Sɛ́ ɔbea no, ɛho hia paa sɛ wohwɛ wo nufu akwahosan so. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a sɛ wote asɛmfua bi te sɛ ‘ mammogram ’ a, wote ehu ne ehu kakra nka, ɛnte saa? Wususuw nneɛma ahorow nyinaa ho, te sɛ so ɛbɛyɛ yaw, nea ɛbɛba, ne nea ɛbɛba amanneɛbɔ no mu. Ɛno nti, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka saa mammogram yi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa so, te sɛ nea wo ne w’adamfo bi rekasa, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wo nsɛmmisa nyinaa bɛda adi.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne mammogram?
Mammogram yɛ X-ray nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a wɔde mframa a ɛba fam koraa ( X-ray a ɛba fam ) di dwuma de hwehwɛ ntini a ɛwɔ wo nufu mu no mu. Eyi yɛ soronko koraa wɔ X-ray a wɔfaa yɛn nnompe ho . Nneɛma atitiriw abien nti na nnuruyɛfo de di dwuma.
1. Screening Mammogram (pre-symptomatic test): Wɔyɛ eyi de hwehwɛ nufu mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne biara (te sɛ akisikuru anaa ɛyaw) ada adi. Ɛte sɛ nea woreyɛ kar bi ho adwuma ansa na ɔhaw bi asi. Botae a ɛwɔ ha ne sɛ wobehu no ntɛm.
2. Diagnostic Mammogram (sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ bere a sɛnkyerɛnne bi asɔre): Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne biara te sɛ akuru foforo wɔ wo nufu mu, ɛyaw, nufusu mu nsu a ɛtɔ, anaa honam ani nsakrae a, wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de hu nea ɛde ba ankasa.
Kae sɛ, wɔ honam ani kokoram akyi , nufu mu kokoram ne kokoram a abu so sen biara wɔ mmea mu. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ sɛ wohu nufu mu kokoram ntɛm a, mfe 5 a wɔde tra ase no dɔɔso kodu 99% . Enti, saa mammogram sɔhwɛ yi yɛ akode a ano yɛ den sen biara a yɛwɔ wɔ yɛn nsam a yɛde ko tia nufu mu kokoram no mu biako.
So mammogram ahorow ahorow wɔ hɔ?
Yiw, mammogram ahorow abien titiriw na ɛwɔ hɔ.
- 2D Digital Mammogram: Eyi twa wo nufu biako mfonini fi afã abien (fi soro kɔ fam ne ɔfã kɔ ɔfã). Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ atetesɛm.
- 3D Digital Mammogram (Nufu mu Tomosynthesis a Wɔde Digyital Yɛ):Eyi yɛ ɔkwan foforo a ɛkɔ anim kakra. Ɛha yi, wɔmia nufu no pɛnkoro, na afiri no tu wɔ ahinanan mu, na ɛtwa X-ray mfonini pii. Afei, kɔmputa ka mfonini ahorow yi bom, na ɛyɛ mfonini a ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa (3D), te sɛ nea ɛretwitwa nufu no mu asinasin teateaa. Eyi ma oduruyɛfo no hu nea ɛwɔ nufu no mu no yiye na emu dɔ.
So mammogram betumi ahu 100% sɛ kokoram wɔ hɔ anaa?
Ɛha na nnipa pii di mfomso. Dabi, mammogram ntumi nkyerɛ sɛ kokoram wɔ hɔ.
Fa no sɛ polisifo resi kar bi wɔ kwan so esiane adwenem naayɛ nti. Worentumi nsiw ano kɛkɛ na woaka sɛ biribi asɛe wɔ ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mu yiye. Mammogram a wɔyɛ no yɛ ade koro. Sɛ biribi a ɛyɛ hu bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ nufu no mu nkutoo na ɛkyerɛ .
Nea ɛbɛyɛ na oduruyɛfo no ahu sɛ ebia baabi a wɔahu no yɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa no, obetumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo, te sɛ nufu mu nnyigyei a wɔde hwɛ nipadua no mu anaasɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu , a nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wobegye ntini ketewaa bi afi baabi a ɛyɛ hu no. Bere a wɔayɛ biopsy akyi nkutoo na wobetumi ahu no yiye sɛ ebia ɛyɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa.
Henanom na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn nufu mu nhwehwɛmu? Mpɛn dodoɔ sɛn?
Mpɛn pii no, sɛnea amanaman ntam nyansahyɛ ahorow kyerɛ no, wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wɔyɛ mmea nyinaa, fi bere a wɔadi mfe 40 kosi sɛ wobedi mfe 75 no, wɔn nufu mu nhwehwɛmu mfe abien biara .
Nanso, eyi nyɛ mmara a ɛfa obiara ho. Sɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ wo sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi ansa na woadi mfe 40 anaa mpo abɛn no (e.g. afe biara).
Henanom na ebia asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram?
Sɛ nea edidi so yi mu biara fa wo ho a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa na woyɛ mammogram nhyehyɛe a ɛfata wo.
- Sɛ woanya nufu mu kokoram pɛn a.
- Sɛ w’abusua mufo a wɔbɛn wo (ɛna, onuawa, ɔbabea) anya nufu anaa awotwaa mu kokoram a .
- Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram te sɛ BRCA1 ne BRCA2 no yɛ kɛse a.
- Sɛ wowɔ nufu mu tebea horow bi a ɛnyɛ kokoram, te sɛ atypical ductal hyperplasia , a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ daakye no yɛ kɛse.
- Sɛ wowɔ nufu a ɛyɛ den a (wɔbɛka eyi ho asɛm wɔ wo mammogram amanneɛbɔ mu).
Ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi koraa de, nanso mmere bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ mmarima a wɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu esiane kokoram a wɔwɔ abusua mu nti no nso yɛ wɔn nufu mu mfonini.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn asiesie wo ho ama mammogram?
Ɛsɛ sɛ ahosiesie bi ba wo fam ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ yi ne da no. Momma yɛnbubu mu saa.
| Sɛnea wosiesie wɔn ho | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Bere a wode da no asi nkyɛn no | Mfa afiri no nhyɛ mu dapɛn biako ansa na wo nna anaa bere a worekɔ nna mu. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ ebia wo nufu bɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse wɔ saa mmere yi mu, na ɛbɛma sɔhwɛ no ayɛ den. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode afiri no bɛhyɛ mu bɛyɛ dapɛn biako bere a wo nna awie no. |
| Amanneɛbɔ titiriw a wɔde ma | Sɛ woanyinsɛn, worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubenyinsɛn, anaasɛ worema nufu a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo bere a woayɛ wo nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma woanyinsɛn no. Afei nso, sɛ wowɔ nufu a wɔde ahyɛ wo mu anaasɛ woanya nnuru a wɔde bɔ wo ho ban nnansa yi a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. |
| Da a wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no | Mfa deodorant, perfume, lotion, anaa nipadua mu powder nhyɛ wo nsateaa so. Nneɛma nketenkete a ɛwɔ saa nneɛma yi mu no bi betumi ada adi sɛ nkekae wɔ X-ray mfonini ahorow so, na ebetumi aka amanneɛbɔ no pɛpɛɛpɛ. |
| Ntade a wɔhyɛ | Esiane sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woda wo nipadua atifi da adi koraa fi w’asen so besi fam nti, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛhyɛ atade a ɛwɔ afã abien, te sɛ pantan anaa atade a ɛwɔ blouse, sen sɛ wobɛhyɛ atade a ɛyɛ biako te sɛ atade. |
Dɛn na ɛba ankasa bere a wɔreyɛ mammogram no?
Saa adeyɛ yi nyɛ den sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no. Ɛtaa gye bɛyɛ simma 15-20.
1. Nea edi kan no, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yi ntade ne agude a ɛwɔ w’asen so nyinaa. Mmom no, wɔbɛma wo atade a ebue wɔ anim.
2. Afei wɔde wo bɛkɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ mammogram no so. Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no bɛboa wo.
3. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode wo nufu biako si prɛte soronko bi so wɔ afiri no mu.
4. Afei, wɔde plastic paddle foforo di dwuma de mia wo nufu no brɛoo. Saa nhyɛso yi ho hia efisɛ ɛma nufu no mu ntini no trɛw pɛpɛɛpɛ na ɛma X-ray mfonini a emu da hɔ a ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ kusuu. Ɛtew mframa a wɔde ma no so nso.
5. Wɔbɛtwa X-ray mfonini no wɔ sikɔne kakraa bi mu bere a wɔakura eyi mu no.
6. Afei yɛ saa ara ma nufu foforo no.
7. Sɛ wowie adwuma no a, wubetumi asan ahyɛ wo ntade mu na woatoa w’adwuma so sɛnea woyɛ daa saa da no ara.
Asɛmmisa a obiara bisa: So mammogram yɛ yaw?
Eyi yɛ biribi a nnipa pii suro. Sɛ yɛbɛka nokware a, ɛsono obiara. Nnipa binom te nka sɛ wɔn ho nyɛ wɔn dɛ kakra, atenka a ɛyɛ den . Ebia afoforo mpo behu sɛ ɛyɛ yaw kakra .
Nanso nea eye sen biara ne sɛ saa ɔhaw yi di sikɔne kakraa bi pɛ . Afiri no gyae nhyɛso no bere a wɔatwa mfonini no ara pɛ. Sɛ wote ɛyaw a wuntumi nnyina ano a, ka kyerɛ mfiridwumayɛfo no ntɛm ara.
Ebia ɔhaw a wote nka no begyina nneɛma te sɛ:
- Wo nufu kɛse ne sɛnea ɛyɛ den.
- Wo brayɛ bere no fã bɛn na wowɔ mu.
- Mfiridwumayɛfo no osuahu ne n’ahokokwaw.
- Wowɔ tumi a wode gye w’ahome na wugyina hɔ yiye.
Dɛn na ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu?
Mpɛn pii no, wo mammogram amanneɛbɔ no ba wɔ nna kakraa bi mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi agye bere kakra. Wɔde nhyehyɛe a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ di dwuma de kyekyɛ nea efi amanneɛbɔ yi mu ba no mu akuwakuw. Wɔfrɛ no Nufu mu Mfonini Amanneɛbɔ ne Nsɛm Ho Nhyehyɛe (BI-RADS) .
| BI-RADS nɔma | Nkyerɛase a ɛyɛ mmerɛw |
|---|---|
| 0. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so | Nsɛm a ɛnnɔɔso. Nhwehwɛmu pii (e.g. ultrasound) ho hia. |
| 1. 1. Nnipa a wɔte saa | Negetifu. Nneɛma a ɛnteɛ biara nni hɔ. Yɛ sɔhwɛ a edi hɔ no sɛnea wotaa yɛ no. |
| 2. 2. | Biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛnyɛ kokoram (benign) . (Nhwɛso: akisikuru) nanso ɛnyɛ kokoram. |
| 3. 3. | Ebia ɛnyɛ kokoram, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wosan kɔhwɛ wo bio wɔ bɛyɛ asram 6 akyi. |
| 4. 4. | Susu sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ɛno. Hokwan kakraa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram. Ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ biopsy. |
| 5. 5. | Adwene mu naayɛ kɛse. Hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ biopsy. |
| 6. 6. | Obi a wɔahu dedaw sɛ ɔwɔ kokoram denam nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu so. |
Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu sɛ wo nsa ka amanneɛbɔ a "ɛnyɛ nea ɛnteɛ" a. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Ɛkyerɛ kɛkɛ sɛ biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ mu kɔ akyiri. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi.
Na sɛ wɔde nufu a wɔde hyɛ me mu nso ɛ?
Sɛ wowɔ nufu a wɔde hyɛ wo mu a, ɛnyɛ ɔhaw mma nufu mu nhwehwɛmu. Nanso, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wobɔ mfiridwumayɛfo a ɔyɛ sɔhwɛ no ne bere a woahyɛ wo ho amanneɛ no amanneɛ .
Esiane sɛ nneɛma a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu no ma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu nufu no mu ntini nyinaa prɛko pɛ nti, wɔ mfonini dodow a wɔtaa yɛ no akyi no, wɔtwa mfonini titiriw kakraa bi bio (inmplant displacement (ID) views) . Ɛha yi, wɔde nkakrankakra pia nea wɔde ahyɛ mu no kɔ akyi, na ɛde nufu no mu ntini no ba anim, na wɔtwe mfonini ahorow no. Enti biribiara nni hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Mammograms ne sɔhwɛ a eye sen biara na ɛho hia sen biara a wɔde hu nufu mu kokoram ntɛm. Nsuro wɔn.
- Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a egye simma kakraa bi pɛ na ebia ɛbɛyɛ nea ɛnyɛ dɛ kakra, nanso ebetumi aboa ma woagye wo nkwa bere tenten.
- Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa sɛnea wobɛyɛ mammogram bere a woadi mfe 40. Sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow a, ebia ebehia sɛ wufi ase ntɛm mpo.
- Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu sɛ wo nsa ka amanneɛbɔ a "ɛnyɛ nea ɛnteɛ" a. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ kokoram, ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii.
- Sɛ wuhu nsakrae, akuru, anaa ɛyaw biara wɔ wo nufu mu a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara, a wontwɛn wo nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a edi hɔ no.
Mammogram, nufu mu kokoram, X-ray, mmea akwahosan, kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu
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