Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele? Noma kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi ngisho nesilonda esincane siphole? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuyinto ehlukile. Kodwa ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu kungaba khona onogada abancane, kodwa abanamandla kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Namuhla sikhuluma ngala maseli amhlophe egazi, ayingxenye enkulu yesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela.
Kalula nje, ayini la maseli amhlophe egazi?
Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, noma ngokwezokwelapha, ama-leukocyte, uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli elivikela imizimba yethu ezifweni. Njengoba nje izwe lethu linebutho, kukhona nebutho elikhethekile lokuvikela imizimba yethu. Lawa mangqamuzana amhlophe egazi angamasosha alelo butho. Akhona yonke indawo egazini nasezicutshini zethu, alungele ukulwa nanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka, ukulimala, noma igciwane eliyingozi elingena emzimbeni.
Nakuba zakha u -1% kuphela wegazi lethu, umsebenzi owenziwa yila maseli amhlophe egazi awuyona into encane.
Basebenza kanjani laba nogada?
Lena inqubo engavamile kakhulu. Cabanga ngebhaktheriya noma igciwane lingena emzimbeni wakho.
1. Ukuhlola: Okokuqala, amangqamuzana ethu amhlophe egazi ahamba emzimbeni wonke ngemithambo yegazi, njengokungathi aqaphile.
2. Ukubonisa: Lapho nje kutholakala ukutheleleka ndawana thize, amangqamuzana amhlophe okuqala afika endaweni asebenza njengabaqondisi, ethumela izimpawu zamakhemikhali kwamanye amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ethi, "Kunenkinga lapha, woza ngokushesha."
3. Ukuhlasela: Ngemuva kwalokho, ibutho elikhulu lamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi lihlangana endaweni yokutheleleka. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubhubhisa igciwane elihlaselayo. Amanye amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi amboza ngqo igciwane. Olunye uhlobo, olubizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies, lwenza amaprotheni akhethekile anamathela kugciwane futhi alibhubhise .
Kalula nje, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi angamaqhawe athule alwela imini nobusuku impilo yemizimba yethu.
Zakhiwa kanjani lezi zinto? Zitholakala kuphi?
Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi akhiqizwa kakhulu emongweni wethu wamathambo. Le ngxenye ethambile engaphakathi kwamathambo iyifektri eyenza amangqamuzana amaningi egazini lethu. Amangqamuzana okuqala kulo mongo wamathambo yiwo akhula abe izinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte lukhula nasezindaweni ezifana ne-thymus gland nama-lymph node. Uma sekwakhekile, lawa ajoyina uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi futhi ahamba kuwo wonke umzimba.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamaseli amhlophe egazi.
Njengoba nje ibutho lethu linamabutho ahlukene, ibutho lamaseli amhlophe egazi nalo linochwepheshe bemisebenzi ehlukene. Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 ngokuyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi | Umsebenzi oyinhloko |
|---|---|
| Ama-neutrophils | Lawa ngamasosha angaphambili ebutho, alwa ngqo futhi abhubhise ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kanye nesikhunta. |
| Ama-lymphocyte | Laba bantu bafana namaqembu akhethekile. Balwa kakhulu nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Bakhumbula izifo zangaphambilini futhi basisiza ukuba sisabele ngokushesha uma siphinde sithola lezo zifo. |
| Ama-Eosinophil | Ilwa nezinambuzane (isib. izibungu) futhi iyasiza nasekulweni nokungezwani komzimba kanye namaseli omdlavuza. |
| Ama-Basophil | Laba ngabantu abasabelayo lapho kuvela ukungezwani komzimba (njengokulunywa, ukuthimula, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo). |
| Ama-monocyte | Laba bantu bafana neqembu lokuhlanza. Basusa amangqamuzana alimele, amagciwane afile, nezinye izinto, bese behlanza indawo ethelelekile. |
Kwenzekani uma inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi likhuphuka noma lincipha?
Inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi lomuntu ophilile ngokuvamile kufanele libe phakathi kwamaseli angu -4,000 no-11,000 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi. Uma leli nani lishintsha, kungaba uphawu lokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle emzimbeni wethu.
- Inani eliphansi lamaseli amhlophe egazi (i-Leukopenia):Lokhu kusho ukuthi izivikelo zomzimba wakho ziphansi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho negciwane elincane lingahlasela umzimba wakho kalula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi unamathuba amaningi okugula kaningi .
- I-Leukocytosis: Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho unamaseli amhlophe egazi amaningi kunalokho okufanele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka . Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, isimo esibucayi sezokwelapha njenge-leukemia singabangela ukuba inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi likhuphuke ngokungalawuleki.
Izimpawu ezingase ziphakamise ukusola ngalokhu
Uma ushintsha inani lamaseli akho amhlophe egazini, ungase ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo. Uma uqhubeka nokuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka okuvamile | Uma uvame ukuthola izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kanye nezifo zomphimbo. |
| Umkhuhlane ongachazeki kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba | Ukubomvu komzimba, ukubanda kanye nomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba. |
| Amanxeba awapholi | Ngisho nesilonda esincane siyatheleleka, sibe bomvu, futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. |
| Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula | Kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka kwamaphaphu. |
Uzihlola kanjani lezi?
Ukuhlolwa okulula nokuvame kakhulu kokuhlola inani lamaseli akho amhlophe egazi ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC).Kulokhu, kuthathwa isampula encane yegazi lakho bese kubalwa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, nama-platelet akulo. Lo mbiko ungatshela udokotela wakho okuningi ngempilo yakho.
Izimbangela zamaseli amhlophe egazi aphansi naphezulu
Kungaba nezizathu ezahlukahlukene zalezi zinguquko ngobukhulu. Udokotela wakho nguyena ozonquma imbangela eqondile.
Izimbangela ezingaba khona zokushoda kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (i-Leukopenia)
- Ukwehluleka kwe-bone marrow (i-Aplastic Anemia)
- Izimo zomdlavuza ezifana ne-leukemia
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali komdlavuza
- Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo okufana ne-vitamin B12
- Izifo ezibuthakathaka zomzimba njenge-HIV/AIDS
Izimbangela ezingaba khona zokwanda kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (i-leukocytosis)
- Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ngegciwane (i-Sepsis)
- Ukuvuvukala emzimbeni
- Ukulimala ngokomzimba noma ukucindezeleka kwengqondo okukhulu
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo ezifana ne-lupus kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis
- Umdlavuza ofana ne-leukemia noma i-lymphoma
- Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu (Ukungezwani komzimba)
Siwagcina kanjani amangqamuzana ethu amhlophe egazi ephilile?
Kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sigcine amabutho ethu okuphepha eqinile.
- Hlala uhlanzekile: Ungavimbela izifo ngokugeza izandla zakho njalo nokudla ukudla neziphuzo ezihlanzekile.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Faka imifino, izithelo, kanye nemifino eluhlaza ekudleni kwakho okucebile ngamavithamini, ikakhulukazi i-vitamin C kanye ne-zinc. Lokhu kuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
- Phatha ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela, ziphathe ngendlela efanele, ngoba lezo zimo zingase zenze buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho.
- Landela iseluleko sezokwelapha: Uma unezimpawu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo bese uthola ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okudingekayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amaseli amhlophe egazi ayingxenye eyinhloko yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esivikela imizimba yethu ezifweni.
- Uma ugula njalo, uma amanxeba ethatha isikhathi eside ukuphola, noma uma unomkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga ngamaseli akho amhlophe egazi.
- Inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi eliphansi noma eliphakeme kunejwayelekile lingaba uphawu lwesifo esithile esiyimfihlo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula (i-CBC) kunganquma inani lamaseli akho amhlophe egazi.
- Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
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