Ukukhulelwa yisikhathi sethemba elikhulu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okusha kumama. Sonke siyazi ukuthi kuyinto evamile ukuba nokuvuvukala okuncane emilenzeni kanye nokungakhululeki okuncane emzimbeni ngalesi sikhathi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu ezibonakala zivamile zingaba izimpawu zesimo esibucayi esidinga ukunakwa okuncane. I-Preeclampsia ingenye yesimo esibucayi esingaba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamagama alula.
Kalula nje, iyini i-preeclampsia?
I-Preeclampsia yisimo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lapho unomfutho wegazi ophakeme khona bese uqala ukudlulisa amaprotheni amaningi emchameni wakho . Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuvuvukala emilenzeni, ezingalweni nasezinyaweni zakho. Lesi simo singaba sincane kwabanye abantu, futhi sibe sibi kwabanye.
Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka ngasekupheleni kokukhulelwa, cishe ngesonto lama-34. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi singase senzeke ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ngisho nangemva kokuzalwa komntwana .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ikhambi elihlala njalo le-preeclampsia ukubeletha umntwana. Ngisho nangemva kokuzalwa komntwana, lezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingahlala amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu.
Ukutholwa kwalesi simo kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho nokwengane yakho. Yingakho udokotela wakho ezohlola umfutho wegazi kanye nomchamo wakho kukho konke ukuvakashela emtholampilo.
I-Preeclampsia yangemva kokubeletha
Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Yilokhu esibizwa ngakho uma uba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye neprotheni emchameni wakho ngemva kokubeletha umntwana wakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka zingakapheli amahora angu-48 kusukela ekubelethweni. Kodwa kungenzeka kuze kube amasonto ayisithupha. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-preeclampsia ne-eclampsia
Uma i-preeclampsia ingelashwa kahle, ingaba yisimo esiyingozi nakakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-eclampsia . Kalula nje, uma umama one-preeclampsia eqala ukuba nesithuthwane (ukuquleka) , leso simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-eclampsia. Lokhu kungaba yingozi kumama kanye nomntwana.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Ngaphezu komfutho wegazi ophakeme (ngaphezu kuka-140/90 mmHg), iphrotheni emchameni, kanye nokuvuvukala, ungase ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo. Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Isibonakaliso | Ulwazi olunzulu |
|---|---|
| Ukwanda kwesisindo ngokuzumayo | Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungabangela ukukhuluphala ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu elinzima ngisho nemithi yokwelapha izinhlungu evamile engenakuliqeda. |
| Izinguquko zombono | Kuzwakala sengathi izibani zivela phambi kwamehlo akho, njengamachashazi amnyama antantayo, futhi umbono wakho awucacile. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu | Ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ukucanuzela okukhulu nokuhlanza. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuzizwa unenkinga yokuphefumula. |
| Ukuncipha kokuchama | Ukuchama okungaphansi kokujwayelekile noma ukungachami nhlobo. |
Kodwa khumbula!Ngezinye izikhathi ungaba ne-preeclampsia ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emtholampilo ngesikhathi futhi uhlolwe umfutho wegazi nomchamo wakho.
Izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi ze-preeclampsia
Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayaziwa okwamanje. Kodwa ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi imbangela eyinhloko ukuthi i-placenta, eyondla umntwana, ayisebenzi kahle . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ukwehla kwenani legazi eliya esibelethweni. Kukhona nethonya lezakhi zofuzo.
Hlola la maqiniso ukuze uthole ukuthi usengozini enkulu yini yokuthola lesi simo:
- Izinto ezandisa ingozi:
- Uma uke waba ne-preeclampsia ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini.
- Uma kunezingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa esibelethweni, njengamawele noma amawele amathathu.
- Uma une-high blood pressure ekhona ngaphambilini (i-Chronic hypertension).
- Uma unesifo sezinso.
- Uma unesifo sikashukela .
- Uma unezifo zamasosha omzimba ezifana ne-lupus.
- Izici ezijwayelekile zengozi:
- Uma lokhu kungukukhulelwa kwakho kokuqala.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala.
- Uma inkomba yesisindo somzimba (i-BMI) ingaphezu kwama-30 (ukukhuluphala).
- Uma othile emndenini (umama, udadewabo) eke waba ne-preeclampsia.
- Uma ukhulelwe ngobuchwepheshe be-IVF.
- Uma uke waba nezinkinga ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini, njengokuba nomntwana onesisindo esiphansi.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-preeclampsia?
Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esithinta umama nomntwana.
Imiphumela engaba khona enganeni:
- Ukuvinjelwa Kokukhula Kwengane Esanda Kuzalwa: Ngenxa yokuncipha kwegazi eliya ku-placenta, ingane ayitholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingayo. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ingane ikhule kabi futhi izalwe inesisindo esincane sokuzalwa.
- Ukuzalwa Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi: Ezimweni eziningi, uma i-preeclampsia iba nzima, umntwana kuzodingeka abelethwe ngaphambi kosuku lokuzalwa. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga enganeni, njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukudla, kanye nokukhubazeka kokubona nokuzwa.
Imiphumela engaba khona kumama:
- I-Eclampsia: Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ukuxhuzula kwenzeka.
- I-HELLP Syndrome: Lokhu futhi kuyinkinga eyingozi kakhulu edinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Igama elithi HELLP limele:
- I-Hemolysis (ukuwohloka kwamaseli egazi)
- Ama-enzyme esibindi aphakanyisiwe
- Inani eliphansi lamaplatelet (ukwehla kwamaplatelet egazi - ukwehluleka kokuqina kwegazi)
- Ukulimala kwezinye izitho zomzimba: Izinso, isibindi, amaphaphu, inhliziyo, kanye nobuchopho kungalimaza. Ngisho nezimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi zingaba khona.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwe-placenta: Ukuhlukana okungazelelwe kwe-placenta odongeni lwesibeletho. Lokhu kusongela impilo yengane.
Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-HELLP syndrome, njengokungaboni kahle, ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba noma besisu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathala okukhulu, ukuhlanza, noma ukopha kwezinsini, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, ikhambi elihlala njalo le-preeclampsia ukubeletha umntwana. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokubeletha umntwana wakho sinini. Lesi sinqumo sizoncika ekutheni ingane yakho isesibelethweni amasonto amangaki, impilo yengane, kanye nobunzima be-preeclampsia yakho.
- Uma umntwana ekhule kahle (amasonto angu-37 noma kamuva): Udokotela angase anqume ukubeletha umntwana kusenesikhathi ngokubangela ukubeletha noma ukwenza ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungavimbela isimo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu.
- Uma ingane ingakafiki isikhathi sokubeletha (ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37): Ngaphandle kokuthi isimo sakho sibi kakhulu (i-preeclampsia encane), udokotela wakho uzozama ukuvumela ingane ukuba ikhule esibelethweni sakho isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uzogcinwa esibhedlela futhi uqashwe ngokucophelela.
- Kuzohlinzekwa indawo yokuphumula embhedeni.
- Bazokunikeza umuthi wokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho.
- Imithi efana ne-magnesium sulfate izonikezwa ukuvimbela ukulingana.
- Kuzonikezwa imijovo ye-steroid ukusiza amaphaphu engane akhule ngokushesha.
- Uzoqashwa njalo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kanye nokuskena nge-ultrasound ukuze kuhlolwe isimo somntwana.
Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, ingane kungadingeka ibelethwe ngokushesha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane ikhulelwe amasonto amangaki.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela lokhu?
Nakuba kungenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, ingozi ingancishiswa. Uma usengozini enkulu ye-preeclampsia, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uphuze i-aspirin ephansi nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi uthathe noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, lawula isisindo sakho.
- Gwema ukubhema.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
- Ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Preeclampsia yisimo esibonakala ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye neprotheyini emchameni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuvuvukala nakho kuyisibonakaliso esivamile.
- Lokhu kungaba yingozi kakhulu kumama kanye nengane, ngakho-ke qaphela izimpawu.
- Lesi simo singavela ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uya kuyo yonke imitholampilo.
- Ukuphela kokwelashwa okuhlala njalo kwe-preeclampsia ukubeletha umntwana.
- Uma uzwa ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ukushintsha kombono, noma ubuhlungu engxenyeni ephezulu kwesokudla yesisu sakho, shayela udokotela wakho noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
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