So woahwɛ wo mogya ho amanneɛbɔ, kyerɛ sɛ, Full Blood Count (FBC), na woahu asɛmfua ‘Lymphocytes’ pɛn? Ebia na wɔde agyan bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ bo a ɛsom no korɔn anaasɛ ɛba fam sen sɛnea ɛte daa kyerɛe. Enti, eyi a wubehu no betumi ayɛ hu kakra. Dɛn ne saa lymphocytes yi? Dɛn nti na ɛho hia yɛn nipadua saa? Mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛbɛka biribiara ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na emu da hɔ so nnɛ.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne saa lymphocytes yi?
Lymphocytes yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Susuw yɛn nipadua ho sɛ ɔman. Yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ saa ɔman no asraafo. Lymphocytes ne asraafo a wɔatete wɔn titiriw, a wɔho hia yiye wɔ asraafo dɔm yi mu. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛko atia atamfo a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu, te sɛ mmoawa, mmoawa, ne mmoawa, na wɔabɔ yɛn ho ban afi nyarewa ho.
Saa lymphocyte asraafo yi ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ.
- T lymphocytes (T nkwammoaa): Eyinom te sɛ asraafo mpanyimfo. Wɔhwɛ sɛnea nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ wɔn ade so, na wɔhwehwɛ nkwammoaa a mmoawa ne kokoram nkwammoaa a wɔahyɛn nipadua no mu wom nso na wɔsɛe no tẽẽ.
- B lymphocytes (B cells): Eyinom ne asraafo a wɔyɛ akode. Wɔyɛ protein soronko bi a wɔfrɛ no antibodies . Saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi te sɛ aprɛm a wɔde kɔ baabi foforo. Wɔbata atamfo te sɛ mmoawa ne mmoawa a wɔahyɛn nipadua no mu no ho na wɔmma wɔnyɛ adwuma.
Dɛn ankasa na lymphocytes yɛ ma nipadua no?
Dwuma titiriw a lymphocytes yɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛbɔ yɛn nipadua ho ban. Wɔko tia ananafo nneɛma, anaa antigens , a ɛhyɛn nipadua no mu. Saa atamfo yi bi ne mmoawa, mmoawa, ne kokoram nkwammoaa mpo.
Nanso, nea ɛyɛ nwonwa kɛse mpo no, lymphocytes wɔ nkae a ɛkyɛn so . Wɔn werɛ mfi ɔtamfo bi a wɔahyia no bere bi da. Fa no sɛ, na woanya akisikuru bere a na woyɛ abofra no. Saa bere no, wo lymphocytes no ko tiaa akisikuru mmoawa no na wɔkyeree ho nsɛm guu wɔn tirim. Yɛfrɛ nkwammoaa a ɛkura saa nkaeɛ nkaeɛ nkwammoaa . Afei, sɛ akokɔsrade mmoawa koro no ara bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛsan akɔ wo nipadua mu da bi a, saa nkae nkwammoaa no hu no ntɛm ara, bɔ asraafo no kɔkɔ sɛ ɔtamfo dedaw bi asan aba, na wɔyɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a ehia na wɔde asɛe no no ntɛm.
Nea enti a sɛ wonya nya yare te sɛ akisikuru anaa akisikuru pɛ a, wunnya bio ne sɛ saa lymphocytes yi super memory no. Vaccines a yenya de bɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho no yɛ adwuma wɔ nnyinasosɛm koro yi ara so. Nea vaccine yɛ ne sɛ ɛma nipadua no nya ɔyare mmoawa a ayɛ mmerɛw na ɛtete yɛn lymphocytes ma wohu saa ɔtamfo no.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na T nkwammoaa ne B nkwammoaa bom yɛ adwuma?
Saa T nkwammoaa ne B nkwammoaa yi te sɛ nnipa baanu a wɔreyɛ adwuma wɔ kuw koro mu, nanso ɛsono wɔn asɛyɛde. Wɔboa wɔn ho wɔn ho ko tia atamfo.
T cells - Yɛn asraafoɔ no Asraafoɔ ne Asraafoɔ Titiriw!
T nkwammoaa no dwumadi titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛsɛe nkwammoaa a wɔanya ɔyare no na ɛhwɛ sɛnea nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no nyinaa yɛ adwuma no so. T nkwammoaa ahorow pii wɔ hɔ:
- Cytotoxic T nkwammoaa: Eyinom ne asraafo dɔm titiriw. Wɔkɔ nkwammoaa a ɔyare anaa kokoram wɔ mu no mu tẽẽ, wɔbata ho, sɛe nkwammoaa no mu ntini, na wɔsoma enzyme ahorow kɔ mu ma ekum nkwammoaa no.
- T nkwammoaa a ɛboa: Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, eyinom boa nkwammoaa afoforo a ɛko tia nyarewa no. T nkwammoaa bi a wɔboa no kyerɛ B nkwammoaa sɛ, "Ɔtamfo bi ni, yɛ antibodies ntɛmntɛm." Afoforo nso boa ma T nkwammoaa a ekum nnipa no yɛ adwuma.
- Regulatory T cells: Eyinom ne mmarima a wonim bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wogyae ntɔkwaw. Sɛ ntɔkwaw bi ba awiei a, wɔyɛ nneɛma bi a ɛma nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ntumi nyɛ adwuma. Sɛ wɔanyɛ saa a, yɛn asraafo no betumi akɔtow ahyɛ yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa pa so.
B cells - akodeɛ a wɔyɛ!
Dwumadi titiriw a B nkwammoaa yɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ akode a wɔfrɛ no antibodies. Wobetumi ayɛ nnuru pɔtee bi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛyɛ ɔtamfo biara pɔtee. Akwan abien na B nkwammoaa fa so yɛ wɔn ade:
- Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa no mmuae titiriw: Sɛ wohyia antigen bi nea edi kan a, wɔkanyan B nkwammoaa no. B nkwammoaa bi bɛyɛ nkwammoaa a wɔkae ade. B nkwammoaa afoforo bɛyɛ plasma nkwammoaa na wofi ase yɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛyɛ saa antigen pɔtee no pɔtee. Saa adeyɛ yi betumi agye nna pii.
- Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛto so abien: Sɛ ɔtamfo koro no ara san ba nipadua no mu da bi a, nkae nkwammoaa a wɔadi kan ayɛ no hu no ntɛm. Afei wɔkyekyɛ mu ntɛmntɛm, wɔbɛyɛ plasma nkwammoaa, na wɔyɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa pii a ɛne saa ɔtamfo no hyia ntɛmntɛm yiye.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na yɛbɛte lymphocyte gyinapɛn ahorow ase wɔ mogya ho amanneɛbɔ mu?
Wo deɛNtini dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no betumi ayɛ soronko kakra a egyina mfe a obi adi, ɔbarima anaa ɔbea, beae a ɔte, ne asetra kwan so. Nanso, gyinapɛn ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wogye tom kɛse.
| Mfe a wɔadi | Normal Lymphocyte Range (mogya microliter biara) . |
|---|---|
| Mpanyimfo | Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ 1,000 kosi 4,800 ntam |
| Mmɔfra | Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ 3,000 kosi 9,500 ntam |
Mpɛn pii no, lymphocytes yɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa nyinaa mu 20% kosi 40% .
Dɛn na lymphocytes a ɛkɔ soro no kyerɛ? (Nsu mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu) .
Sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, yɛfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ lymphocytosis . Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu bere a wuhu eyi no. Mpɛn pii no, mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow a ɛkɔ soro no yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne pa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no reko atia ɔyare mmoawa bi a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu.
Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a tebea horow a emu yɛ den kɛse betumi ama mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu no akɔ soro.
- Nyarewa a efi mmoawa mu te sɛ mmerɛbo mu yare
- Syphilis a ɛyɛ yare
- Mononucleosis a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
- Nsanyare a ɛma obi nya nsamanwaw
- HIV ne AIDS
- Hypothyroidism a ɛma mogya tu
- Nyarewa te sɛ ɔfe a ɛyɛ hu
- Mogya mu kokoram te sɛ lymphoma anaa mogya mu kokoram
Dɛn ne lymphocytes a ɛso tew? (Nsu mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu) .
Sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, yɛfrɛ no lymphocytopenia . Saa tebea yi betumi afi ɔyare ketewaa bi te sɛ atiridiinini anaa atiridiinini mpo mu aba. Afei nso, lymphocytes dodow betumi atew esiane nneɛma afoforo a anibere wom nti.
- HIV anaa AIDS
- Nsamanwaw anaa typhoid atiridiinini
- Mpɔtorɔ mu yare a ɔyare mmoawa de ba
- Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ lupus
- Mframa anaa nnuru a wɔde sa kokoram
- Awosu mu tebea horow a ɛntaa nsi koraa, a wonya fi awo mu
So sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a nsakrae a ɛba lymphocyte dodow mu na ɛde ba?
Ade a ɛho hia sɛ yɛkae wɔ ha ne sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ ɛso tew no mma n'ankasa nnya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Wonya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne esiane nea ɛde nsakrae a ɛba wɔ lymphocytes dodow mu nti. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wo lymphocyte dodow sesa esiane kokoram anaa ɔyare mmoawa a emu yɛ den nti a, wubetumi ada sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛfa saa yare no ho adi.
| Yare bi a ɛda adi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba |
|---|
| Ntini a ɛho ahonhon (a ɛho ahonhon wɔ kɔn, abasa, akyi berɛmo mu) . |
| Fifiri a ɛboro so anadwo |
| Atiridiinini a ɛkɔ so daa a biribiara nni hɔ a ɛde ba |
| Yafunu mu yaw anaasɛ yafunu a ɛyɛ hyew |
| Aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera na ne mu duru so tew |
| Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den |
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Lymphocytes yɛ asraafo kuw bi a wɔho hia paa wɔ wo nipadua mu a wɔbɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa ho.
- Sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu amanneɛbɔ mu no dɔɔso anaasɛ ɛba fam sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, mpɛn pii no ebetumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua no reko atia ɔyare mmoawa bi.
- Mma wo ho nnpopo anaasɛ nsi gyinae sɛ wowɔ yare bi a egyina bo biako pɛ a ɛwɔ mogya ho amanneɛbɔ no mu so.
- Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wode nea efii wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mu bɛkyerɛ wo duruyɛfo bere nyinaa. Oduruyɛfo no besusuw gyinapɛn afoforo a ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ no mu, wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, ne w’akwahosan nyinaa ho ansa na wama wo afotu a eye sen biara.
👩🏽 ⚕️ Nsɛmmisa foforo (FAQs)
💬 🧐 Dɛn ne saa lymphocytes yi?
Lymphocytes yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyinom ne ‘asraafo’ a wɔbɔ yɛn nipadua ho ban fi nyarewa ho. Wɔn na wɔhyɛ yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu den denam ahɔho mmoawa te sɛ mmoawa ne mmoawa a wɔko tia so.
💬 🛡️ Adɛn nti na wɔfrɛ saa lymphocytes yi 'asraafoɔ'?
Efisɛ saa nkwammoaa yi tumi hu mmoawa biara a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu na wɔko tia wɔn. Saa lymphocytes yi ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ (T nkwammoaa ne B nkwammoaa). Wɔbom yɛ wɔn ade te sɛ asraafo na wɔbɔ yɛn nipadua ho ban na anyare, na ɛno nti na yɛfrɛ wɔn ‘asraafo’ wɔ asɛm yi mu no.
💬 🩸 Sɛ lymphocytes dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mu sesa a, ɛkyerɛ dɛn?
Mpɛn pii no, sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu (Full Blood Count) mu no kɔ soro a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ saa asraafo yi reko atia ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ wo nipadua mu. Afei nso, sɛ saa dodow yi sua dodo a, ebia wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no bɛyɛ mmerɛw kakra. Enti kɔ so kenkan yɛn asɛm no na woahu eyi ho asɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ.
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