Sonke siyalunywa omiyane, akunjalo? Nakuba kuvamile, ukulunywa omiyane kungaba yingozi kakhulu kunokulunywa nje. Omiyane bangadlulisela ezinye izifo ezinkulu, njengomkhuhlane we-dengue. Esinye sezifo ezingavamile kodwa ezingaba yingozi yi-Eastern Equine Encephalitis, noma i-EEE ngamafuphi. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, kubalulekile ukwazi ngalo.
Kalula nje, iyini i-EEE?
I-EEE yigciwane elidluliselwa kusuka komiyane liye kubantu nasemahhashini. Leli gciwane livame ukutholakala emizimbeni yomiyane abahlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi ahlanzekile. Lingeqembu elifanayo lamagciwane adluliselwa yizinambuzane ezibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-arbovirus', njenge-dengue, i-Zika, ne-Chikungunya. Cabanga ngakho ngale ndlela. Kukhona inyoni ethelelekile ngaleli gciwane. Umiyane uyafika ulume leyo nyoni. Bese igciwane lingena emzimbeni womiyane. Lapho lowo miyane ufika uluma wena noma ihhashi, igciwane lingena emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi lesi sifo asidluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye
. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma uthinta umuntu onegciwane, noma uma noma yikuphi uketshezi lwabo luthinta umzimba wakho, ngeke lusabalale. Ngokuvamile luthinta abantu namahhashi kakhulu. Ezinye izilwane, njengezinyoni, nazo zingalithola, kodwa azibonisi izimpawu.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Noma ubani angasithola lesi sifo, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubantu abahamba noma abasebenza ezindaweni lapho omiyane bavame khona, njengezindawo ezimanzi nama-mangrove. Ezinye izinto eziyingozi zifaka:
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-15 kanye nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
- Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka, kungaba ngenxa yesinye isifo noma imithi.
- Ukuhlala ngaphandle ekuseni kakhulu nakusihlwa, lapho omiyane bavame kakhulu khona.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-EEE?
Izimpawu zingavela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 neziyi-10 ngemva kokungena kwegciwane emzimbeni. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zivela, zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ezincane nezinzima.
| Izinga lezimpawu | Izimpawu ezibonisa |
|---|
| Okuvamile (okuthatha amasonto angu-1-2) | |
| Okubi kakhulu (kuthinta ubuchopho - i-Encephalitis) | |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu ezinzima zivele lapho igciwane liqala ukuphazamisa ubuchopho. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-encephalitis' ( ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kobuchopho). Lesi yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo . Ezinganeni ezincane, lezi zimpawu ezinzima zingavela ngokushesha okukhulu.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ngabe uye endaweni enabantu abaningi abaphethwe omiyane. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awunazo ezinye izimo. Ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-EEE, kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlolwe igazi okukhethekile (ukuhlolwa kwegciwane le-Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus IgM). Uma lokho kukuhle, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-neutralizing antibody ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala. Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukubhoboza i-lumbar noma ukuthepha komgogodla. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka izinzwa emhlane wakho ongezansi nokusebenzisa inaliti encane kakhulu ukuthatha amaconsi ambalwa oketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (uketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla) bese uluthumela elebhu. Lokhu kuzokutshela kahle ukuthi ukutheleleka kusakazekele ebuchosheni.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-EEE?
Okwamanje akukho muthi othize we-antiviral ongabulala igciwane le-EEE. Futhi, njengoba kuyigciwane, ama-antibiotic awayelaphi. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhloselwe ukulawula izimpawu nokusiza umzimba ukulwa negciwane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Phumula kahle.
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi njengamanzi kanye nejusi yezithelo (gwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni).
- Thatha umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu njengeParacetamol noma i-Ibuprofen ngenxa yomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi unike ingane noma umuntu osemusha one-aspirin . Ingabangela isimo esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Reye's syndrome'.
Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu noma zingathuthuki,
iya esibhedlela noma egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha. Uma ubuchopho buthintekile, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela ukuze uhlolwe. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-craniotomy ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi ebuchosheni.
Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo?
Njengoba kungekho muthi wokugomela i-EEE okwamanje, into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukuzivikela ekulunyweni omiyane ngangokunokwenzeka.
| Okufanele ngikwenze | Incazelo |
|---|
| Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha omiyane. | Faka umuthi wokuxosha omiyane oqukethe izithako ezivunyelwe njenge-DEET, i-Picaridin, noma i-IR3535 esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kuphephile nakomama abakhulelwe nabancelisayo. Kodwa funda ilebula ngokucophelela uma usebenzisa ezinganeni ezincane. |
| Gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba. | Ukugqoka imikhono emide namabhulukwe amade kungavimbela omiyane ukuthi bangafinyeleli esikhumbeni. |
| Gwema omiyane isikhathi esiningi. | Nciphisa isikhathi osichitha ngaphandle ekuseni nakusihlwa. |
| Gcina indawo ihlanzekile. | Vimbela ukuzalana komiyane ngokususa izindawo lapho amanzi eqoqana khona, njengamathayi, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, namathini. |
| Qinisekisa ukuphepha kwekhaya | Faka izikrini emafasiteleni. Sebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-EEE isifo esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu esidluliselwa omiyane.
- Lesi sifo asidluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye.
- Izimpawu zingasukela kumkhuhlane omncane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba kuya ku-encephalitis enzima, ethinta ubuchopho.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu ezinzima (umkhuhlane ophakeme, ukuxhuzula, ukudideka), bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Njengoba kungekho muthi othize walokhu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuzivikela komiyane.
I-EEE, i-Eastern Equine Encephalitis, izifo ezithwalwa omiyane, umkhuhlane wobuchopho, amagciwane, i-encephalitis, iSri Lanka
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