Uyazazi yini izifo zenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Ake sixoxe!

Uma ungumama okhulelwe noma usuvele ukhulelwe, lesi sihloko sizoba sibaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Ukukhulelwa yisikhathi esikhethekile kakhulu, esihle, futhi isikhathi lapho imizimba yethu ibhekana nezinguquko eziningi. Inhliziyo yethu, ikakhulukazi, inomthwalo womsebenzi owengeziwe phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ngoba inhliziyo inendima enkulu ekuhlinzekeni ukudla okunomsoco kanye nomoya-mpilo odingekayo kokubili kumama nakumntwana. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi kungenzeka yini isifo senhliziyo phakathi nalesi sikhathi nokuthi ukukhulelwa kubathinta kanjani labo asebevele benesifo senhliziyo.

Yiziphi izifo zenhliziyo ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Kalula nje, lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinkinga zenhliziyo yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Izimo zenhliziyo ezazikhona: Lezi yizimo zenhliziyo owawunazo ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Kungenzeka ukuthi azizange zikubangele izimpawu ezinkulu noma zibe yinkinga enkulu. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lezi zimo zingakuthinta ngendlela ehlukile futhi zingabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene.

2. Izimo zenhliziyo ezikhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Lezi yizimo obungenazo ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe futhi ezikhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezinye zazo zingase zingabi yingozi, kodwa ezinye zingaba yingozi.

Iningi labesifazane abanesifo senhliziyo lingakhulelwa ngokuphephile futhi libelethe umntwana onempilo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi isifo senhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Eqinisweni, isifo senhliziyo sitholakale njengembangela ehamba phambili yokufa komama kwamanye amazwe athuthukile.

• Ngokusho kweminye imibiko, cishe ingxenye yesithathu yokufa okuhlobene nokukhulelwa kubangelwa izinkinga zesimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• Omama abakhulelwe abangaba ngu-4 kwabayi-100 bangase babe nezinkinga ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.
• Izinto ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, kanye nobudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 yizinto ezandisa ingozi yokufa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi isifo senhliziyo singakuthinta kanjani. Kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, ake sibheke ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuyithinta kanjani inhliziyo yakho kanye nemithambo yegazi.

Izinguquko enhliziyweni yakho nasemithanjeni yegazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Umzimba wakho udlula ezinguqukweni eziningi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lezi zinguquko zibeka umthwalo owengeziwe emzimbeni wakho, futhi inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima. Izinguquko ezingezansi zivamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Zisiza ingane yakho ekhulayo ukuthi ithole umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingayo.

• Ukwanda komthamo wegazi: Umthamo wegazi lakho uqala ukwanda emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okukhulelwa, futhi uyaqhubeka nokwanda. Umthamo wegazi labesifazane abaningi ukhuphuka ngo-40% kuya ku-45% ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Cabanga nje, ukuthi inhliziyo yakho inegazi elingakanani okufanele ilipompe kunalelo elivamile!
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo:Kuvamile ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho likhuphuke ngokushaya okungu-10 kuya ku-20 ngomzuzu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kukhula kancane kancane, kufinyelela esicongweni ngesikhathi sekota yesithathu.
• Ukwanda kokukhishwa kwenhliziyo: Ukukhishwa kwenhliziyo inani legazi inhliziyo yakho elimpompa ngomzuzu. Phakathi kwamasonto angama-28 nama-34, ukuphuma kwenhliziyo yakho kunganda ngo-30% kuya ku-50%. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda komthamo wegazi kanye nokwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo. Uma ukhulelwe amawele, ukuphuma kwenhliziyo yakho kunganda ngamaphesenti angama-60.

Lezi zinguquko zingakwenza uzizwe izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (ukukhathala) .
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) .
• Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha (ukushaya kwenhliziyo) .

Lezi yizimpawu ezivamile zokukhulelwa. Kodwa nansi inkinga: Lezi zimpawu ezifanayo zingaba yizimpawu zezinye izimo zenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe unezimpawu eziyisixwayiso zesifo senhliziyo, ungase uzishaye indiva, ucabange ukuthi, "Kunjalo nje ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa." Yingakho isifo senhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa singaba yingozi. Kungaba nzima ukwazi ukuthi uphawu luvamile noma into okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo esivele sikhona, usengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezihlobene nenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ingozi yakho incike esimweni esithile onaso kanye nobunzima baso.

Yiziphi izimo zenhliziyo ezikhona kakade ezingathinta ukukhulelwa?

Ezinye izifo zenhliziyo zingandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma unezinye zezimo ezingezansi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zokukhulelwa.

Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso

Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso yisimo esiba khona lapho kuzalwa. Ezinye zalezi zimo zingaba zincane, kanti ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Izingane ezinezimo ezibucayi zivame ukwelashwa zisencane. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo zingenzeka ngemva kokwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa.

Ngakho-ke, uma unesifo senhliziyo esizalwe naso, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezifo zenhliziyo ozalwe naso omdala noma kuchwepheshe wezifo zenhliziyo nokubeletha. Bangahlola izingozi zakho zokukhulelwa. Bangakusiza futhi ukuthi ubone futhi uphathe izingozi zokukhulelwa okungahleliwe.

Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezivame kakhulu ezibonakala kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa yilezi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-arrhythmia) .
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo .

Uma unesifo senhliziyo ozalwa naso, usengozini enkulu yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi .

Ngokuvamile, abesifazane abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezilandelayo basengozini encane yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa:

• I-stenosis encane ye-valve yamaphaphu.
• Uma "izimbobo" ezincane enhliziyweni zilungiswe ngempumelelo, njengezinkinga ze-atrial septal (ASDs) kanye nezinkinga ze-ventricular septal (VSDs).
• I-patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) encane noma elungiswe ngempumelelo.

Abesifazane abanalezi zimo zenhliziyo abazalwa nazo bangase babe sengozini enkulu yezinkinga zokukhulelwa:

• I-stenosis ye-aortic valve ene-aortic valve e-bicuspid.
• Ukuhlangana kwe-aorta.
• I-Ebstein's anomaly.
• I-physiology ye-Fontan.
• Ukuqina okukhulu kwe-valve yamaphaphu.
• I-Tetralogy of Fallot (ilungisiwe)
• Ukuguqulwa kwemithambo emikhulu (kulungisiwe)

Khumbula, kunezinye izinkinga eziningi zenhliziyo ozalwa nazo ezingekho kulolu hlu. Ngisho noma isimo senhliziyo yakho singekho kulolu hlu, kusabalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela uma ucabanga ngokukhulelwa.

I-cardiomyopathy

I-cardiomyopathy iyimbangela ehamba phambili yezinkinga ezinkulu kanye nokufa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezivela ku-cardiomyopathy incike ohlotsheni onalo kanye nobunzima balo.

Cishe abesifazane abane kwabayi-10 abane-dilated cardiomyopathy bazoba nesifo senhliziyo noma ezinye izinkinga. I-Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ayiyona ingozi kangako ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, isengadala izinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma ubunezimpawu ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.

Uma une-cardiomyopathy, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zakho ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.

Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zesifo se-valve yenhliziyo ezingase zenzeke ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakho. Zingahluka kusukela kokuncane kuya kokubi kakhulu. Ezinye izifo ze-valve zingase zingakuthinti ukukhulelwa kwakho, kodwa ezinye zingandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga. Uma unomlando wesifo se-valve, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuphephile yini kuwe.

• Ukuvuselelwa kwe-valve ye-aorta:Izinga lakho lengozi lincike ebunzimeni be-reflux (ukuvuza). Uma ungenazo izimpawu futhi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle, usengozini encane yezinkinga. Kodwa uma une-reflux enzima enomsebenzi wenhliziyo onciphile, usengozini enkulu, futhi kungadingeka ugweme ukukhulelwa. Izimo ezihlobene njenge-Marfan syndrome noma i-bicuspid aortic valve nazo zingathinta ingozi yakho.
• Ukwehla kwe-valve ye-Mitral: Lesi yisimo esivamile esivame ukungabi nazimpawu noma esidinga ukwelashwa. Iningi labesifazane abane-valve ye-mitral prolapse abangenazo ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo abanazo izinkinga zokukhulelwa. Uma isimo sakho sibangele ukuvuza okukhulu kwe-valve, kungadingeka ukuthi welashwe ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
• Ukubuyiselwa kwe-valve ye-Mitral: Izinga lakho lengozi lincike ekutheni i-valve yakho ivuza kangakanani, ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ingampompa igazi kahle kangakanani, nokuthi unazo yini izimpawu. Uma ukubuyiselwa kwe-valve yakho kukhulu futhi unezimpawu, kungadingeka ukuthi ulungiswe i-valve ye-mitral ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Abesifazane abanokubuyiselwa kwe-valve okukhulu kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo okungekuhle nabo kungadingeka bagweme ukukhulelwa.
• I-Mitral valve stenosis: Lena inkinga yenhliziyo evame kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa emhlabeni jikelele. Ivame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho umkhuhlane wamathambo (isimo esibangelwa umkhuhlane obomvu ongalashwa kanye nokutheleleka komphimbo) kuvame khona. Uma une-mitral valve stenosis, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe ukuze unciphise ingozi yezinkinga.

Ukufakwa kwamavalvu kungasiza abantu abanesifo samavalvu ukuba baphile impilo ende nenempilo. Kodwa abesifazane abane-valve yenhliziyo yokufakelwa badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngoba:

• Ukukhulelwa kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Ukuba ne-valve yokwenziwa kwandisa nengozi yakho yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Uma unezivalo zokufakelwa, kuzodingeka uphuze imithi yokuvimbela ukugabha kwegazi impilo yakho yonke ukuze unciphise ingozi yokugabha kwegazi. Amanye ama-anticoagulant angaba yingozi enganeni.

Uma une-valve yokufakelwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuhlela ukukhulelwa. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ingozi yakho yokukhulelwa.
• Ukwelashwa okuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi okufanele wena.
• Izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzithathe ukuze uvimbele i-endocarditis.

Isifo se-aorta

Isifo se-aorta, noma i-aortaopathy, yiqembu lezifo ezithinta i-aorta yakho. Izifo zofuzo zihlotshaniswa nezinye izifo ze-aorta.

Isifo se-aorta sandisa ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingcindezi ku-aorta iyanda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubeletha kanye nokubeletha. Lokhu kucindezela okwengeziwe kwandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwe-aorta noma ukuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm, okungaba yingozi.

Abesifazane abanezimo ezilandelayo basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa:

• I-valve ye-aortic ye-bicuspid enokukhula kwe-aortic.
• Ukuba nomlando wokuqhekeka komthambo i-aorta.
• Isifo sikaLoeys-Dietz.
• I-Marfan syndrome.
• I-Turner syndrome.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi i-Ehlers-Danlos.

Okubalulekile: Cishe ingxenye yokuqhekeka komthambo wegazi oyinhloko kanye nokuqhekeka kwawo kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 kuhlobene nokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ku-trimester yesithathu noma ngemva kokubeletha.

Uma unesifo se-aorta, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wenhliziyo ukuze akuhlole ngaphambi kokuhlela ukukhulelwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezintsha zenhliziyo ezingavela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ngisho noma ungenawo umlando wesifo senhliziyo, ukukhulelwa kungabangela izinkinga ezahlukene ngenhliziyo noma emithanjeni yegazi.

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension)

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uthinta cishe owesifazane oyedwa kwabayi-10 abakhulelwe. Futhi kuyisimo esivamile.

Ukuxilongwa komfutho wegazi ophezulu kuhlanganisa:

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme wokukhulelwa: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (okungenani u-140/90 mmHG) oqala ngemva kwamasonto angu-20 okukhulelwa.
• I-Preeclampsia: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme oqala ngemva kwamasonto angama-20. Lokhu kuhambisana nephrotheni emchameni wakho noma ubufakazi bomonakalo wezitho zomzimba. I-Eclampsia yisimo esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 zokubeletha, okuhambisana nokuxhuzula.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongapheli: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme oqala ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-20 noma ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongapheli one-preeclampsia ephakanyisiwe: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongapheli onephrotheni emchameni noma ubufakazi bokulimala kwezitho zomzimba.

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini avela ngemva kwamasonto angama-20 okukhulelwa. Uma singelashwa, lesi simo sandisa ingozi yezinkinga kuwe nakumntwana wakho.

Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmias)

Ukukhulelwa kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuba nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uke waba nakho ngaphambili noma cha. Izinhlobo ze-arrhythmias ongase uzizwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zifaka:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwe-Ectopic: Lokhu ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwengeziwe okuvame ukungabi nangozi.
• I-Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT): Lokhu ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okuqala emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo yakho (i-atria). Lokhu kuyi-arrhythmia ehlala isikhathi eside (ehlala imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-30) evame kakhulu ukubonakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Usengozini enkulu uma unomlando we-SVT noma ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwa nakho. Kodwa kungenzeka futhi okokuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Amanye ama-arrhythmia adinga ukwelashwa, kanti amanye awadingi ukwelashwa. Abesifazane abanesifo senhliziyo abazalwa naso kanye nama-arrhythmia banamathuba amaningi okudinga ukwelashwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzonquma ukwelashwa okuphephile kakhulu kuwe.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemithambo yenhliziyo okuzenzekelayo (SCAD)

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemithambo yenhliziyo okuzenzekelayo (i-SCAD) kuyisimo esisongela ukuphila. I-SCAD ukudabuka komunye noma ngaphezulu kwemithambo yegazi enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yakho. Abantu abane kwabahlanu ababhekana ne-SCAD ngabesifazane. Cishe oyedwa kwabathathu bahlobene nokukhulelwa. I-SCAD ivame ukwenzeka phakathi nesonto lokubeletha, kodwa ingenzeka futhi ekupheleni kokukhulelwa noma phakathi namasonto ayisithupha okubeletha.

Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izinguquko zamahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zidlala indima. Ezinye izinto eziyingozi phakathi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe zifaka:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ubudala.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine.
• Izifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo.
• Isifo sikashukela.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ukusetshenziswa kogwayi.

Ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo (i-Myocardial ischemia)

I-myocardial ischemia yilapho inhliziyo yakho ingenalo igazi elanele. Lokhu kungabangela:

• I-angina ezinzile.
• I-angina engazinzile.
• Isifo senhliziyo.

Cishe abantu ababili kwabangu-25,000 abalaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa yokukhulelwa babangelwa yi-myocardial ischemia. Izici eziyingozi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe zifaka:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ubudala.
• Isifo sikashukela.
• Umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu noma i-triglycerides ephezulu.
• Umlando wokuhlukaniswa kwemithambo yenhliziyo okuzenzekelayo `(SCAD)`.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile/ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Ukusetshenziswa kogwayi.

I-cardiomyopathy ye-Peripartum

I-Peripartum cardiomyopathy uhlobo lokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okwenzeka ekupheleni kokukhulelwa noma ngemuva nje kokubeletha. Luthinta abesifazane abangakaze batholakale benesifo senhliziyo ngaphambilini. Lesi simo senza inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni wakho. Kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kodwa ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.

I-Deep vein thrombosis kanye ne-pulmonary embolism

Ukukhulelwa kwandisa ingozi ye-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) kanye ne-pulmonary embolisms (PE). Lezi zimo zivame ngokuphindwe kane kuya kahlanu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kunabesifazane abangakhulelwe. Ngokuvamile zenzeka esikhathini sokuzala (zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha zokubeletha).

I-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) ihlule legazi emthanjeni ojulile emzimbeni wakho (ngokuvamile emlenzeni wakho). I-pulmonary embolism (PE) ihlule legazi elakheka ndawana thize emzimbeni wakho bese liya emaphashini akho.

Ingozi yakho iphakeme uma unomlando wamahlule egazi noma i-embolism. Uma une-DVT noma i-PE, cishe kuzodingeka welashwe ngemithi yokunciphisa igazi. Udokotela wakho kufanele akunike imithi yokunciphisa igazi ephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Yisiphi isifo senhliziyo esivame kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso siwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo senhliziyo emazweni athuthukile.

Emazweni asathuthuka, isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amathambo siwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo senhliziyo, esibangela cishe izehlakalo ezingu-7 kwezingu-10 zesifo senhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Yiziphi izifo zenhliziyo eziyingozi kakhulu ekukhulelweni?

Ezinye izifo zenhliziyo kanye nezinye izifo ezihlobene nazo zenza ukukhulelwa kube yingozi kakhulu. Kungadingeka ugweme ukukhulelwa uma unalezi zimo:

• I-Aortic valve stenosis (uma inzima futhi ibangela izimpawu)
• Ukuhlangana kwe-aorta (uma kungalungiswanga noma kukhona kanye ne-aortic aneurysm)
• I-Eisenmenger syndrome.
• I-physiology ye-Fontan.
• I-Marfan syndrome.
• I-stenosis ye-valve ye-mitral (uma inzima kakhulu)
• I-cardiomyopathy ye-Peripartum ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini (ngomonakalo osele ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo)
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu.
• Ukwanda okukhulu kwe-aorta (okungenani ama-45 mm uma une-Marfan syndrome, okungenani ama-50 mm uma une-valve ye-aorta ye-bicuspid)
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricular ngengxenye yokukhipha i-ventricular yangakwesobunxele engaphansi kuka-40%

Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Uzohlola ubucayi besimo sakho futhi axoxe nawe ngezingozi zakho.

Yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ezinye izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo zifana nalokho ongase ukuzwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (ukukhathala) .
• Ukudinga njalo ukuchama.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo namaqakala (i-edema) .

Lezi zimpawu zingase zingabi yingozi. Kodwa-ke, zingaba uphawu lwenkinga yenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi uma:

• Uma ziqala ngemva kwamasonto angu-20 okukhulelwa.
• Uma zikuthinta kuze kube yilapho ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile yansuku zonke.
• Uma uzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngisho noma uphumule.
• Uma uvuka phakathi nobusuku uphefumula kanzima.

Izimpawu ezingavamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa:

• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba (i-angina) .
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhlala imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-30.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-syncope) .
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (i-tachycardia) .

Okubalulekile: Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki, shayela u-119 noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yasendaweni ngokushesha.

Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo. Kungaba usizo ukugcina idayari yezimpawu zakho. Faka okulandelayo:

• Zonke izimpawu ozizwayo.
• Usuku nesikhathi.
• Ubunzima esikalini esisuka ku-1 kuya ku-10 (u-10 ububi kakhulu).
• Lokho okwenzayo ngaleso sikhathi (isibonelo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya elula, noma ukuphumula).

Izimpawu ziyimizwa noma izinguquko ozizwayo. Izimpawu ziyizimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezibonwa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba noma ukuhlolwa. Izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa:

• Inhliziyo ekhulisiwe (i-cardiomegaly).
• Imisindo yenhliziyo engavamile (ukububula kwenhliziyo).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ukuba khona kweprotheyini emchameni.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo entanyeni (ukuvuleka kwemithambo entanyeni).

Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo emtholampilo wakho wokubeletha.

Indlela yokuphatha isifo senhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ukwelashwa ngokwezokwelapha kanye nokuzinakekela kungakusiza ukuthi uphathe isifo senhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Nazi ezinye izeluleko:

• Yiba khona emihlanganweni kadokotela wakho. Cishe uzokwelashwa ngudokotela wezifo zabesifazane kanye nodokotela wezifo zenhliziyo. Qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke imihlangano yakho kanye nokulandelela. Kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe njalo (kufaka phakathi i-echocardiograms) ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Gwema ukukhuluphala okungadingekile. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungakhuluphala kangakanani ngokuphepha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Gwema ukucindezeleka. Ngangokunokwenzeka, gwema izimo ezikwenza uzizwe ucindezelekile. Futhi, thola izindlela zokuphumula ezizokusiza uzizwe uzolile. Uma udokotela wakho ethi kulungile, amakilasi e-yoga yangaphambi kokubeletha angasiza.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunempilo kwenhliziyo.Landela isiqondiso sikadokotela wakho mayelana nokudla okufanele ukudle nokuthi yini okufanele uyigweme. Ngokuvamile, zama ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho i-sodium, ushukela, amafutha agcwele, kanye namafutha e-trans.
• Vivinya umzimba ngokuphephile. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uvivinye umzimba kangaki nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokuzivocavoca eziphephile kuwe. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imiyalelo yabo ngqo. Kungase kudingeke ugweme imisebenzi ebeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu enhliziyweni yakho.

Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela wakho angase akuncomele inqubo yokusiza inhliziyo yakho isebenze kangcono. Ngokuvamile kungcono ukwenza lezo zinqubo ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola isimo sakho bese linquma inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza.

Ungase udinge nemithi yokulawula izimo ezithile noma izici eziyingozi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yimiphi imithi ephephile nokuthi yimiphi engaphephile ongayithatha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Imithi yezifo zenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Ingxenye yohlelo lwakho lokuphatha iwukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba nje uyalelwe. Udokotela wakho angase ashintshe imithi yakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eminye imithi yenhliziyo ayiphephile ukuyithatha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Imithi engaphephile ihlanganisa:

• Ama-inhibitors e-ACE.
• Ama-Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs).
• Izitha ze-Aldosterone.
• Ezinye izinto zokunciphisa igazi, njenge-warfarin.
• Eminye imithi elapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini, njenge-riociguat ne-bosentan.

Okubalulekile: Uma uthatha noma yimuphi wale mithi bese ukhulelwa, shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha. Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela.

Ukuqapha ngemva kokubeletha

Ezinye izinkinga zingavela zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemva kokubeletha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha futhi lihlole ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho. Ngisho noma umatasa kakhulu futhi ukhathele phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuthi ube khona kuzo zonke izikhathi zakho zokuqokwa. Ithimba lakho lokunakekela lizokhuluma nawe ngokuphepha kanye nezingozi zokuhlela ukukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo.

Ingabe izinkinga zenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zizothinta impilo yami yesikhathi esizayo?

Izinkinga zenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo kamuva ekuphileni. Nazi ezinye izibalo ezibalulekile:

• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo neminyaka yaso yokugcina ngo-68%.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo ngo-67%.
• I-Preeclampsia yandisa ingozi yokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo kamuva ngo-75%.

Lezi zibalo zingase zibonakale ziyesabisa kancane kuwe. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, izibalo zilandisa ingxenye nje yendaba. Ziyisibonakaliso salokho okwenzekile esikhathini esidlule. Akudingeki zinqume ikusasa lakho. Sebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuhlela amasu okunciphisa ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo. Uma ube nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ezinyangeni ngemuva kokubeletha, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemva kokubeletha bese ucela ukuhlolwa isifo senhliziyo.

Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo noma ukwehlisa inqubekela phambili yaso. Ungadinga ukulandelwa isikhathi eside nodokotela wenhliziyo ukuze aqaphe impilo yenhliziyo yakho futhi athole izimpawu zokuqala zezinkinga. Khuluma nethimba lakho lokunakekela ngezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezingasiza ukugcina inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi iphilile iminyaka eminingi ezayo.

Ekugcineni, khumbula lokhu.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo futhi uhlela ukukhulelwa, manje sekuyisikhathi sokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Funda ngezingozi zakho nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani isimo senhliziyo yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma ukhulelwe ungakahlelwanga, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ingozi yakho yezinkinga. Angase akwazi ukushintsha imithi yakho yenhliziyo ukuze ayenze iphephe ekukhulelweni.

Ngisho noma ungenaso isifo senhliziyo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinkinga zenhliziyo ezingalindelekile zingathinta kanjani ukukhulelwa kwakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezikubangela ingozi. Sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho ukuze ube nokukhulelwa okuphephile nokunempilo. Khumbula, umama onempilo unikeza ingane enempilo isiqalo esihle kakhulu!

Isifo senhliziyo, ukukhulelwa, inhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zokukhulelwa, impilo yenhliziyo