Ɛyɛ den sɛ wode nsɛmmisa, ehu, ne dadwen a ɛba w’adwenem bere a wɔahu sɛ obi anya kokoram no akyerɛ. Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no anya osuahu a ɛte saa ara a, ebia woate asɛmfua "Stage" bere a wo ne wo duruyɛfo rekasa no. Sɛ wote nneɛma te sɛ "Eyi yɛ Stage II," "Ɛyɛ aniberesɛm kakra efisɛ ɛyɛ Stage IV" a, ebetumi ayɛ den kakra sɛ wobɛte nea saa nɔma ne nkyerɛwde yi kyerɛ ase. Nanso mma nsuro. Eyi atirimpɔw ne sɛ ɛbɛkyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so, wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye so.
Dɛn ankasa ne kokoram fã?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, kokoram no fã yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so susuw baabi a kokoram no atrɛw wɔ wo nipadua mu ne sɛnea emu yɛ den. Sɛnea yɛde asase mfonini di dwuma de hwehwɛ yɛn kwan bere a yɛretu kwan no, saa ara na asase mfonini yi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Stage’ boa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔyɛ wo kokoram no ayaresa a eye sen biara ho nhyehyɛe.
Kokoram ho animdefo de saa kwan yi so hu nyarewa, wɔyɛ ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe, na wosusuw sɛnea saa ayaresa ahorow no tu mpɔn.
Mma nɔma ne nkyerɛwde yi mmɔ wo hu. Eyi yɛ nyansahu kwan a wɔfa so boa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔma wo ayaresa a eye sen biara kɛkɛ. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu akyerɛ wo kɔ akyiri.
Dɛn nti na saa fã yi ho hia nnuruyɛfo saa?
Kokoram a wɔsa no te sɛ kuw agumadi. Ɛnyɛ oduruyɛfo biako pɛ, na mmom nnipa pii ani gye nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn, kokoram ho animdefo, ne mframa a wɔde sa yare a wɔbom yɛ adwuma no ho. Enti obiara hia kasa biako na ama wate kokoram tebea no ase wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so. Saa kasa a wɔtaa ka no ne Staging System .
Nneɛma atitiriw pii nti na eyi ho hia:
- Paw ayaresa a eye sen biara: Faako a kokoram no wɔ no na ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wɔde oprehyɛn, nnuru a wɔde sa yare, mframa a wɔde ma, anaa eyinom a wɔaka abom bedi dwuma. Ayaresa a wɔde ma kokoram a ɛwɔ Ɔfã I no ne ayaresa a wɔde ma kokoram a ɛwɔ Ɔfã IV no nyɛ pɛ.
- Nya daakye ho adwene: Nnuruyɛfo betumi anya hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɔyarefo no ho bɛtɔ no ne bere tenten a ebehia sɛ wɔsa no yare no ho adwene a ɛnyɛ den.
- Nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma nnuruyɛfo kuw no: Sɛ oduruyɛfo biako ka ɔyarefo bi ho asɛm kyerɛ oduruyɛfo foforo na ɔka sɛ "Stage IIIB nufu mu kokoram" a, oduruyɛfo a otie no betumi anya ɔyarefo no tebea ho mfonini a emu da hɔ.
- Mmoa ma nhwehwɛmu foforo:Saa kwan yi boa kɛse ma nyansahufo a wɔreyɛ kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu wɔ wiase nyinaa, de nea efi ayarefo a wɔwɔ kokoram koro ne bere koro mu ayaresa mu ba no toto ho, na wonya nnuru foforo a etu mpɔn kɛse.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu baabi a kokoram yi wɔ?
Sɛ nnuruyɛfo kyerɛ baabi a kokoram no wɔ a, wɔde wɔn adwene si nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa so:
1. Akisikuru no kɛse ne ne nyin: Akisikuru no kɛse te dɛn? Atrɛw akɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu kɔ akyiri dɛn?
2. Beae a akisikuru no wɔ: So kokoram no wɔ baabi a efii ase?
3. Ntrɛwmu: So kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyiri asen baabi a efii ase, akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ anaa nipadua no akwaa afoforo a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri?
Yɛbɛka sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔde hu nneɛma yi ho asɛm akyiri yi. Afei ma yɛnhwɛ akwan titiriw a wɔfa so kyekyɛ nsɛm yi mu.
Kokoram no fã ahorow wɔ dodow mu (Stages 0-IV) .
Wɔde akontaahyɛde ahorow a efi zero kosi anan na ɛkyekyɛ akisikuru a ɛyɛ den dodow no ara mu. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu biara mu tiawa.
| Prama | Nea ɛkyerɛ ara kwa |
|---|---|
| Ɔfã 0 | Yebetumi afrɛ eyi nso sɛ ‘ansa na kokoram aba’. Ɛha yi, nkwammoaa bi a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ hɔ. Nanso saa nkwammoaa no ntrɛw nsen baabi a efii ase no. Ɛte sɛ aba a ennya mfifi, nanso ebetumi afifi. Sɛ wohu wɔ saa bere yi mu a , mpɛn pii no wobetumi asa no koraa. |
| Ɔfã I (Ɔfã 1) . | Kokoram no atrɛw, nanso akisikuru no sua . Na ɛwɔ baabi a efii ase no nkutoo. Ɛntrɛw nkɔ ntini a ɛbɛn anaa nipadua no afã afoforo. |
| Ɔfã II (Ɔfã 2) . | Akisikuru no sõ kakra sen kan no.. Ebia nwansena a wɔbɛn wɔn paa no atrɛw akɔ biako anaa abien mu, anaasɛ wɔbɛyera. Nanso wɔantrɛw ankɔ nipadua no afã horow a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri. |
| Ɔfã III (Ɔfa 3) . | Akisikuru no ayɛ kɛse na akɔhyɛn ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu. Ɛda adi nso sɛ atrɛw akɔ ntini pii a ɛbɛn hɔ mu . Nanso ennya ntrɛwee nkɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri (te sɛ mmerɛbo anaa ahurututu mu). |
| Ɔfã IV (Ɔfã 4) . | Eyi ne adeyɛ a anibere wom sen biara . Kokoram no atrɛw (atrɛw) akɔ nipadua no afã afoforo a ɛne baabi a efii ase no ntam kwan ware. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nufu mu kokoram betumi atrɛw akɔ mmerɛbo, ahurututu, anaa amemene mu. Wɔsan frɛ eyi kokoram a ɛtrɛw kɔ mmeae afoforo . |
Dɛn na nkyerɛwde A, B, ne C yi kyerɛ?
Ɛtɔ da bi a wobɛte sɛ wo duruyɛfoɔ reka sɛ "Stage IIA (2A)" anaa "Stage IIIB (3B)." Eyi ne baabi a wɔde krataa bi ka nɔma no ho de ma kokoram no gyinabea ho nsɛm pii.
Mpɛn pii no, wɔ nɔma koro no ara ase no, nkyerɛwde A kyerɛ ntua a ɛtrɛw kakra, a emu nyɛ den pii. Bere a nkyerɛwde no kɔ n’anim (B, C) no, emu yɛ den ne ahoɔhare no kɔ soro.
Nhwɛsoɔ:
- Stage IIB no mu yɛ den kakra sen Stage IIA.
- Nanso Ɔfã IIIA no mu yɛ den sen Ɔfã IIB (efisɛ dodow no yɛ III).
Dɛn ne TNM nhyehyɛe no?
Eyi yɛ nyansahu kwan foforo a wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ wiase nyinaa de kyekyɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ kokoram mu. Ɛsusu nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no.
| Lɛtɛ | Edin mũ no nyinaa | Dɛn na eyi susuw? |
|---|---|---|
| T. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so | Tumor | Sɛnea kokoram akisikuru a edi kan no kɛse teNa ɛsusu baabi a atrɛw akɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia mu (e.g. T1, T2, T3, T4 - dodow a dodow no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na akisikuru no yɛ kɛse/emu dɔ). |
| N | Node no | Ɛsusu sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ mu, na sɛ ɛte saa a, kodu (e.g., N0 - ɛntrɛw, N1, N2 - ɛtrɛw kodu). |
| M. | Metastasis (ɛtrɛw kɔ akyirikyiri) . | Ɛsusu sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri wɔ nipadua no mu (e.g. M0 - akyirikyiri ntrɛwmu, M1 - akyirikyiri trɛw). |
Wo duruyɛfo no bɛka T, N, ne M gyinapɛn ahorow no abom de ahu wo gyinabea nyinaa (e.g., Stage IIB). Nanso, wɔtaa de TNM nhyehyɛe no di dwuma ma akisikuru a ɛyɛ den te sɛ nufu, ahurututu, ne akyi berɛmo mu kokoram. Wɔde nhyehyɛe afoforo a wɔde kyekyɛ mogya mu kokoram te sɛ mogya mu kokoram di dwuma.
Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na wɔyɛ de hu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram?
Nnuruyɛfo de nhwehwɛmu ahorow di dwuma de hu baabi pɔtee a wo kokoram no wɔ. Eyinom bi ne:
- CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Eyi twa nipadua no mu mfonini ahorow abiɛsa (3D) na etumi hu baabi a kokoram no wɔ, sɛnea ɛsõ, ne sɛ ebia atrɛw akɔ akwaa a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu pefee.
- PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography scan): Eyi titiriw hwehwɛ kokoram nkwammoaa a atrɛw akɔ nipadua no afã horow a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri. Esiane sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ adwuma yiye nti, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetumi ahu wɔ scan yi so.
- Endoscopy: Adeyɛ a wɔde afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mfoninitwa afiri abata ho hyɛ nipadua no mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, yafunu, akyi berɛmo) mu de hwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ ebia kokoram anaa.
- Biopsy: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia sen biara. Wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi akisikuru anaa ntini a ɛyɛ hu no fã ketewaa bi na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu. Saa sɔhwɛ yi kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa, na sɛ ɛte saa a, kokoram ko a ɛyɛ.
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Kokoram ahorow bi betumi ama protein soronko (akisikuru agyiraehyɛde) a ɛwɔ mogya no mu akɔ soro. Sɛ wosusuw eyinom a, ebetumi ama woanya akisikuru no kɛse anaa kokoram no dwumadi ho adwene.
So me kokoram fã no betumi asesa akyiri yi?
Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a ɛho hia ma nnipa pii. Nnipa pii susuw sɛ tebea no sesa bere a kokoram no trɛw no. Nanso nokwasɛm ne sɛ, stage nɔma a wɔde ma wo bere a wodii kan huu wo yare no nsakra da.
Momma yɛmfa nhwɛso bi nte ase.
Fa no sɛ mfiase no wohu sɛ obi anya nufu mu kokoram a Ɛto so II . Onya ayaresa a ɛho hia nyinaa. Nanso mfe kakraa bi akyi no, kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ne mmerɛbo mu.
Afei nnuruyɛfo no remfrɛ no "Stage IV cancer."
Wɔfrɛ no " Stage II nufu mu kokoram a atrɛw akɔ mmerɛbo mu (metastatic) ." Wɔbɔ wo mfiase fã no ho amanneɛ bere nyinaa sɛ ɛte saa. Afei wɔka nsakrae no ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan soronko so.
Afei nso, sɛ wontumi nhu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara wɔ ayaresa akyi a, wɔfrɛ saa tebea no Complete Remission anaa NED (yare no ho adanse biara nni hɔ) .
Kokoram a wobɛtra ase no nyɛ mmerɛw. Sɛ yɛte akontaahyɛde, nkyerɛwde, ne nsɛmfua yi a, ebetumi ayɛ den. Nanso kae sɛ wɔyɛ eyinom nyinaa na ama woanya ayaresa a eye sen biara. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka nsɛmmisa anaa ehu biara a wowɔ ho asɛm pefee. Ɛno bɛma woanya ahoɔden a wode bɛtoa saa akwantuo yi so.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Kokoram gyinabea yɛ asase mfonini a ɛkyerɛ baabi a kokoram atrɛw akodu wɔ wo nipadua mu na ɛboa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔyɛ ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe.
- Nea egyina kokoram no kɛse, faako a ɛwɔ, ne sɛ ebia atrɛw akɔ nipadua no afã afoforo so titiriw na ɛkyerɛ eyi.
- Afã 0 kosi IV (Afã 0-IV) kyerɛ sɛnea kokoram no mu yɛ den, na wobu Ɔfã IV sɛ ɛno ne nea emu yɛ den sen biara.
- TNM nhyehyɛe no yɛ ɔkwan a wogye tom wɔ aman horow so a ɛkyerɛ akisikuru kɛse (T), ntini a ɛma mogya tu no ka ho (N), ne nea ɛtrɛw wɔ akyirikyiri (M).
- Stage nɔma a wɔde ma wo mfiase no nsakra sɛ akyiri yi kokoram no trɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ nea wotumi sa mpo a.
- Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka nsɛmmisa, ehu, anaa adwenem naayɛ biara a wowɔ wɔ wo kokoram ho asiane anaa ayaresa ho pefee.
💬 Comments (0)
Wɔnnya nyɛɛ nsɛm biara. Fa wo nsɛm no ka ho wɔ ha nea edi kan.
Fa wo nsɛm no ka ho