So wo nso worete ɛyaw a emu yɛ den? Momma yɛnka aduru a wɔde sa ɛyaw a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu (Hydromorphone Suppositories) ho asɛm .

So wowɔ ɛyaw a wuntumi nnyina ano? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a ɛnyɛ den ntumi mmoa. Ɛno na nnuruyɛfo susuw sɛ wɔbɛma wo aduru titiriw yi. Eyi yɛ aduru a ano yɛ den kakra, enti ɛho hia sɛ wuhu nea ɛyɛ ankasa.

Aduru bɛn na eyi yɛ? (Hydromorphone Nneɛma a Wɔde Siesie Nneɛma So) .

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hydromorphone yɛ aduru a wɔde sa ɛyaw a emu yɛ den . Wɔtaa kyerɛw ma bere a nnuru afoforo a wɔde kum ɛyaw no anyɛ adwuma amma wo, anaasɛ sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a wuntumi mfa nni dwuma a. Saa aduru yi yɛ adwuma denam ɛyaw ho nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkɔ w’amemene mu a esiw ano no so. Ɛka nnuru kuw bi a wɔfrɛ no opioids ho. Wɔtaa frɛ eyinom sɛ nnuru a ano yɛ den a wɔde kum ɛyaw. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi de saa aduru yi adi dwuma ama tebea afoforo nso. Enti sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa eyi ho a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo anaa nnuruyɛfo. Edin a wɔtaa frɛ saa aduru yi ne Dilaudid.

Nneɛma bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ansa na woanom saa aduru yi?

Ansa na wubefi ase de saa aduru yi adi dwuma no, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛma wo duruyɛfo no w’akwahosan tebea ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi mũ. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ ebia saa aduru yi mfata mma nnipa a wɔwɔ ayaresa tebea horow bi anaasɛ ebia ebehia sɛ wɔhwɛ wɔn yiye. Sɛ wowɔ saa tebea horow yi bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ :

• Sɛ wowɔ amemene mu akisikuru a .
• Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom nsa daa a .
• Sɛ obi ti apira a.
• Sɛ wowɔ komayare a .
• Sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu yare a .
• Sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare a .
• Sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa , ayamtu , anaa ɔhome mu haw a.
• Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru te sɛ akisikuru a .
• Sɛ wowɔ yafunu anaa dwensɔtwaa mu haw ahorow a .
• Kan no na ɔnom nnubɔneSɛ woanya nnuru a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so pɛn a.
• Sɛ woanom MAOI (sɛ nhwɛso no: Marplan, Nardil, Parnate) wɔ nnafua 14 a atwam no mu a. Eyinom yɛ nnuru bi a wɔde sa adwenemyare .
• Sɛ woanya hydromorphone, nnuru afoforo, nnuan, nnuru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, anaa nneɛma a wɔde siw ano ho adwene a ɛyɛ soronko a .
• Sɛ woanyinsɛn anaasɛ worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubenyinsɛn a .
• Sɛ woyɛ ɛna a ɔma nufu a .

Ɛho hia yiye ma w’ankasa ahobammɔ sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ oduruyɛfo no a womfa saa nsɛm yi nsie!

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ mede saa aduru yi di dwuma?

Eyi yɛ aduru a ɛyɛ soronko kakra. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ akyi berɛmo mu nkutoo . Mfa w’ano nnye! Sɛnea wode bedi dwuma yiye ni: 1. Nea edi kan no, fa samina ne nsu hohoro wo nsa yiye . Ɛsɛ sɛ wohohoro wo nsa nso bere a wode aduru no adi dwuma awie no. 2. Yi foil a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho no fi suppository no mu. 3. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wode aduru no bɛhyɛ mu no, fa nsuonwini kakra hyɛ aduru no ano . 4. Afei, da fam na wo nan ase tẽẽ, wo nan a ɛwɔ soro no kotow kyerɛ wo yafunu, na fa wo ho to w’anim . Sɛ wobɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, fa wo ho to benkum anaa nifa so, na wo nan ase trɛw, na wo nan a ɛwɔ soro no kotow wɔ kotodwe no so, bɛn wo yafunu. 5. Ma wo akyi berɛmo a ɛwɔ soro no so kakra na ama akyi berɛmo no ada adi . 6. Afei, fa aduru no ano a ɛyɛ nsensanee no hyɛ akyi berɛmo no mu nkakrankakra . Mpia no denneennen, pia no brɛoo kɔ mu. 7. Sɛ wode aduru no hyɛ mu wie a, mia wo nan ase sikɔne kakraa bi . 8. Twɛn ma aduru no mfi adi, na da hɔ bɛyɛ simma 15 . Nsɔre saa bere yi. Nnom aduru yi pii nsen nea wo duruyɛfo aka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa, anaa mpɛn pii nsen nea wɔaka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa no. Sɛ wɔma wo saa aduru yi a, nnurutɔnbea no bɛma wo akwankyerɛ krataa titiriw bi (`MedGuide`) . Wo nsa bɛka eyi wɔ aduru biara a wɔakyerɛw ama wo mu, bere biara a wubenya aduru no. Kenkan nsɛm a ɛwɔ mu no yiye bere nyinaa. Nneɛma pii a ɛho hia ma wo wom. Sɛ wode saa aduru yi rema mmofra a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm. Ebia ebehia sɛ wɔhwɛ so yiye. Dodow a ɛboro so: Sɛ wususuw sɛ woanom aduru yi dodo a, frɛ beae a wɔhwɛ awuduru so anaa baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ ntɛm ara . Ntwentwɛn wo nan ase! Hyɛ no nsow a ɛho hia: Wɔakyerɛw saa aduru yi ama wo nkutoo . Mfa nnkyɛ obi foforo biara . Ɛyɛ asiane.

Sɛ woankɔ bere a wopɛ sɛ wonom nnuru a, dɛn na woyɛ?

Sɛ wopa dose bi a, fa no ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.. Nanso, sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere adu sɛ wobɛma wo dodow a edi hɔ no a, twa dodow a woayera no so na fa bere a edi hɔ a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ no . Mfa nnuru a wɔde ma mmɔho abien anaa nea ɛboro so da . Ɛne sɛ, nnom nnuru abien prɛko pɛ.

Nneɛma foforo bɛn na ebetumi ne aduru yi adi nkitaho?

Saa aduru yi a wɔfrɛ no ``hydromorphone,'' tumi ne nnuru afoforo bi a worenom no adi nkitaho. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wɔka bom a, ebetumi ayɛ den a ɛho nhia anaasɛ ɛde ɔhaw afoforo aba. Nneɛma bi a ebia aduru yi ne no bedi nkitaho ni:

• Nsã - Wei nnyɛ papa koraa. Mma nnom nsa bere a worenom aduru yi.
• Nnuru a wɔde kum akisikuru yɛ nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru, ɔfe, ne atiridiinini.
• Nnuru bi a wɔde sa dadwen betumi aboa wo ma woada.
• Nnuru bi a wɔde sa adwenemhaw (e.g. amitriptyline, fluoxetine, sertraline).
• Nnuru bi a wɔde di dwuma ma akisikuru (e.g. phenobarbital, primidone).
• Nnuru a wɔde ma wo ma wo ho dwiriw wo ansa na wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn (`General anesthetics` - e.g. `halothane`, `isoflurane`, `propofol`).
• Nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no wɔ mpɔtam hɔ (sɛ nhwɛso no, lidocaine, tetracaine).
• `MAOI` type nnuru (s.e. `Carbex`, `Eldepryl`, `Marplan`, `Nardil`, `Parnate`).
• Nnuru a ɛma ntini mu dwo a wɔde yɛ oprehyɛn.
• Nnuru afoforo a wɔde yɛ nnubɔne anaa nnuru a wɔde fa ɔfe a opioid wom.
• Phenothiazine (sɛ nhwɛso no, chlorpromazine, mesoridazine).

Ebia saa nsɛm a wɔahyehyɛ yi renwie pɛyɛ. Enti, ka nnuru a wonom nyinaa (a vitamin, nhabannuru, ne nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho ka ho) kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo . Afei nso, sɛ wonom sigaret, wonom nsa, anaa wode nnubɔne a mmara mma ho kwan di dwuma a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Nneɛma bi betumi ne wo nnuru no adi nkitaho.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ so titiriw bere a mede aduru yi redi dwuma no?

Ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ wo nipadua ne sɛnea wote nka bere a wode saa aduru yi redi dwuma no.

• Sɛ ɛyaw no ankɔ anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro a: Sɛ wo yaw no ankɔ, anaasɛ ɛyɛ kɛse sen kan no, anaasɛ sɛ wowɔ ɛyaw foforo a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara .
• Abodwokyɛre: Sɛ wode saa aduru yi di dwuma bere tenten a, ebia dodow a na worenom no rennɔɔso mfa nni wo yaw no so. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia wubehia dodow a ɛkɔ soro kakra. Wɔfrɛ eyi abodwokyɛre. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata, titiriw bere a wɔnom nnuru a ɛte sɛɛ bere tenten no.
• Opioid ahorow ahorow: Opioid ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa ɛyaw. Sɛ wonom bɛboro biako bere koro mu a, ebia wubenya nsunsuanso bɔne pii. Ka nnuru a worenom nyinaa ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo . Ɔbɛkyerɛ wo dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wofa.Nnom nnuru pii nsen nea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no da. Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a, hwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara.
• Nnyae aduru no nom mpofirim: Sɛ wugyae saa aduru yi nom mpofirim a, ebia wo ho bɛtɔ wo denneennen. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ wo nipadua no sua aduru no. Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ wo dɛ . Addiction yɛ suban a ɛfa aduru bi a wɔde di dwuma esiane biribi a ɛnyɛ aduruyɛ nti ho. Sɛ wote ɛyaw a, wowɔ aduruyɛ mu ntease a enti ɛsɛ sɛ wonom aduru a wɔde kum ɛyaw no. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo nnuru dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo pɛ sɛ wugyae aduru no nom a, ɔbɛtew dodow no so nkakrankakra. Eyi bɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ebefi mu aba no so atew.
• Hu Naloxone ho asɛm: Naloxone yɛ aduru a wɔde ma ntɛm ara sɛ wɔnom opioid boro so a. Sɛ wonom opioid pii, anaasɛ wofa opioid ne nneɛma afoforo te sɛ nsa a, ebia wobɛnom boro so. Hu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanom nnuru boro so (sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔhome a ɛyɛ den, ɔbrɛ anaa nna a ɛtra so, obi a ontumi nyɛ hwee, anaasɛ ontumi sɔre). Ka baabi a naloxone wɔ kyerɛ w’abusua ne wɔn a wɔhwɛ wɔn no. Kyerɛkyerɛ wɔn sɛnea wɔde bedi dwuma. Sɛ wode naloxone ma wie a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara . Naloxone yɛ bere tiaa mu ayaresa ara kwa. Ebia ebehia sɛ wɔde ma mpɛn pii. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi ho asɛm na sɛ ɛho hia a, gye naloxone.
• Dae anaa adwenemhaw: Ebia saa aduru yi bɛma woate nka sɛ woda anaa w’adwene tu fra. Enti, nnyɛ kar, nnyɛ mfiri, anaa nyɛ biribiara a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wode w’adwene si biribi so kosi sɛ wubehu sɛnea aduru yi ka wo. Nnyina hɔ anaa ntra ase mpofirim , titiriw sɛ woabɔ akwakoraa a. Saa a wobɛyɛ no betumi ama w’adwene atu afra na ebetumi ama woahwe ase.
• Nsã: Nsã betumi asiw aduru yi a etu mpɔn no kwan. Enti, kwati sɛ wobɛnom nsa .
• Akisikuru: Saa aduru yi betumi ama obi anya akisikuru. Eyi to nnipa pii. Sɛ woankɔ wo dwensɔtwaa mu nnafua 3 a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa . Nom nsu pii na di nnuan a ahoɔdennuru pii wom (nnuaba, nhabannuru).
• Ano a ɛyɛ nwunu: Ebia w’ano ayɛ nwunu. Wubetumi adi eyi so denam aduru a asikre nnim a wobɛwe, ginger asinasin bi a wobɛnom, ne nsu pii a wobɛnom so. Sɛ ɔhaw yi kɔ so anaasɛ emu yɛ den a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo .

Dɛn ne aduru yi mu nsunsuanso bɔne a ebetumi afi mu aba?

Te sɛ nnuru nyinaa no, eyi betumi anya nkɛntɛnso bɔne bi. Ebinom wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woka ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara, bere a ebinom nso ɛsɛ sɛ wotwɛn kakra na sɛ wɔkɔ so yɛ a, woma wohu.

Nneɛma bɔne a ɛsɛ sɛ wobɔ wo duruyɛfo amanneɛ ntɛm ara:

• Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew: Honam ani akisikuru, ɛyaw, akisikuru, anim, anofafa, tɛkrɛma, anaa menewa a ɛho ahonhon. Sɛ eyi ba a, ebetumi ayɛ nea egye ntɛmpɛ.
• Central nervous system depression (`CNS depression`): Ɔhome a ɛyɛ brɛoo anaasɛ ɛnyɛ den, ɔhome a ɛyɛ tiaa, ɔte nka sɛ obi totɔ piti, adwenemhaw, adwenem naayɛ, ɔhaw a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɔbɛda. Eyinom nso yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a asiane wom.
• Adrenal gland dwumadie a ɛba fam: Akisikuru, ɔfe, aduane ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera, mmerɛwyɛ anaa ɔbrɛ a ɛyɛ soronko, adwenemhaw.
• Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam: Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, te nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew anaasɛ ne ti yɛ hare, n’aniwa nhu ade yiye.

Nsunsuanso bɔne a mpɛn pii no enhia sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea, nanso sɛ ɛkɔ so anaasɛ ɛhaw adwene a, ɛsɛ sɛ wobɔ wo duruyɛfo amanneɛ:

• Ayamtim
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa
• Dae a ɛma obi da
• Ano a ɛyɛ nwunu
• Tipaeɛ
• Abofono
• Ɔfe a wɔfe

Ebia nneɛma bɔne a efi mu ba nyinaa nka saa nsɛm a wɔahyehyɛ yi ho. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa nsunsuanso bɔne ho a, bisa wo duruyɛfo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ mede saa aduru yi sie?

Eyi yɛ asɛm a ɛho hia yiye, efisɛ sɛ aduru yi kɔ nsa a ɛnteɛ mu a, ebetumi ayɛ asiane.

• Fa sie baabi a mmofra ne afieboa ntumi nkɔ hɔ. Eyi ho hia paa.
• Wobetumi de saa aduru yi adi dwuma ɔkwammɔne so , enti fa sie baabi a ahobammɔ wɔ na abɔ ho ban afi korɔnbɔ ho.
• Mfa saa aduru yi nkyɛ obi foforo. Saa aduru yi a wobɛtɔn anaa wode ama obi foforo no yɛ nea asiane wom na ɛne mmara nhyia.
• Fa aduru yi sie frigye mu wɔ ɔhyew a ɛyɛ digrii Celsius 2 kosi 8 (digrii C 2 ne 8 / digrii F 36 ne 46) . Mma nnyɛ nwini .
• Saa aduru yi betumi apira anaasɛ ebetumi akum obi mpo sɛ mpanyimfo, mmofra, anaa afieboa afoforo nom a. Tow nnuru a wɔmfa nni dwuma no gu baabi a aban no tow . Sɛ wuntumi nnya bi a, bisa wo mpɔtam hɔ baguafo. Sɛ eyi ntumi nyɛ yiye a, hohoro gu tiafi mu .
• Mfa nnuru a ne bere atwam nni dwuma.

Kae sɛ kratawa yi yɛ nsɛm a wɔaboaboa ano kɛkɛ. Ebia emu nsɛm no nyinaa nni mu. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa saa aduru yi ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo, nnuruyɛfo, anaa akwahosan ho ɔyaresafo nkasa.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti yɛaka saa `Hydromorphone Suppositories yi ho asɛm pii, ɛnte saa? Kae sɛ eyi yɛ aduru titiriw a wɔde sa ɛyaw a emu yɛ den. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wode di dwuma sɛnea oduruyɛfo no ka no pɛpɛɛpɛ, ne dodow a ɔka no mu.

• Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka nyarewa foforo biara a wowɔ ne nnuru foforo biara a wonom ho asɛm akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo .
• Sɛ woante sɛnea wɔde aduru no di dwuma yiye ase a , bisa bio.
• Hwɛ yiye wɔ nneɛma bɔne a efi mu ba ho . Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara a ɛyɛ hu a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo a ɛnkyɛ.
• Fa saa aduru yi sie baabi a asiane biara nni ho, twe wo ho fi mmofra ne afoforo ho .
• Mfa saa aduru yi nka nsa ho .
• Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa anaa nsɛmmisa bi a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo .

Yɛwɔ anidaso sɛ wo yaw no bɛsa ntɛm!

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` Hydromorphone, Suppositories, Nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw, Opioids, Nnuru a wɔde ma akyi berɛmo, Dilaudid, Nsunsuanso bɔne, Ɛyaw ano aduru