So wo mogya taa tu wɔ wo ntini mu? (Blood Clotting Disorders) - Momma yɛnhwɛ eyi yiye!

So woatwitwa ketewaa bi ne mogya kakra, na afei n’ankasa agyae pɛn? Ɛyɛ ahobammɔ afiri a ɛyɛ nwonwa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na mogya no agyae no, mogya a ɛtɔ gu yɛn nipadua mu. Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛho hia yiye, a ɛyɛ daa. Nanso, susuw nea ɛbɛba ho hwɛ sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ yi yɛ a opira biara, wɔ wo nipadua mu pɛ, wo mogya ntini mu . Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no mogya a ɛtwetwe no ara kwa, anaasɛ wɔ aduruyɛ mu no `(Hypercoagulable State)` anaa `( Thrombophilia )`.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne mogya a ɛma mogya tu yi?

Eyi ne bere a wo mogya tu ntɛmntɛm sen sɛnea ɛte daa no. Mogya a ɛtwetwe no ba bere a protein ahorow a yɛn mmerɛbo ( clotting factors ) ne mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu yɛ bom no. Eyi ho hia na ama mogya atɔ bere a obi apira no. Nanso sɛ saa adeyɛ yi yɛ nea ɛyɛ nnam dodo a, ebetumi ayɛ ɔhaw.

Yɛfrɛ mogya a ɛtwetwe a wɔmpɛ a ɛyɛ ntini mu no ``thrombus'' anaa ``embolis''.

So tebea yi yɛ nea asiane wom ankasa?

Yiw, sɛ wɔansa eyi a, ebetumi ayɛ asiane. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ yɛn nipadua no mu baabiara betumi ayɛ. Wotumi ba titiriw wɔ ntini a ɛde mogya fi koma no mu kɔ nipadua no afã afoforo ne ntini a ɛde mogya fi nipadua no mu kɔ koma no mu no mu.

Sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ gu ntini no mu a...

Mogya a ɛtwetwe a ɛba ntini bi mu no betumi atew ne ho na ɛne mogya no atu kwan, na ɛde ɔhaw atitiriw abien aba:

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Eyi ne bere a mogya tu wɔ ntini a emu dɔ mu, titiriw wɔ nan, asen, abasa, mmerɛbo, dwensɔtwaa, anaa asaabo mu. Fa no sɛ wowɔ wimhyɛn mu nnɔnhwerew pii wɔ bere koro mu. Sɛ wode wo nan si baabi biako a, ebetumi ama mogya no ayɛ mmerɛw, na mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wo nan betumi ayɛ ntini bi wɔ wo nan mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi DVT.
• Pulmonary Embolis: Eyi yɛ asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ. Saa tebea yi ba bere a mogya a ayɛ mmerɛw wɔ nan no mu te sɛ DVT no bubu na ɛkɔhyɛ ntini bi mu wɔ ahurututu no mu no. Eyi betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.

Sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ gu ntini no mu a...

Ntini ne mogya ntini a ɛde mogya a oxygen wom kɔ yɛn amemene, koma, ne yɛn akwaa mu. Sɛ mogya tu wɔ eyinom mu biako mu a, ebetumi asɛe ade kɛse.

• Akisikuru: Sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ siw ntini bi a ɛde mogya kɔ amemene no mu no ano a.
• Koma a Ɛyare: Sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ siw ntini a ɛma mogya kɔ koma no mu no kwan a.
• Nan mu yaw a emu yɛ den ne nantew a ɛyɛ den.
• Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ebia ɛho behia mpo sɛ woyi abasa anaa nan bi fi hɔ.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ saa yare yi? Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gyina baabi a mogya a ɛtɔ gu nipadua no mu no ayɛ so. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho.

Dɛn nti na nyarewa yi ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Wobetumi akyekyɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu no mu akuw atitiriw abien: nea efi awo mu (awosu mu) ne nea wonya.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu yare yi?

Esiane sɛ mogya atɔ wo nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ awosu mu yare bi, enti wo duruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ w’ankasa ne w’abusua aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm yiye.

Mpɛn pii no, wɔde nnipa a wɔwɔ asiane ahorow a edidi so yi kɔma wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛtete saa:

• Sɛ obi wɔ abusua no mu wɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya atɔw saa yi a.
• Sɛ aberante bi a onnii mfe 50 nya mogya tu a.
• Sɛ mogya tu wɔ mmeae a ɛyɛ soronko, te sɛ abasa, mmerɛbo, anaa amemene mu a.
• Sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ gu nipadua no mu ba a ntease pɔtee biara nni ho a.
• Sɛ wowɔ mogya a ɛsan ba bio a.
• Sɛ nyinsɛn a wotu gu taa ba a.
• Sɛ wo yare akisikuru wɔ wo mmofraase a.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?

Wɔbɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu pii de ahwɛ wo tebea no.

• PT-INR: Sɛ worenom aduru `Warfarin` a, wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de hwɛ sɛnea wo mogya no tu ntɛmntɛm.
• aPTT: Wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de hwɛ sɛnea mogya no yɛ n’ade wɔ aduru `Heparin` ho sɛ worenom a.
• Mogya Dodow a Edi Mu (CBC): Mogya dodow a edi mũ.
• Fibrinogen nhwehwɛmu

Wɔyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu pɔtee bi de hu tebea horow a wɔde awo obi. Wɔsan nso yɛ nhwehwɛmu de hwɛ protein dodow te sɛ `Protein C`, `Protein S`, ne `Antithrombin`.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ mogya tu wɔ ntini bi mu nkutoo a, ehia sɛ wɔsa yare. Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne sɛ wɔbɛma mogya a ɛbɛtɔ bio no asiw ano na wɔama mogya a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no anyɛ kɛse.

Wɔde nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw na edi dwuma ma eyi. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyinom `Anticoagulants`.

Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma titiriw:

• Aspirin a wɔde di dwuma
• Warfarin (aduru bi a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ano) .
• Heparin (aduru a wɔde twitwiw ntini mu anaa honam ani wɔ ayaresabea) .
• Heparin a emu duru sua (aduru a wɔde twitwiw honam ani wɔ fie pɛnkoro anaa mprenu da biara) .
• Fondaparinux (a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu) .
• Nnuru a wɔde ko tia mogya a ɛkɔ anom tẽẽ (DOACs) - eyinom ne awo ntoatoaso foforo a wɔde nnuru a wɔde ano ka (e.g. Rivaroxaban, Apixaban) .

Wo duruyɛfo no besi aduru a eye ma wo, bere tenten a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom, ne nhwehwɛmu a wodi akyi a ɛho hia.

So ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye wɔ nea midi ne nea menom bere a merenom Warfarin no ho?

Aane. Nnuan a vitamin K pii wom titiriw betumi aka Warfarin a etu mpɔn no. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wudi aduan ho akwankyerɛ a wo duruyɛfo de ama wo no akyi bere a worenom aduru yi.

Nnuan bi a vitamin K pii wom

• Brussels a ɛyɛ nnuadewa
• Spinach
• Broccoli a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wudi saa nnuan yi, nanso ɛho hia sɛ woma aduan a wudi da biara da no kɔ so yɛ pɛ. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi ho asɛm.

Sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, wobɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ wo ho?

• Sɛ worenom nnuru te sɛ Warfarin a, sɛ wohyɛ aduruyɛ mu nkapo a ɛkyerɛ eyi a, ɛbɛboa wo ma woanya ayaresa a ɛfata wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.
• Nnuru bi a wɔtɔn a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu te sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw betumi ne mogya a ɛma mogya tu yi adi nkitaho. Enti wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa ansa na woanom nnuru foforo biara.
• Ma wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu daa (te sɛ PT-INR). Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wogyina nea efi mu ba so sesa wo nnuru dodow.
• Sɛ wobɛyɛ oprehyɛn anaasɛ woreyɛ nhyehyɛe anyinsɛn a, di kan ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wofa nnuru a ɛma mogya tu a, sɛ wotwa no ketewaa mpo a, ebetumi ama mogya atɔ wo kakra, anaasɛ wubetumi anya akuru. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata.

Nanso, sɛ mogya retu wo kɛse wɔ ɔkwan soronko so anaasɛ wuhu mogya mu nsensanee akɛse a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Afei nso, sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ DVT ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow (nan a ɛho ahonhon, ɛyaw) a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Saa tebea yi a wobɛtra ase no betumi ayɛ den. Nanso sɛ wunya nnuru a ɛfata na oduruyɛfo de afotu a ɛfata ma wo a, wubetumi abɔ bra a ɛfata koraa. Wo duruyɛfo wɔ hɔ sɛ ɔbɛboa wo. Enti ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne no bɛkasa afa nsɛmmisa anaa dadwen biara a ebia wowɔ ho.