Injabulo umama noma ubaba ayizwayo lapho bethola umntwana omusha ayinakuvezwa ngamazwi, akunjalo? Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngisho nezinto ezincane kakhulu zingabangela ukwesaba okukhulu. Noma ubani ubengesaba uma ebona ukuthi umzimba womntwana wakhe kanye namehlo akhe amhlophe aphuzi kancane. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Jaundice'. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezinceliswa ubisi lwebele kuphela. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale jaundice eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokuncelisa , okungukuthi, 'i-Jaundice yobisi lwebele' .
Iyini ngempela i-jaundice?
Kalula nje, i-jaundice ayisona isifo, iyisibonakaliso sesifo. Lesi simo senzeka lapho kunokwanda kombala ophuzi obizwa ngokuthi i-bilirubin egazini lethu.
Cabanga ngakho, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi emzimbeni wethu nawo aphila isikhathi esithile. Lapho lawa mangqamuzana efa, lapho ephuka, kukhiqizwa into ebizwa ngokuthi i-bilirubin. Lena inqubo evamile. Isibindi sethu sithatha le bilirubin bese siyicubungula ngendlela yokuthi ingakhishwa emzimbeni. Bese ishiya umzimba unendle.
Kodwa isibindi somntwana osanda kuzalwa asikakhuli ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi asikwazi ukucubungula le bilirubin ngokushesha ngokwanele futhi siyikhiphe emzimbeni. Bese leyo bilirubin ephuzi iqoqana egazini bese ifakwa ezindaweni ezifana nesikhumba somntwana kanye namehlo amhlophe. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-jaundice.
Kujwayelekile ukuthi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezingaba ngu-6 kuya ku-8 kwezingu-10 zibe nezinga elithile le-jaundice. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Physiologic Jaundice'. Kuzophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungayeki ukuncelisa ingane yakho ngoba nje ine-jaundice. Ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokuthola amanzi anele okunikezwa ubisi lwebele kuzosiza kakhulu ekusizeni ingane yakho ukuthi ilulame kulesi simo.
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Jaundice yobisi lwebele?
Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayaziwa okwamanje, kodwa odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi into esebisini lukamama inciphisa ikhono lesibindi somntwana lokuphula i-bilirubin. Kungase futhi kube yizakhi zofuzo, okusho ukuthi idluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
Kudingeka siqaphele izinhlobo ezimbili ze-jaundice ezenzeka ezinganeni ezinceliswa ubisi lwebele.
| Uhlobo lwe-jaundice | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuncelisa ibele I-Jaundice (ngenxa yokungabi nobisi lwebele olwanele) | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umntwana engatholi ubisi lwebele olwanele, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala. Uma ubisi luncane, umntwana uba nokunyakaza okuncane kwamathumbu. Ngemuva kwalokho i-bilirubin imuncwa iphinde ingene egazini esikhundleni sokukhishwa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi nesonto lokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa. |
| I-Jaundice yobisi lwebele (ngenxa yengxenye yobisi lwebele) | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho into esebisini sebele inciphisa ukuqhekeka kwe-bilirubin. Lokhu kuvame ukuqala cishe isonto ngemuva kokuzalwa komntwana, futhi kungahlala amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane, noma ngisho nezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu . Lesi akusona isimo esiyingozi. |
Ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi ye-jaundice
- Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi: Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi zinekhono eliphansi lokususa i-bilirubin ngoba isibindi sazo asikakhuli kahle.
- Ukungafani kohlobo lwegazi phakathi kukamama nomntwana: Uma uhlobo lwegazi lukamama luyi-O kanti uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana luyi-A noma i-B, noma uma umama ene-Rh negative (-) kanti umntwana une-Rh positive (+), ama-antibodies akhiqizwa emzimbeni kamama angabhubhisa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu omntwana. Lokhu kungabangela amazinga e-bilirubin akhuphuke.
- Ukwanda kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi lapho ezalwa: Uma amaseli abomvu eba maningi, kukhiqizwa i-bilirubin eningi lapho ewohloka.
- Izinkinga zofuzo: Ezinye izimo zofuzo zibangela ukuba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aphuke kalula (abe buthaka).
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ukubona kanjani?
Uphawu oluyinhloko nolusobala kakhulu ukuphuzi kwesikhumba kanye nokumhlophe kwamehlo. Lokhu kuphuzi kuqala ebusweni bese kusakazekela esifubeni , esiswini, bese ekugcineni emilenzeni.
Njengoba amazinga e-bilirubin ekhuphuka kakhulu, kungase kuvele ezinye izimpawu:
- Ukubonisa ukozela okukhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Ubunzima noma ukungathandi ukuphuza ubisi.
- Ukukhala njalo noma ukwenza sengathi uthukuthele.
- Ukuzizwa ukhululekile.
Lena indlela yokuhlola ukuthi ingane ine-jaundice.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima kancane ukubona umbala ophuzi wengane enesikhumba esimnyama. Ezimweni ezinjalo, zama lokhu: Endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, thinta isikhumba sengane yakho ngomunwe wakho.Zama ukucindezela isandla sakho ebunzini noma ekhaleni lakho. Uma indawo iphenduka iphuzi esikhundleni sokuba mhlophe bese ibuyela embala wayo ojwayelekile uma uyithinta, kungaba yi-jaundice .
Ingabe udinga ukubona udokotela?
Ubisi Lwebele I-jaundice ivame ukuba ngcono ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Uma unokungabaza okuncane engqondweni yakho, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela.
Qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma umntwana engancelisi kahle.
- Uma umntwana ebonakala noma eziphathisa okubi.
- Uma uzizwa ulele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Uma ukuphuzi kubonakala kuba kubi kakhulu (isibonelo, uma kusakazekela emilenzeni).
- Uma indle yomntwana iphaphathekile noma umchamo uphuzi/unsundu omnyama.
Udokotela uzohlola ingane futhi, uma kudingeka, angayala ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izinga le-bilirubin egazini. Ngezinye izikhathi, umshini olula ungasetshenziswa ukukala amazinga e-bilirubin ngokukhanyisa ukukhanya okukhethekile esikhumbeni.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, i-jaundice yobisi lwebele ivame ukuphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kuyadingeka kuphela uma amazinga e-bilirubin yengane ephakeme kakhulu kunamazinga aphephile anconywe odokotela.
Ukwelashwa kunqunywa ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nalezi:
- Ubudala bomntwana.
- Ingabe umntwana wazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
- Izinga lokwenyuka kwamazinga e-bilirubin.
- Indlela yokuncelisa umntwana kanye nesimo sakhe sempilo.
Uma amazinga e-bilirubin ephezulu kakhulu, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo:
- Ukwelashwa nge-Phototherapy: Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Lapha, umntwana uvezwa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhethekile, amehlo kuphela embozwe. Lokhu kukhanya kungashintsha isakhiwo sama-molecule e-bilirubin, okuvumela ukuthi akhishwe kalula emzimbeni ngomchamo kanye nendle.
- Ukuhlala unamanzi anele (Uketshezi): Ukuncelisa ingane yakho ibele kahle noma ukuyinika olunye uketshezi njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho, uma kudingeka, kuzosiza ekusheshiseni ukususwa kwe-bilirubin emzimbeni.
- I-Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG): Lokhu kunikezwa izingane ezine-jaundice ngenxa yokungafani kohlobo lwegazi phakathi kukamama nomntwana. Lokhu kuwumjovo onikezwa ngemithambo yegazi.
- Ukushintshanisa Igazi: Lena inqubo engavamile kakhulu. Uma izinga le-bilirubin liba phezulu kakhulu ukuba lingalawulwa, igazi lomntwana liyasuswa kancane kancane bese lithathelwa indawo yigazi elihambisana nalo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela ukulimala kobuchopho esimweni esiphuthumayo.
Ungesabi uma othile ekutshela ukuthi ingane yakho ine-jaundice. Kuvamile kakhulu ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngokuphathwa kahle kanye nokuqashwa kwezokwelapha, ingelapheka ngokuphelele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthemba udokotela wakho nokulandela imiyalelo yakhe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-jaundice yobisi lwebele iyinkinga evamile, futhi ngokuvamile engeyona ingozi, engenzeka ezinganeni ezinceliswa ubisi lwebele.
- Lokhu kubangelwa yingxenye yobisi lwebele, hhayi iqiniso lokuthi ubisi lwebele "lubi." Ungayeki ukuncelisa nganoma yisiphi isizathu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma i-jaundice yengane yakho ikhula, iba buthakathaka, noma yehlisa ukudla ubisi, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ngokuvamile lesi simo siyaphela emavikini noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba, ungalokothi unqikaze ukuxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho.
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