Sɛ́ ɔbea no, wo nufu akwahosan a wobɛhwɛ so no ho hia yiye. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a asɛmfua ‘ mammogram ’ ankasa betumi akanyan dadwen anaa twentwɛn wo nan ase kakra, ɛnte saa? Ɛyɛ awosu sɛ wubesusuw ho sɛ ebia ɛbɛyɛ yaw, nea ɛbɛba, anaa nea ebia ebefi mu aba no bɛda no adi. Esiane eyi nti, wɔ Nirogi Lanka ha no, yɛpɛ sɛ yɛka biribiara a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa mammograms ho asɛm —mmerɛw na ɛda adi pefee, te sɛ nnamfo a wɔrebɔ nkɔmmɔ ara pɛ —na ama w’adwene ho adwo wo.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne mammogram?
Mammogram yɛ X-ray nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a wɔde mframa a ɛba fam koraa di dwuma de hwehwɛ ntini a ɛwɔ wo nufu mu no mu. Eyi yɛ soronko koraa wɔ X-ray a yɛde yɛ yɛn nnompe no ho . Nneɛma atitiriw abien nti na nnuruyɛfo de eyinom di dwuma titiriw:
1. Screening Mammogram: Wɔyɛ eyi ansa na woahu sɛnkyerɛnne biara (te sɛ akisikuru anaa ɛyaw) de ahu nufu mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan koraa. Fa no sɛ wode wo kar bɛkɔ akɔhwɛ sɛnea wɔyɛ adwuma no ansa na biribiara asɛe. Botae no ne sɛ wobehu nsɛmpɔw ntɛm ara.
2. Diagnostic Mammogram: Sɛ woanya sɛnkyerɛnne foforo—te sɛ akisikuru, ɛyaw, nufu mu nsu, anaa honam ani nsakrae—a, wɔde nhwehwɛmu yi di dwuma de kyerɛ nea ɛde ba ankasa.
Kae sɛ, wɔ honam ani kokoram akyi , nufu mu kokoram yɛ kokoram a ɛtaa ba mmea mu no mu biako. Nanso, asɛm a eye sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wohu nufu mu kokoram ntɛm a, mfe 5 a wɔde tra ase no dɔɔso kodu 99% . Ɛno nti na saa mammogram nhwehwɛmu yi yɛ nnwinnade a tumi wom sen biara a yɛwɔ wɔ nufu mu kokoram a yɛko tia mu no mu biako no.
So mammogram ahorow ahorow wɔ hɔ?
Yiw, ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:
- 2D Digital Mammogram: Wɔ saa atetesɛm kwan yi so no, wotwa wo nufu ho mfonini fi afã abien (fi soro kosi ase ne ɔfã kosi ɔfã).
- 3D Digital Mammogram (Digital Breast Tomosynthesis): Eyi yɛ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri. Ɛha yi, wɔmia nufu no pɛnkoro, na afiri no tu wɔ ahinanan mu de twa X-ray mfonini ahorow pii. Afei kɔmputa boaboa eyinom ano ma ɛyɛ 3D mfonini, te sɛ nea worehwɛ nufu no mu ntini a wɔakyekyɛm no. Eyi ma oduruyɛfo no hu nufu no mu nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu no pefee na emu dɔ kɛse.
So mammogram betumi asi kokoram so dua 100%?
Ɛha na nnipa pii adwene tu fra. Dabi, mammogram ntumi nkyerɛ koraa sɛ wowɔ kokoram.
Fa no sɛ polisini bi a ɔretwe kar bi akɔhwehwɛ check. Esiane sɛ wɔtwee no nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ ofirikafo no yɛɛ bɔne bi; ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ mu yiye. Mammogram nso yɛ adwuma saa ara. Sɛ beae bi a adwenem naayɛ wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ mu yiye nkutoo na ɛkyerɛ .
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woahu sɛ ebia beae bi a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo te sɛ Nufu mu Ultrasound anaa Nufu mu Nhwehwɛmu, baabi a wɔfa ntini no mu kakraa bi ma wɔhwehwɛ mu. Biopsy nkutoo ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so si kokoram so dua anaasɛ wɔayi afi hɔ a akyinnye biara nni ho.
Henanom na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn nufu mu nhwehwɛmu, na mpɛn ahe?
Mpɛn pii no, amanaman ntam akwankyerɛ kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbea biara fi ase yɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu mfe abien biara fi bere a odi mfe 40 kosi sɛ obedi mfe 75.
Nanso, eyi nyɛ mmara a ɛfa obiara ho. Sɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ fi ase ansa na woadi mfe 40 anaasɛ wobɛtaa anya bi (sɛ nhwɛso no, afe biara).
Henanom na ebia wɔn nufu mu kokoram betumi anya asiane kɛse?
Sɛ nea edidi so yi mu biara fa wo ho a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa de yɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛfata ma wo:
- Wowɔ nufu mu kokoram ho abakɔsɛm pɛn .
- Wowɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a emu yɛ den (ɛna, onuawa, ɔbabea) a wowɔ nufu anaa awotwaa mu kokoram .
- Wɔakyerɛ sɛ wowɔ BRCA1 anaa BRCA2 awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae, a ɛma nufu mu kokoram ho asiane yɛ kɛse.
- Wowɔ nufu mu tebea horow bi a ɛnyɛ kokoram, te sɛ atypical ductal hyperplasia , a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ daakye no yɛ kɛse.
- Wowɔ nufu a ɛyɛ den (wɔbɛka eyi ho asɛm wɔ wo mammogram amanneɛbɔ mu).
Wɔ mmere a ɛntaa nsi koraa mu no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ mmarima a wɔwɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a asiane kɛse wom nso sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn nufu mu nhwehwɛmu.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn asiesie wo ho ama mammogram?
Ahosiesie a ɛnyɛ den bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ansa na woayɛ wo sɔhwɛ ne da a wobɛyɛ wo sɔhwɛ no. Momma yɛnbubu wɔn mu.
| Sɛnea Wosiesie Wo Ho | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Wo Nhyehyɛe a Wobɛhyehyɛ | Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛkwati sɛ wobɛyɛ wo sɔhwɛ ho nhyehyɛe wɔ dapɛn a edi wo brayɛ anim anaa bere a worekɔ nna mu no mu. Ebia wo nufu bɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse wɔ saa bere yi mu, na ebetumi ama nhwehwɛmu no ayɛ nea ɛnyɛ dɛ. Bere a eye sen biara ne bɛyɛ dapɛn biako bere a wo nna awie no. |
| Amanneɛbɔ a Ɛho Hia | Yɛsrɛ sɛ ka kyerɛ yɛn adwumayɛfo bere a worekyerɛw wo din sɛ woanyinsɛn, worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubenyinsɛn, anaasɛ worema nufu a. Afei nso, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka sɛ wowɔ nufu a wɔde ahyɛ wo mu anaasɛ woanya nnuru a wɔde bɔ wo ho ban nnansa yi. |
| Wɔ Sɔhwɛ Da no | Mfa deodorant, perfume, lotion, anaa nipadua mu powder nhyɛ wo nsa ase anaa wo moma so. Nneɛma nketenkete yi wɔ nneɛma nketenkete a ebetumi ada adi sɛ nsensanee wɔ X-ray mfonini ahorow no so na ebetumi aka w’amanneɛbɔ no pɛpɛɛpɛ. |
| Ntade a wɔhyɛ | Esiane sɛ ebehia sɛ wuyi wo ntade fi w’asen so kɔ soro nti, atade a ɛwɔ afã abien (te sɛ blouse a wɔde pants anaa skirt) hyɛ no yɛ nea ɛfata sen sɛ wobɛhyɛ atade. |
Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ mammogram no?
Adeyɛ no yɛ mmerɛw na mpɛn pii no egye simma 15–20 pɛ.
1. Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yi agude ne ntade mfi w’asen so kɔ soro na wɔbɛma wo atade a ebue wɔ anim.
2. Mfiridwuma ho ɔbenfo bi bɛkyerɛ wo kwan akɔ mammogram afiri no so na waboa wo wɔ baabi a wobɛtena.
3. Wɔde wo nufu bɛto asɛnka agua titiriw bi so.
4. Afei plastic paddle bɛmia wo nufu no brɛoo. Saa nhyɛso yi ho hia , efisɛ ɛtrɛw ntini no mu de hwɛ hu sɛ mfonini ahorow a emu da hɔ na ɛyɛ papa na ɛtew mframa dodow a ehia no so.
5. Wɔtwa X-ray mfonini no bere a wɔahyɛ wo nufu no bere tiaa bi mu sikani kakraa bi no.
6. Afei wɔsan yɛ adeyɛ no ma ɔfã foforo no.
7. Sɛ wuwie a, wubetumi asiesie wo ho na ntɛm ara woasan afi wo da biara da dwumadi ahorow a wotaa yɛ no ase.
Nea Ɛtaa Ɛhaw Adwene: So mammogram yɛ yaw?
Nnipa pii haw wɔ eyi ho. Nokwarem no, ɛsono nnipa biara. Ebia ebinom bɛte nka sɛ wɔn ho nyɛ wɔn dɛ kakra anaa nhyɛso , bere a afoforo nso betumi ahu sɛ ɛyɛ yaw kakra.
Nanso, ɔhaw no kɔ so yɛ sikɔne kakraa bi pɛ. Sɛ wɔkyere mfonini no wie a, wogyae nhyɛso no. Sɛ wote nka sɛ wuntumi nnyina ɔhaw no ano a, yɛsrɛ wo kasa na ka kyerɛ mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no ntɛm ara.
Wo suahu betumi agyina nneɛma te sɛ:
- Wo nufu kɛse ne sɛnea ɛyɛ den.
- Bere a wo brayɛ ba.
- Osuahu ne ahokokwaw a mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no wɔ.
- Sɛnea wubetumi agye w’ahome na woakura gyinabea a wɔhwehwɛ no mu.
W’amanneɛbɔ a Wobɛte Ase
Mpɛn pii no, wobehu wo mammogram aba no wɔ nna kakraa bi mu. Wɔde nhyehyɛe bi a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ a wɔfrɛ no Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) na ɛkyekyɛ nea efi mu ba no mu akuwakuw .
| BI-RADS Nkonimdi | Nkyerɛase a Wɔayɛ no Mmerewa |
|---|---|
| 0. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so | Nsɛm a enni mũ. Ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ mfonini foforo (sɛ nhwɛso no, Ultrasound). |
| 1. 1. Nnipa a wɔte saa | Negetifu. Wonhuu biribiara a ɛnteɛ. Toa so yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa. |
| 2. 2. | Ɛnyɛ bɔne. Nea wɔahu no nyɛ kokoram. |
| 3. 3. | Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ bɔne, nanso wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu a wodi akyi wɔ asram 6 mu. |
| 4. 4. | Susu sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ɛno. Ɛnyɛ nea ebetumi aba sɛ obi benya ɔyare bɔne. Wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ biopsy. |
| 5. 5. | Adwene mu naayɛ kɛse. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ obi benya ɔyare bɔne. Ɛyɛ ahyɛde sɛ wɔyɛ biopsy. |
| 6. 6. | Wonim sɛ ɛyɛ ɔyare bɔne a wɔada no adi wɔ biopsy mu. |
Sɛ wo nsa ka "Abnormal" aba a, mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ biribi wɔ hɔ a wɔahu a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ anammɔn a edi hɔ a ɛho hia mu pefee.
Na sɛ wɔde nufu a wɔde hyɛ me mu nso ɛ?
Nufu a wɔde hyɛ wo mu no nsiw wo kwan sɛ wobɛyɛ mammogram. Nanso, ɛsɛ sɛ wobɔ yɛn amanneɛ bere a woreyɛ wo nhyehyɛe no na wobɔ mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no amanneɛ ansa na wɔafi ase ayɛ scan no.
Esiane sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a nufu a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu betumi akata ntini a ɛwɔ ase no so nti, yɛbɛfa adwene titiriw kakraa bi a wɔfrɛ no implant displacement (ID) adwene a ɛboro mfonini ahorow a wɔtaa de di dwuma no so. Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wɔdan nea wɔde ahyɛ mu no brɛoo kɔ akyi de abɔde mu nufu mu ntini no ba anim ma mfonini a emu da hɔ. Ɛho nhia koraa sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ anammɔn foforo yi haw wo.
Nneɛma Titiriw a Wɔde Fa W’akwahosan
- Mammogram da so ara yɛ sika kɔkɔɔ gyinapɛn ne adwinnade a ɛho hia sen biara a wɔde hu nufu mu kokoram ntɛm. Yɛsrɛ sɛ mma ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no nnsuro.
- Bere a ebia wubenya ɔhaw bere tiaa bi a ɛnyɛ den no, saa adeyɛ yi gye simma kakraa bi pɛ na ɛyɛ sika a egye nkwa wɔ w’akwahosan a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ mu.
- Sɛ woadi mfe 40 anaa nea ɛboro saa a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa ho. Sɛ wowɔ asiane pɔtee bi a, ebia ebehia sɛ wufi ase yɛ nhwehwɛmu ntɛm.
- Sɛ wunya nea efi mu ba a “ɛnyɛ ne kwan so” a, bɔ mmɔden sɛ woremmɔ hu. Eyi nkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ kokoram; nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo anaa mfoninitwa ho hia.
- Sɛ wuhu nsakrae, akuru, anaa ɛyaw a ɛkɔ so wɔ wo nufu mu a, ntwɛn mma wo nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a edi hɔ a wɔayɛ ho nhyehyɛe no—kɔ w’akwahosan ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
Mammogram, Mammogram, Nufu mu kokoram, Nufu mu kokoram, X-ray, Mmea akwahosan, mmea akwahosan, Kokoram nhwehwɛmu, nhwehwɛmu, Nirogi Lanka
