Fa no sɛ, na adaka ketewa bi a wotumi de mframa yɛ nsu a ɛho tew a wɔnom wɔ anhweatam bi mfinimfini. Ɛte sɛ nea nyansahu mu ayɛsɛm sini bi mu adeyɛ bi, ɛnte saa? Nanso seesei ɛyɛ nokwasɛm. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka mfiridwuma foforo a ɛyɛ nwonwa sen biara a ebetumi adi wiase nsu ho haw a ɛyɛ hu no ho asɛm.
Sɛnea Amanaman Nkabom kyerɛ no, nnipa bɛboro ɔpepepem abien a wɔwɔ wiase no nnya nsu pa a wɔbɛnom . Mmeae bi fi awosu mu nsu ho yɛ na. Na ɔpɛ a wim nsakrae de aba no ama ɔhaw no mu ayɛ den. Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, nsu a wɔwɔ no ho agu fĩ, na mmoawa ne nnuru a awuduru wom ahyɛ mu ma . Ebinom fam no, abien no nyinaa. Enti nyansahufo rehwehwɛ akwan foforo a ɛyɛ nwonwa a wɔbɛfa so adi ɔhaw yi ho dwuma.
Desert Harvester: Adaka a wɔde mframa fi sare so yɛ nsu
Mframa a yɛhome no kura nsu a ɛyɛ hyew pii, na yentumi nhu. Eyi yɛ mmeae akɛse a nsu fi wɔ Asase so no mu biako.
Sɛnea Omar M. Yaghi, ɔbenfo bi a ɔwɔ California Sukuupɔn, Berkeley kyerɛ no, sɛ yɛde nsu a ɛyɛ hyew ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ wim, a ennu .001% di dwuma a, yebetumi de nsu lita 50 ama obiara a ɔwɔ okyinnsoromma yi so da biara .
Ɔbenfo Yagi ne ne kuw no anya ɔkwan foforo a wɔbɛfa so de nsu kɛse a aniwa nhu yi adi dwuma. Wɔaka molecule soronko bi abom de ayɛ biribi a ɛte sɛ scaffold. Wɔfrɛ eyinom sɛ metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) . Eyinom yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ nwonwa. MOF asinasin a ɛyɛ ketewaa te sɛ dompe no, sɛ wotrɛw mu a, ne soro kɛse te sɛ bɔɔlbɔ abɔnten so .
Wɔyɛɛ Plexiglas adaka bi a wɔde MOF ade yi ahyɛ mu ma. Saa adaka yi yɛ hyew bere a ɛda owia hann mu no. Afei MOF a ɛwɔ adaka no mu no twetwe nsu a ɛyɛ hyew ketewaa bi mpo wɔ mframa a ɛwɔ sare a ɛso yɛ kusuu yiye so. Afei, saa nsu a ɛtwetwe no dan nsu na wɔboaboa ano sɛ nsu a ɛho tew a wotumi nom. Sɛnea Ɔbenfo Yagi ka no, “Ade foforo biara nni wiase a ebetumi atwe nsu afi mframa mu wɔ ɔhyew a ɛba fam saa mu na asan agyae bio, gye MOF yi.”
Adaka a owia ahoɔden na ɛyɛ adwuma a wɔde MOF yi gram 200 pɛ na ɛyɛ no tumi boaboa nsu bɛboro galɔn biako (ɛkame ayɛ sɛ lita 4.5) ano da biara. Mfiri a anyinam ahoɔden na ɛyɛ adwuma betumi ayɛ eyi daa da mũ nyinaa.
‘Bio-Brain Toxin Detector’ a ɛhu awuduru a ɛwɔ nsuo mu
Ɛnnɔɔso sɛ nsuo bɛho tew, ɛhia nso sɛ ɛyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho. Nsu betumi ayɛ awuduru a ɛyɛ hu a yentumi nhu anaa yɛnsɔ nhwɛ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, arsenic , kɔbere, ne mmoawa a wɔn ho yɛ hu . Nhwehwɛmufo a wɔwɔ Northwestern Sukuupɔn mu rebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobenya ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔbɛfa so ahu eyinom.
Wɔagye mmoa afi mmoawa nketenkete hɔ ma wɔayɛ eyi. Saa mmoawa nketenkete yi wɔ tumi a ɛyɛ nwonwa a wotumi hu na wɔbɔ wɔn ho ban fi nneɛma a awuduru wom a ɛwɔ nsu no mu ho. Ɛte sɛ nea wɔwɔ ‘awosu mu molecule amemene’ titiriw bi ma saa atirimpɔw no ara.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi yɛ adwuma?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, saa mmoawa nketenkete yi wɔ protein bi a wɔfrɛ no biosensors wɔ wɔn nipadua mu. Sɛ awuduru bi wɔ nsu no mu, sɛ nhwɛso no, kɔbere a, saa biosensor yi kɔ na ɛbata saa kɔbere molecule ahorow no ho. Afei awosu mu abɔde pɔtee bi a ɛwɔ saa mmoawa ketewaa no nipadua mu no yɛ adwuma, na wɔde saa kɔbere no fi nipadua no mu.
Nea nhwehwɛmufo no yɛe ne sɛ wɔfaa saa biosensors yi na wɔsesaa wɔn DNA nhyehyɛe kakra. Ɛdenam nsakrae a wɔyɛe so no, wɔdanee awosu mu abɔde bi a ɛbɛma hann (hyerɛn) aba sen awosu mu abɔde a ɛbɛma awuduru bere a wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ awuduru te sɛ kɔbere mu no.
Enti nea ɛba mprempren ne sɛ, sɛ wode protein ahorow a wɔayɛ no foforo DNA yi ka nsu nhwɛsode bi ho a, sɛ awuduru bi wɔ saa nsu no mu a, efi ase hyerɛn. Dodow a awuduru a ɛwɔ nsu no mu no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na ɛhyerɛn. Ɛte sɛ nkonyaayi!
Nnɛyi mfiridwuma ho nsɛm tiawa
Wɔabobɔ nnɛyi mfiridwuma yi bi a aba sɛ wiase nsu ho haw ano aduru no so wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no mu.
| Tɛknɔlɔgyi | Sɛnea Ɛyɛ Adwuma | Mfaso Titiriw a Wonya |
|---|---|---|
| Anhweatam so Otwafo | Dade-organic frameworks (MOFs) a wɔde bedi dwuma de atwe nsu a ɛyɛ hyew afi mframa a ɛyɛ kusuu kɛse mpo mu na wɔayɛ nsu a ɛho tew. | Wobetumi ayɛ nsu wɔ baabiara, a anyinam ahoɔden anaa nneɛma akɛse nni mu. |
| Bio-Amemene mu Awuduru a Wɔde Hu Nneɛma | Nkwammoaa nketenkete a wɔayɛ wɔn awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛma wohu nneɛma a nkwa wom hyerɛn bere a awuduru wɔ nsu mu no. | Sɛ́ wobetumi asɔ nsu mu ahobammɔ ahwɛ ntɛmntɛm na ɛnyɛ den. |
| Mfomso-Adanse Chlorine-Dispenser | Sɛ anyinam ahoɔden nni hɔ a, chlorine dodow a ɛfata a wɔde Venturi nkɛntɛnso no frafra nsu no mu ara kwa. | Tew nnipa mfomso so na fa nnuru a ekum mmoawa gu nsu mu daa. |
| Nsuo a Ɛyɛ Shock Ayaresa | Dade a emu yɛ duru te sɛ kɔbere a wobeyi afi nsu mu denam shock electrodialysis so. | Dade a emu yɛ duru a epira nkutoo na wobetumi ayi afi hɔ a wonyi nneɛma a ɛho hia mfi nsu no mu. |
Ano aduru ahorow bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa kɛse
Chlorine afiri a ennyaw mfomso biara
Chlorine yɛ aduru a ano yɛ den a ekum mmoawa a ɛwɔ nsu mu. Nanso ebetumi ayɛ anifere sɛ wode bedi dwuma yiye. Sɛ wode chlorine aduru ka ho a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wubetumi akowie sɛ wubenya pii dodo anaasɛ kakraa bi. Sɛ́ ano aduru no, nhwehwɛmufo a wɔwɔ Tufts Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia So ayɛ afiri bi a ɛnyɛ den a ɛnyɛ adwuma a anyinam ahoɔden nka ho .
Ɛwɔ afã abien. Adaka ketewa bi a wɔde abata nsu afiri no awiei, ne tank a chlorine nsu ahyɛ mu ma. Sɛ nsu sen fa paipu no mu ntɛmntɛm a, nhyɛso mu nsonsonoe ba adaka ketewa yi mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ Venturi nkɛntɛnso . Esiane nhyɛso mu nsonsonoe yi nti, wɔtwe chlorine dodow a ɛfata fi chlorine ahina no mu ara kwa na wɔde fra nsu no mu. Saa kwan yi so no, nsu no ho tew bere nyinaa, a onipa mfomso biara nni ho.
Ɔkwan a wɔfa so yi kɔbere denam nsu a ‘ɛma ɛyɛ ahodwiriw’ so
Esiane akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den a kɔbere de ba Amerika kurow Flint nsu mu nti, nyansahufo kuw bi a wɔwɔ Massachusetts Mfiridwuma Asoɛe (MIT) yɛɛ ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so yi dade a emu yɛ duru fi nsu mu.
Wɔde ɔkwan bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘shock electrodialysis’ dii dwuma . Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde anyinam ahoɔden bɛtetew efĩ a ɛwɔ nsu mu no mu. Kɔbere yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wobeyi afi nsu mu efisɛ ebetumi abata nnwinnade afasu ho wɔ akwan foforo so. Nanso saa kwan yi tumi yi kɔbere no 95% a ɛrenyi nneɛma a ɛho hia te sɛ sodium mfi nsu no mu. Eyi tew nsu no ho na ɛma wonya minerals a nipadua no hia.
Saa mfiridwuma yi nyinaa kyerɛ tumi a nyansahu ne nneɛma foforo a wɔyɛ de di nsɛnnennen akɛse a adesamma hyia no biako, nsu ho haw no ho dwuma. Eyinom bɛboa kɛse ma wɔagye nkurɔfo afi nyarewa a nsu fĩ de ba no mu na wɔakyekye daakye a ɛyɛ papa. Enti, ɛyɛ yɛn asɛde sɛ yɛte sɛnea nsu bo yɛ den no ase na yɛde di dwuma kakraa bi.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Wiase no mufo fã kɛse bi hyia ɔhaw a emu yɛ den a wonnya nsu pa a wɔbɛnom. Eyi yɛ wiase nyinaa akwahosan ho ahokyere a emu yɛ den.
- Mprempren nyansahufo ahu mfiridwuma mu nneɛma foforo a ɛyɛ nwonwa, te sɛ mframa a wɔde yɛ nsu, awuduru a wotumi hu wɔ nsu mu ntɛm, ne nsu a wɔde tew ho a anyinam ahoɔden nka ho.
- Eyi ho nhwɛso ahorow bi ne mfiridwuma te sɛ metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), biosensors, ne shock electrodialysis.
- Nneɛma foforo a wɔahu yi ma yenya anidaso kɛse sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ wiase nyinaa akwahosan ho ban na wɔasiw nyarewa a ɛnam nsu fĩ mu trɛw ano.
- Sɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara esiane nsu a efĩ wom a wonom nti a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ afotu.
Nsuo a wɔtew ho, nsuo pa, nsuo ho mfiridwuma, ɔpɛ, nsuo a ɛho yɛ na, nyansahu mu nneɛma a wɔahu, MOF
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