So wowɔ ɔhaw bi wɔ wo koma no mitral valve no ho? Momma yɛnka Mitral Valve Yare ho asɛm!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote yaw kakra nka wo moma so, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, anaasɛ wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm a ɛsakra mpofirim? Ebia wubesusuw sɛ eyinom yɛ nneɛma a ɛfata. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyinom betumi ayɛ mmerɛwyɛ bi a ɛwɔ mitral valve a ɛwɔ wo koma mu no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka mitral valve yare yi (`Mitral Valve Disease`) ho asɛm kɛkɛ .

Dɛn ne mitral valve no? Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ koma mu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wo koma yɛ akwaa a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Ɛwɔ adan akɛse anan. Ɛte sɛ adan a ɛwɔ ofie bi mu. Bere a mogya nam saa adan yi ntam no, apon nketenkete bi wɔ hɔ a ɛma ɛkɔ so sen kɔ ɔkwan biako pɛ so. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no valve ahorow . Mitral valve no wɔ soro dan a ɛwɔ wo koma benkum so (benkum so atrium) ne ase dan (benkum so ventricle) ntam. Ɛte sɛ ɔpon ketewa bi. N’adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛma mogya a oxygen pii wom a efi ahurututu no mu no afi benkum ahurututu no mu akɔ benkum ahurututu no mu. Afei benkum so ahurututu no de mogya no kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa. Mitral valve no te sɛ kar polisini , ɛma mogya kɔ ɔkwan biako pɛ so na ɛnsan n’akyi. Enti, sɛ biribi asɛe wɔ mitral valve yi mu, anaasɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye a, ɛnde wɔfrɛ no Mitral Valve Disease . Eyi betumi asi mpofirim, anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ kɛse bere a bere kɔ so no. Wobetumi awo nnipa binom a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi (congenital).

Dɛn ne mitral valve yare ahorow atitiriw?

Mitral valve yare atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ. Fa wo mitral valve no sɛ ɔpon a ɛwɔ anim abien (`leaflets` anaa `cusps`). Ɛsɛ sɛ saa nhama yi bue na wɔto mu yiye na ama mogya afa mu. 1. Mitral Valve Stenosis: Eyi ne bere a anim no yɛ den, ɛyɛ den, na enbue yiye. Eyi ma ɔkwan a mogya fa so fi benkum so ahurututu no mu kɔ benkum ahurututu no mu no yɛ teateaa. Ɛte sɛ nsu paipu a asiw. Eyi ma koma no yɛ adwumaden de bɔ mogya. 2. Mitral Valve Prolapse: Eyi ne bere a flaps no yɛ mmerɛw dodo, na sɛ koma no twetwe a, ɛpuepue kɔ benkum atrium no mu. Wɔhwe ase te sɛ ntama dedaw. Eyi betumi ama valve no rento mu yiye. Sɛ eyi ba a, ɛtɔ da bi a mogya fi ase tu kɔ akyi (`regurgitation`). 3. Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Wɔtaa frɛ eyi ` `leaky valve`` anaa ``mitral insufficiency``.Wɔsan frɛ no. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ valve no flaps no nhyia yiye. Afei, mogya a ɛkɔɔ benkum ahurututu no mu no bi san kɔ benkum ahurututu no mu. Ɛte sɛ mframa a ɛretu afi balloon a wɔato mu mu. Nnipa binom tumi nya saa ahorow yi mu nea ɛboro biako.

Hena na onya mitral valve yare? Ɛtaa ba dɛn?

Saa yare yi betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu. Wɔwo nkokoaa binom a wɔwɔ ɔhaw yi. Mpanyimfo binom betumi anya bi mpofirim, esiane komayare anaa komayare nti . Nanso, ɛtaa ba nkakrankakra wɔ nnipa a wɔn mfe akɔ anim mu bere a valve no yɛ mmerɛw no. Ɔkwan a wɔfrɛ no `Mitral Valve Prolapse` no abu so wɔ mmea mu. Nanso, sɛ ɛba mmarima mu a, ebetumi ayɛ nea asiane wom kakra, efisɛ ɛda adi sɛ wɔn ho bɛsan wɔn akyi denneennen.

• Mitral Valve Stenosis ntaa nkɔ aman te sɛ Amerika mu kakra. Nanso, ɛtaa ba aman a atiridiinini abu so no mu.
• Mitral Valve Prolapse na ɛtaa ba. Ebia nnipa 33 biara mu 1 wɔ United States. Nanso ɛnyɛ obiara na mogya bɛtu kɛse.
• Mitral Valve Regurgitation nso abu so. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ 10 biara mu biako wɔ United States na nsu a ɛretu wɔ wɔn koma mu ntini mu. Nsu a ɛtwetwe a ɛtaa ba ne mitral valve.

Dɛn ne mitral valve yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a wubehu no gyina mitral valve yare ko a wowɔ ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebia worennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa . Anaasɛ ebia wubehyia nneɛma te sɛ:

• Koko mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ den.
• Ɔfe , ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya kakra wom.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa anaasɛ obi a ɔtotɔ piti.
• Ɔbrɛ ne ɔbrɛ (` Ɔbrɛ` ) .
• Heart palpitations . Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo koma rebɔ ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ wobɛte wo koma a ɛrebɔ nnyigyei.
• Ebia nnipa binom benya atiridiinini .
• Tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no "Mitral facies." Eyi ne bere a anim no da adi sɛ kɔla yɛ pinkish-purple.
• "Orthostatic hypotension" (`Nneɛma a ɛma mogya tu a ɛkɔ soro`) . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wobɛda mpofirim bere a wogyina hɔ no.Mogya mmoroso a wɔbɛtew so .
• Ahome tiaa , titiriw bere a woabrɛ anaa bere a woada fam no.
• Nan, anan, ne anan a ɛho ahonhon .

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nso betumi ne komayare afoforo (atrial fibrillation, komayare) abata ho.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde mitral valve yare ba?

Ebia nneɛma ahorow bi nti na ɛte saa. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu atitiriw no:

• Koma mu dɛmdi a wɔde awo: Wɔwo nnipa binom a wɔwɔ mitral valve no ho haw.
• Ntini a ɛka bom yɛ adwuma: Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne tebea horow te sɛ Marfan yare ne Ehlers-Danlos yare .
• Koma mu yare (endocarditis): Nyarewa a ɛwɔ koma no mu no betumi asɛe ntini ahorow no.
• Benkum so ahurututu a ɛtrɛw: Mpɛn pii no, eyi betumi afi komayare anaa tebea bi te sɛ cardiomyopathy (koma ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw) mu aba.
• Mpanyinyɛ: Bere a worenyin no, calcium betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ wo koma ntini mu. Eyi betumi ama valve ahorow no ayɛ den na ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye.
• Mframa a wɔde sa yare: Nnipa a wɔayɛ wɔn mframa a wɔde sa wɔn moma so no betumi anya koma no mu ntini a asɛe wɔ mfe 10-20 akyi.
• Rheumatic fever: Eyi yɛ atiridii a ɔyare mmoawa bi na ɛde ba. Sɛ wɔansa no yiye a, ebetumi asɛe koma no ntini no wɔ mfe no mu. Bere bi a atwam no, eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛde Mitral Valve Stenosis ba. Mprempren, esiane nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa nti, eyi so atew kɛse.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu mitral valve yare?

Oduruyɛfo bi a ɔbɛhwɛ wo na wayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi nkutoo na ebetumi ahu eyi .

Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu

Oduruyɛfo no de afiri a wɔde tie asɛm bɛto wo moma so na watie wo koma nnyigyei. Afei wɔbɛhwehwɛ nnyigyei pɔtee (anwiinwii) a ɛbata mitral valve yare ahorow ho.

• Wɔ `Mitral Valve Stenosis` mu no : Ebia wobɛte nnyigyei bi bere a mogya fa valve a ayɛ teateaa no mu ne ``snap`` nnyigyei bere a valve no bue.
• Wɔ `Mitral Valve Prolapse` mu no : Wobetumi ate `click` nnyigyei, na `murmur` di akyi. Wɔsan frɛ eyi `click-murmur syndrome`.
• Wɔ `Mitral Valve Regurgitation` mu no : Wɔte `nwiinwii` bere a mogya tu kɔ akyi no.

Nea ɛka ho no, wobebisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ komayare anaa.

Nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔde hu yare no

Echocardiogram (echo) ne sɔhwɛ a eye sen biara a wɔde yɛ eyi. Etumi hwɛ nneɛma pii, te sɛ sɛnea koma no mu ntini te, sɛnea koma no kɛse te, ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma. Ɛte sɛ nea wɔde ultrasound scan ayɛ. Nea ɛka ho no, ebetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ:

• Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG): Eyi na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea koma no mu anyinam ahoɔden yɛ adwuma.
• Chest X-ray: Wobetumi de eyi ahwɛ sɛ benkum so ahurututu no ayɛ kɛse na nsu te sɛ nsu aboaboa ano wɔ ahurututu no mu anaa.
• Cardiac Catheterization: Wɔde afiri ketewaa bi fa mogya ntini bi mu hyɛ koma no mu de susuw nhyɛso a ɛwɔ koma no mu. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahwɛ sɛ mitral valve stenosis anaa. Wɔyɛ eyi nso ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn de ahwɛ sɛ ebia ɔhaw ahorow bi wɔ ahrawa mu ntini ahorow no mu anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa mitral valve yare?

Sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, ebia wunhia ayaresa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo daa na wahwɛ wo tebea no. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ɛho behia sɛ wɔsa. Ayaresa no gyina nneɛma pii so, te sɛ wo tebea, mfe a woadi, ne sɛ ebia wowɔ ayaresa mu tebea afoforo anaa. Ayaresa atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a wobetumi apaw:

• Nnuru a Wɔde Yɛ:

Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛbɛboa ma woadi wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a wɔde siw nsu mu nsu, beta-blockers anaa calcium channel blockers , ne mogya mmoroso nnuru. Ebia wɔbɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛma mogya tu anaa nnuru a ekum mogya a ɛtwetwe mogya nso na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ no so atew.

• `Balloon Valvotomy a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma`: .

Wɔyɛ eyi ma nnipa a wɔwɔ `Mitral Valve Stenosis`. Wɔde afiri ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ balloon fa mogya ntini bi mu kɔ koma no mu, na wɔma balloon no mu kɔ baabi a ɛbɛn valve a asiw no, na ebue valve no na ɛtrɛw kwan no mu ma mogya no sen.

• Mitral valve a wosiesie oprehyɛn:

Bere biara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye no, nnuruyɛfo bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobesiesie valve no mmom sen sɛ wobeyi afi hɔ. Eyi ma wutumi de w’ankasa valve sie na wokwati nsɛnnennen a ɛba bere a wɔde valve a wɔde ayɛ nneɛma ba no bi.

• Mitral valve a wɔde besi ananmu oprehyɛn:

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ valve no asɛe dodo sɛ wobetumi asiesie a, ɛsɛ sɛ woyi na wɔde valve a wɔde nsa ayɛ hyɛ mu.

• Oprehyɛn a wɔmfa biribiara nhyɛ mu (`Mitral valve repair a ɛnyɛ den pii`):

Saa akwan yi ma wo ho tɔ no ntɛmntɛm efisɛ wɔfa ntwitwiridii nketenkete so na ɛyɛ oprehyɛn no sen sɛ wɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn no kɛse. Akwan bi wɔ hɔ te sɛ `Right mini-thoracotomy` , `partial upper sternotomy` , ne `robotically-assisted repair` .

• Nneɛma a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu wɔ honam ani:

Eyinom yɛ ayaresa ahorow a wɔde catheter di dwuma. Wɔfata nnipa a wɔn koma atrɛw na wɔayɛ mmerɛw no yiye. Wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ `Mitral Valve Regurgitation` fam no, wobetumi de afiri ketewa bi a wɔfrɛ no `MitraClipTM` abata valve no ho, na ama atoto yiye na ɛtew mogya a ɛsan kɔ akyi no so.

• Mitral valve a wɔde si ananmu wɔ honam ani:

Wɔ wɔn a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wɔn oprehyɛn nanso wɔwɔ valve gyinabea a ɛfata fam no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde valve foforo fi valve dedaw a yare no mu hyɛ mu.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛbɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare a eye ma wo no ho nkɔmmɔ.

Nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no

Mpɛn pii no, oprehyɛn ne ayaresa ahorow yi di yiye kɛse. Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nsɛnnennen bɛba no sua. Nanso, sɛnea ɛte wɔ koma oprehyɛn biara ho no, nea edidi so yi betumi aba:

• Koma a ɛbɔ daa (`Arrhythmia`) .
• Mogya a ɛretu
• Mogya a ɛtwetwe
• Koma mu yare
• Koma a wɔde siw ano
• Nsaneɛ

Asiane ahorow yi gu ahorow gyina ayaresa a wɔde ma wo ne w’akwahosan tebea so, enti wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi nso ho asɛm.

So wobetumi asiw mitral valve yare ano?

Ɛtaa yɛ den sɛ wobesiw saa valve nyarewa yi ano. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so atew bere a worenyin no:

• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu. Ɛyɛ papa paa ma wo koma ne wo mogya ntini.
• (`strep throat`) (`scarlet fever`) ‍ (`antibiotics`) .
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro afe biara kɔhwɛ wɔn akwahosan .

Sɛ woanyinsɛn anaa woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wubenyinsɛn a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka nneɛma a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wo ba no benya komayare a wofi awo mu no so. Ɛda adi sɛ obetu wo fo sɛ kwati sigaretnom, nsa, ne nnubɔnenom. Sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu wɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔwɔ komayare anaa ntini a ɛka bom yɛ adwuma a, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wususuw awosu mu nhwehwɛmu ho .

Bere tenten ahe na wubetumi de mitral valve yare atra ase?

Eyi gyina nneɛma pii so, a nea ɛka ho ne yare ko a wowɔ, sɛnea emu yɛ den, sɛnea asɛe wo koma, ne bere a wo nsa bɛka ayaresa. Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka wo tebea no ho asɛm.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ mitral valve yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara . Sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ebetumi aboa ma wɔasiw nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den ano akyiri yi. Sɛ wo tebea no nyɛ den a, ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ bra mu daa na hwɛ wo tebea no so. Mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔsra wo wɔ ayaresa akyi.

Nsɛm a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara

Sɛ biribi te sɛ eyi si a, ɛsɛ sɛ wofrɛ 1990 ntɛm ara anaa wokɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo:

• Koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den.
• Nhumu a ɛyera, adwenemhaw, anaa mmerɛwyɛ a ɛtra so.
• Sɛ koma no bɔ ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ ɛnte saa a.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den kɛse mpofirim.
• Sɛ wunya ɔhaw bi a wonhwɛ kwan fi aduru bi a worenom mu a.

Sɛ worenom nnuru a ɛma mogya tu (nnuru a ɛma mogya tu (anticoagulants) a, sɛ wohwe ase a, hwehwɛ nnuruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara. Ɛho hia sɛ wokɔhwɛ, sɛ wunhu abɔnten so sɛnkyerɛnne biara a ɛkyerɛ sɛ asɛe mpo a, efisɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtu wo mu.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ mitral valve yare wie a, ɛho hia sɛ wusua ho ade pii. Bisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Me tebea no nye dɛn?
• So eyi betumi asɛe bere a bere kɔ so no?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn? Sɛ saa a, bere bɛn na?
• So metumi ayɛ oprehyɛn a ɛnyɛ den pii anaasɛ wɔde catheter ayɛ me yare?
• So wobetumi asiesie me valve no, anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ minya valve foforo?
• Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no te?
• Asiane ne mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ saa ayaresa yi so?
• Bere tenten ahe na egye na obi ho atɔ no?
• Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ meba bɛdi akyi?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ menom nnuru biara mprempren anaasɛ bere a wɔasa me yare awie no? Bere tenten ahe?
• Nsakrae bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ wɔ m’asetra kwan mu?

Valve a wosiesie yɛ adeyɛ a ɛyɛ den, enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wonya oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Wo duruyɛfo begyina wo tebea no so atu wo fo. Mpɛn pii no, nneɛma yi ho hia:

• Fa w’aduru no sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama wo no.
• Hwɛ wo sẽ ne wo sẽ yiye. (Anom akwahosan nso ka koma no)
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ sɛnea oduruyɛfo no ka no.
• Kwati sigaretnom, nsa, ne nnubɔnenom.
• Di adwennwen so .
• Da yiye.

Fa wo aduruyɛ ho nsɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ ho nsɛm krataa no yɛ foforo.

Sɛ wowɔ valve yare biara a, ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo nnuruyɛfo ne wo sẽ ho nnuruyɛfo nyinaa. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wonom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ansa na wɔayɛ wo sẽ anaa aduruyɛ bi. Ɛho hia yiye nso sɛ wode aduruyɛ ho nsɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ ho krataa sie. Ɛsɛ sɛ nsɛm a edidi so yi kura mu:

• Wo din nyinaa ne da a wɔwoo wo.
• Obi a ɔbɛbɔ no amanneɛ wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu no telefon nɔma.
• Wo oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ wo titiriw no ho nsɛm.
• Wo allergy ahorow.
• Aduru biara a wobɛnom.
• Valve yare ko a wowɔ.
• So wusiesiee valve no anaasɛ wosesaa no?
• Sɛ́ ebia wobɛfa nnuru a ɛma mogya tu no.

Sɛ wunnim sɛnea wobɛyɛ eyi a, bisa wo duruyɛfo. Wubetumi akyerɛw saa nsɛm yi agu krataa ketewa bi so na wode asie wo sika kotoku anaa wo sika kotoku mu.

Awiei koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ meka sɛ... (Take-Home Message)

Mitral valve yare no nka obiara pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ebia nnipa binom rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Ebia afoforo nso behyia ɔhaw ahorow a ɛho hia wɔ wɔn da biara da dwumadi ahorow mu. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn daa na woahwɛ w’akwahosan so. Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne foforo anaa nsakrae bi wɔ wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow mu a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara. Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsiw valve yare ano wɔ nsɛm dodow no ara mu de, nanso asetra kwan a ɛma koma no yɛ den a wobɛfa so no betumi aboa ma ɛnyɛ wo valve nkutoo na mmom wo koma nyinaa nso ayɛ yiye. Mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ wonya aduruyɛ mu afotu ne ayaresa a ɛfata a, wo nso wubetumi adi tebea yi ho dwuma yiye na woatra ase a ahoɔden wom! Mitral Valve Yare, Koma Yare, Valve Yare, Ɔhome a Ɛyɛ Den, Koko mu Ɛyaw, Koma Oprehyɛn, Mitral Valve Yare