane kangaka, inxeba liyavuvukala kancane, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kuvela amaqhubu afana namathumba ezindaweni ezifana namakhwapha nentamo, futhi umzimba ungase uzizwe ushisa. Sicabanga ukuthi umkhuhlane. Kodwa ngemuva kwalokhu kungaba yiqembu lamagciwane abizwa ngokuthi 'iBartonella'. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo esibizwa ngokuthi 'iBartonellosis' esingadluliselwa kithi sisuka kulezi zilwane. Ungakhathazeki, ake sikuqonde kalula lokhu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Bartonellosis?
I-Bartonellosis akuyona isifo esisodwa. Yiqembu lezifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa amagciwane abizwa ngokuthi i-Bartonella. Okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezingu-22 ezaziwayo zaleli gciwane, lapho izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-15 zingadala izifo kubantu.
Lesi sifo sibalulekile kithi ngoba siyisifo sezilwane ezifuywayo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi singasithola ezilwaneni zethu ezifuywayo noma kwezinye izilwane ezisendlini. Leli gciwane lisakazeka lisuka kwesinye isilwane liye kwesinye futhi lisuka ezilwaneni liye kithi ngokusebenzisa izinambuzane ezifana nezimpukane, izintwala, noma izimpukane zesihlabathi. Futhi, uma isilwane esithelelekile sikuluma noma sikuklwebha, igciwane lingangena emzimbeni wakho, ngisho ngqo.
Ziyini izimbangela ze-Bartonellosis?
Ibhaktheriya ethi 'Bartonella' ifana ne-parasite engena emizimbeni yethu ngokunyenya. Uma isingaphakathi emzimbeni, leli bhaktheriya lihlasela ngqo amangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi , ama-macrophage , angamaseli abalulekile ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba, kanye namaseli e-endothelial, ahlala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Leli bhaktheriya libangela izifo ngokungena kula maseli bese licasha kuwo.
Isifo esibangelwa yibhaktheriya iBartonella siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko esizibonayo futhi esikhuluma ngazo kakhulu.
| Igama lesifo | Amagciwane abangela | Indlela yokudlulisela |
|---|---|---|
| Isifo Sokuklwebheka Kwekati | Bartonella henselae | Ngokuklwebha, ukuluma, noma ukukhotha inxeba lekati elinesifo (ikakhulukazi amakati amancane). Kusakazeka phakathi kwamakati ngezimpukane. |
| Isifo sikaCarrion | Bartonella bacilliformis | Ngokulunywa yizimpukane zesihlabathi. Lesi sifo singaba nezigaba ezimbili: esibukhali nesingamahlalakhona. |
| Umkhuhlane Womsele | Bartonella quintana | Izintwala zomzimba zidluliselwa kubantu futhi zivame ezindaweni ezingenayo inhlanzeko efanelekile. |
Okubalulekile, lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka . Isibonelo, abantu abane-HIV/AIDS, labo abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza, noma labo abaye bafakelwa izitho zomzimba banamathuba amaningi okuthintwa kakhulu yizifo ze-Bartonella henselae kanye ne-B. quintana.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Bartonellosis?
Izimpawu ezivamile ze-Bartonellosis zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ukubanda, ukukhathala kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, izimpawu ezithile ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwebhaktheriya elibangela lesi sifo.
Isifo Sokuklwebheka Kwekati
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-Bartonellosis. Izimpawu zingase zivele ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokulunywa yikati.
- Indawo lapho kuvele khona isilonda: Siqala njengebala elibomvu, bese kuthi ngemva kwesonto elilodwa, sibe yiqhubu elincane. Asibuhlungu noma siyaluma. Ngezinye izikhathi sigcwala uketshezi, bese somile, bese siphola phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamathathu, kushiye isilonda.
- I-Lymphadenopathy: Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko salesi sifo. Ama-lymph node aseduze nenxeba ayavuvukala. Isibonelo, uma kukhona inxeba engalweni, ama-node angavuvukala ekhwapheni, uma kukhona inxeba emlenzeni, embotsheni, noma uma kukhona inxeba entanyeni, ama-node angavuvukala entanyeni. Uma zithintwa, lezi zindawo ezivuvukile zingaba buhlungu, zifudumale, futhi zingase zibe bomvu. Kwabanye abantu, lezi zingase zitheleleke.
- Ezinye izimpawu: Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ukukhathala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, umkhuhlane, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo nakho kungase kwenzeke.
Kumuntu ophilile, lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu onesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, amagciwane angasakazeka emehlweni, esibindini, enhliziyweni, ebuchosheni, ebhentshini, noma emathanjeni, okubangela ukutheleleka okukhulu.
Isifo sikaCarrion
Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu eSri Lanka. Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu.
- Isigaba esibukhali (i-Oroya Fever): Lokhu kubonakala ngokuqala ngokuzumayo komkhuhlane ophezulu, ukubanda, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuthakathaka, kanye nesikhumba esikhanyayo. Ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi, okungaholela ezimweni ezingathi sína njengobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nobuhlungu besifuba.
- Isigaba Esingapheli (Verruga Peruana): Ngemva kwesigaba esibucayi, amaqhubu abomvu-onsomi (amaqhubu asePeruvian) aqala ukuvela esikhumbeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawa angaqhuma, avuvukale, futhi aphume igazi.
Umkhuhlane Womsele
Lokhu akuvamile futhi ezweni lakithi. Kulesi simo, cishe emavikini ama-5 ngemva kokuba amagciwane angene emzimbeni, umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba kuvela ngokuzumayo. Into engavamile kakhulu ukuthi umkhuhlane ungaphela cishe izinsuku ezi-5 bese uphinda uvele.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-Bartonellosis zifana nezinye izifo ezivamile zamagciwane, kunzima ngisho nodokotela ukuqinisekisa lokhu ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zodwa. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale lokhu ngokuqinisekile.
Udokotela wakho angase athathe isampula yegazi futhi enze izivivinyo ezithile ezifana ne -PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) noma i-DNA Sequencing ukuze abheke izingcezu ze-DNA zebhaktheriya i-Bartonella. Angase futhi enze izivivinyo ukuze abheke ama-antibodies akhiqizwa yimizimba yethu ngokumelene naleli bhaktheriya.
Uma isifo sibi kakhulu, kungathathwa isampula encane (i-biopsy) yezicubu ezinegciwane (isb., i-lymph node evuvukele) futhi ihlolwe.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Bartonellosis?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukutheleleka okuncane njenge-"Cat Scratch Disease" kumuntu ophilile ngokuvamile kungaphela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic.
Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zakho zinkulu, noma uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, udokotela wakho cishe uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuhlala amasonto angu-4-6. Bazokunikeza nemithi yomkhuhlane nobuhlungu.
- Isifo Sokuklwebheka Kwekati: Ama-antibiotic afana ne-`Azithromycin`, `Rifampin`, `Ciprofloxacin` avame ukunikezwa ngalokhu. Imithi efana ne-`Penicillin` kanye ne-`Amoxicillin` ayisebenzi ngoba la magciwane ayamelana nawo.
- Isifo SikaCarrion: Lokhu kwelashwa ngemithi efana ne-'Ciprofloxacin' noma i-'Chloramphenicol'. Uma i-anemia inzima, ukumpontshelwa igazi nakho kungadingeka.
- Umkhuhlane Womsele: Lokhu kwelashwa nge-" Doxycycline()Imithi efana ne-Doxycycline noma i-Gentamicin inikezwa amasonto ama-2-4.
Okubalulekile: Zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha zinqunywa udokotela wakho. Ungalokothi uthenge ama-antibiotic ekhemisi ngokwakho. Lokhu kuzokwenza lesi sifo sibe nzima nakakhulu.
Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo?
Ukuhlala uphephile kulesi sifo akunzima kangako. Kwanele ukulandela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezincane.
- Vikela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo (amakati, izinja) ezimpukaneni nakwezinye izilokazane ngokuzinikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Gwema ukuklwebheka nokuluma ngangokunokwenzeka lapho udlala nekati lakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngemva kokudlala nekati lakho.
- Zivikele ezintwaleni (ikakhulukazi ezintwaleni zomzimba). Hlala uhlanzekile.
- Zivikele ezimpukaneni zesihlabathi ezindaweni lapho zivame khona. Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane kanye namanethi omiyane.
- Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, unesilwane sasekhaya, noma unezinye izinto ezikukhathazayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
-
Bartonellosisigciwane elingadluliselwa ezilwaneni (ikakhulukazi amakati) kanye nezinambuzane ezifana nezimpukane nezintwala. - Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuthi ikati lizolunywa. Kodwa-ke, uma inxeba livuvukile, ama-lymph node aseduze avuvukile, futhi kukhona umkhuhlane, ungawushayi indiva.
- Uma uba nezimpawu ezingavamile ngemva kokuklwejwa, ukulunywa, noma ukulunywa yisilwane, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
- Lesi sifo singavinjelwa kakhulu ngokugcina izilwane ezifuywayo zihlanzekile nokwelapha izilokazane zazo.
- Uma kwenzeka noma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha, funa ukwelashwa kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sezokwelapha.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 🧐 Yini ebangela ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node entanyeni?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani umphimbo obuhlungu ungabangelwa. Ngokuvamile kungabangelwa ukutheleleka komphimbo. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi uma unamakati ekhaya lakho, angabangela nomphimbo obuhlungu ngenxa yesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Bartonellosis (Cat Scratch Disease) esidluliselwa yiwo?
💬 🐱 Ingabe ikati lingaba nezintwala entanyeni yalo uma liluma noma liziklwebha?
Yebo, impela. Ibhaktheriya iBartonella idluliselwa emakatini ngezimpukane. Uma ikati likuklwebha noma likuluma, ibhaktheriya lingangena emzimbeni wakho futhi libangele ukuthi ama-lymph node aseduze avuvuke. Lokhu kuyimbangela enkulu yokuqubuka kwentamo noma kwamakhwapha.
💬 🤒 Wazi kanjani ukuthi yi-Bartonellosis uma unomkhuhlane kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu?
Uma unomkhuhlane ophakeme, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye neqhubu elincane lapho ikati likuklwebhe khona, kungenzeka ukuthi yi-Bartonellosis. Lokhu akusikho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, kodwa kungcono ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu ngoba kuzodingeka uthathe ama-antibiotic.
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