Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engajwayelekile noma ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ingabe isikhumba sakho sibukeka siphuzi? Noma ingabe i-jaundice yengane yakho esanda kuzalwa ayipheli ngemva kwamasonto amabili? Imbangela yalezi zinto kungaba ukuntuleka kwe-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-G6PD emzimbeni wakho. Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma kalula nangokucacile ngokuthi iyini i-G6PD, kwenzekani uma iphansi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-G6PD.
Kuyini i-G6PD kalula?
Cabanga ngamaseli abomvu egazi emizimbeni yethu njengamasosha asebenza. Kukhona 'umqaphi' ovikela la masosha ezintweni ezahlukahlukene eziyingozi. Lowo mqaphi uyi-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-G6PD.
Kalula nje, i-G6PD (i-Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) iyi-enzyme ebaluleke kakhulu evikela amangqamuzana ethu, ikakhulukazi amangqamuzana abomvu egazini lethu, kumakhemikhali ayingozi. Umzimba wethu ukhiqiza izinto eziyingozi (ezibizwa nangokuthi 'ama-Free Radicals' noma 'ama-Reactive Oxygen Species' ) ezikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile. I-enzyme ye-G6PD yenza lokhu ngokuvimbela lezi zinto eziyingozi ukuthi zingaqongelelani futhi zilimaze amangqamuzana.
Kwenzekani uma i-G6PD iphansi?
Manje cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani uma lowo 'mvikeli' (G6PD) ephansi emzimbeni? Bese lezo zinto eziyingozi ziyafika bese ziqala ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi. Le nqubo yamangqamuzana abomvu egazi aphuka ngokushesha kunalokho angakwenziwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-hemolysis .
Uma ulahlekelwa inani elikhulu lamaseli abomvu egazi ngale ndlela, umzimba wakho awutholi umoya-mpilo owudingayo. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-anemia, noma ngokunembile, i-hemolytic anemia . Yingakho uzizwa ukhathele, ubuthakathaka, futhi uphaphathekile ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Kwenzeka kanjani ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD?
Ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD kuyisimo sofuzo esizuzwa njengefa . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuyinto oyizuza njengefa kubazali bakho. Uma kukhona ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okukuyala ukuba wenze i-enzyme ye-G6PD, inani lale enzyme ekhiqizwa emzimbeni liyancipha.
Kodwa into ebalulekile lapha ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onesifo se-G6PD ozoba nezimpawu. Abantu abaningi baphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izici zangaphandle (esizibiza ngokuthi 'izimbangela') zingabangela ukuba izimpawu zivele ngokuzumayo.
Izimbangela ezibangela izimpawu ze-G6PD
Lezi zinto ezibangela lokhu kudala ukuthi umzimba ukhuphule ngokuzumayo inani lalawo 'ma-free radical' ayingozi esikhulume ngawo. Umuntu onesifo sokuntuleka kwe-G6PD akakwazi ukulawula lezi zinto eziyingozi ezikhulayo. Yilapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi eqala ukuwohloka, futhi kuvela izimpawu.
| Uhlobo Lokubangela | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukudla okuthile | Ikakhulukazi ubhontshisi we-fava . Izimpawu zingabangelwa ukudla noma ngisho nokuhogela impova yawo. Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi 'i-Favism'. |
| Eminye imithi | Eminye imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efana ne-Aspirin, i-Acetaminophen (i-Paracetamol), eminye imithi ye-Sulfa, eminye imithi elwa namagciwane kanye nemithi kamalaleveva yiyo eyinhloko. Ungathathi noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. |
| Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kanye namagciwane | Noma yikuphi ukutheleleka, kusukela kumkhuhlane ovamile kuya ekuthelelekeni okukhulu, kungabangela izimpawu ze-G6PD. |
Ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane, futhi kuvame kakhulu kubantu base-Afrika, base-Asia, nabaseMedithera.
Ubani okudingeka athole ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD?
Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD (ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula), ikakhulukazi uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka obungachazeki
- Isikhumba esikhanyayo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukukhwehlela
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-jaundice)
- Umchamo omnyama (onombala we-cola)
- Ubuhlungu emhlane noma esiswini
- Isimo samanje sokudideka
Nakekela ngokukhethekile izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
Kujwayelekile ukuthi umntwana osanda kuzalwa abe ne-jaundice. Kodwa uma ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili , umchamo womntwana uba mnyama, futhi indle iba mhlophe, udokotela angase asole ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD bese enza lolu vivinyo.
Ungawuqonda kanjani umbiko wokuhlolwa?
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-G6PD ingahluka kancane kuye ngelebhu, ngakho udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza ulwazi olunembile kakhulu . Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemiphumela.
- Okuvamile: Une-enzyme ye-G6PD eyanele emzimbeni wakho. Awunakho ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD.
- Ukuntuleka Okumaphakathi: Amazinga e-enzyme aphakathi kuka-10% no-60% kokujwayelekile. Laba bantu bavame ukuzwa izimpawu kuphela uma benesifo noma bethatha ukusabela okubi kwemithi.
- Ukuntuleka Okukhulu: I-enzyme ikhona ngaphansi kuka-10% wamazinga ajwayelekile. Laba bantu bangase babe ne-anemia eqhubekayo noma babe nezimpawu ezivamile.
Ukwelashwa nokuphathwa kokuntuleka kwe-G6PD
Ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD akuyona isifo esingelapheki ngokuphelele, njengoba kuyisifo sofuzo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuphathwa kahle, ungaphila impilo enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga .
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema 'izinto ezibangela izimpawu'. Lena yindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko.
Kumele:
- Gwema ukudla ubhontshisi we-fava ngokuphelele.
- Gwema ukuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efana ne -Aspirin ne -Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho.
- Yazisa udokotela wakho ukuthi unesifo sokuntuleka kwe-G6PD ngaphambi kokukunikeza noma yimuphi umuthi .
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola noma yikuphi ukutheleleka.
Uma izimpawu zakho zincane, udokotela wakho angase akunike amaphilisi e-folic acid kanye ne-iron. Uma i-anemia yakho inzima kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela futhi unikezwe igazi noma ukwelashwa nge-oxygen.
Khumbula ukuthi ama-antioxidants afana ne-Vitamin E ngeke asisize lesi simo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD kuyisimo esivamile sezakhi zofuzo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane futhi akufanele sesabe.
- Abantu abaningi abanazo nhlobo izimpawu. Izimpawu ziyavela lapho bevezwa 'izinto ezibangela' njengobhontshisi we-fava, imithi ethile, noma izifo.
- Ukuphathwa okuyinhloko ukugwema lezi zinto ezibangela lokhu.
- Uma unesifo se-G6PD, kubalulekile ukwazisa noma yimuphi udokotela ngaphambi kokufuna ukwelashwa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okukhulu okungazelelwe, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba, noma umchamo omnyama, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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