Yɛn nipadua te sɛ aduruyɛdan ketewaa bi. Nneɛma pii wɔ mogya no mu, te sɛ oxygen , protein, hormone , ne minerals . Mpɛn pii no, nipadua no kari pɛ wɔ eyinom nyinaa mu wɔ dodow a ɛfata mu. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa kari pɛ yi betumi ayera. Nneɛma bi betumi ayɛ pii dodo, na nneɛma bi nso betumi ayɛ kakraa bi dodo. Nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a wɔyɛ de hwɛ sɛ ebia nnuru a ɛnkari pɛ saa wɔ wo mogya mu a wɔfrɛ no Serum Osmolality Test ni.
Dɛn ne Serum Osmolality?
Okay, momma yɛnte asɛmfua yi ase kɛkɛ. "Serum" kyerɛ nsu fã a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛka bere a wɔayi mogya nkwammoaa no afi yɛn mogya mu akyi. Bere biara a wobɛyɛ serum nhwehwɛmu no, nea woyɛ ara ne sɛ wubegye mogya kakra afi wo hɔ.
Asɛmfua "osmolality" kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛsusuw sɛnea nnuru ne nneɛma a ɛwɔ nsu mu (te sɛ sodium ) a wɔapete wɔ nsu fã a wɔfrɛ no serum mu no yɛ kɛse, anaasɛ 'ɛyɛ den'.
- Osmolality a ɛkorɔn kyerɛ sɛ nneɛma a apete pii wɔ nsu no mu.
- Osmolality a ɛba fam kyerɛ sɛ saa nneɛma no ayɛ diluted, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛyɛ nsu.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɔhwɛ yi hwɛ sɛ nsu dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu ne nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu a ɛkari pɛ no teɛ anaa.
Tebea bɛn mu na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?
Nneɛma pii nti na oduruyɛfo betumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.
- Nsu a ɛho ayɛ fĩ : Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsu a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no sua, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsu atɔ wo mu , ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi.
- Sodium dodow ho haw ahorow: Sɛ sodium dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no sua wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so ( Hyponatremia ) , na ɛma nsu kɔ nipadua no mu a, sɔhwɛ yi ho hia.
- Hormone ho haw: Hormone bi a ɛho hia wɔ hɔ a ɛhwɛ nsu dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu so. Wɔfrɛ no Antidiuretic Hormone , anaa ADH tiawa.Saa hormone yi na ɛhwɛ nsu dodow a yeyi fi yɛn nipadua mu bere a yɛtow nsu no so. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ ADH hormone no ho a, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi.
- Akisikuru: Fa no sɛ sɛ obi nyaa akisikuru mpofirim a. Eyi betumi aba bere a sodium dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no sua dodo no. Wɔ tebea a ɛte saa mu no, sɔhwɛ yi betumi aboa ma wɔahu nea ɛde ba.
Enti, sɛ wotaa tow nsu, sɛ woretow nsu dodow asesa, anaasɛ worenya tebea bi te sɛ akisikuru a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ Serum Osmolality Test yi.
So ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no?
Ɛho nhia sɛ wusiesie wo ho titiriw, nanso nneɛma abien wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woka ho asɛm ampa bere a wo ne oduruyɛfo no rekasa no.
- Ka nnuru a wode di dwuma nyinaa ho asɛm kyerɛ yɛn, ne nnuru biara a wode ka aduan ho a wobɛnom nso.
- Afei nso ka kyerɛ me sɛ woanom nsu pii nnansa yi a.
Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛbɔ oduruyɛfo no amanneɛ wɔ saa nneɛma yi ho, efisɛ ebetumi aka nea efi nhwehwɛmu no mu ba no.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ayɛ sɔhwɛ no?
Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den koraa. Oduruyɛfo anaa ɔyarehwɛfo bɛfa mogya ketewaa bi afi ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu no mu. Ɛyaw biara nni hɔ gye sɛ obi te nka kakra bere a wɔde ade no hyɛ mu no. Ɛba awiei wɔ simma kakraa bi mu. Afei wɔde band-aid ketewaa bi si baabi a wɔtwee mogya no so.
Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ ebia akuru anaa ɔyare mmoawa kakra bɛba baabi a wɔtwe mogya no. Ebia nnipa binom bɛte nka sɛ wɔn adwene atu afra kakra bere a wɔde mogya ma no, nanso eyi bɛbrɛ ase bere tiaa bi akyi. Enti biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw yɛn ho.
Mete nea afi amanneɛbɔ no mu aba no ase dɛn?
Mpɛn pii no wubetumi anya wo sɔhwɛ amanneɛbɔ wɔ dɔnhwerew biako anaa nnɔnhwerew 24 ntam. Wɔde miliosmoles a ɛwɔ kilogram biara mu (mOsm/kg) na ɛsusuw gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ no so no mu . Nanso nea ɛho hia wo ne akontaahyɛde ahorow no.
| Mfe a wɔadi | Normal Range wɔ mOsm/kg mu |
|---|---|
| Mpanyimfo | Wɔ 285 ne 295 ntam |
| Mmɔfra | Wɔ 275 ne 290 ntam |
Nea ɛho hia sen biara: Mma w’ankasa nsi gyinae wɔ saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi ho. Wo duruyɛfo nkutoo na obetumi ama wo nkyerɛkyerɛmu a eye sen biara.
Momma yɛnhwɛ pon a ɛwɔ aseɛ ha no na yɛnhwɛ deɛ saa gyinapɛn yi bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ ɛkɔ soro anaa ɛkɔ fam a.
| Tebea a Ebetumi Aba | Nkyerɛase a Ɛyɛ Mmerewa |
|---|---|
| Sɛ nea efi mu ba no korɔn sen sɛnea wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a (High Result) . | |
| Hypernatremia a ɛma mogya tu | Sodium (nkyene) dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu. |
| Asikreyare a Ɛnyɛ Den | Nsu a asaabo no yɛ dodo. |
| Nsu a ɛho ntew | Nsu dodow a ɛso tew wɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu (nsu a ɛho ntew). |
| Uremia a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu | Nneɛma fĩ te sɛ urea a ɛboaboa ano dodo wɔ mogya mu (asaabo no dwumadi asɛe ho sɛnkyerɛnne). |
| Asikreyare a ɛkɔ soro | Asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu. |
| Asikreyare a ɛma obi nya Ketoacidosis | Tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛfa asikreyare ho. |
| Awuduru a Wɔde Di Dwuma | Nsã anaa awuduru afoforo te sɛ ethanol a wɔnom. Sɛ ɛba saa a, ɛsɛ sɛ obi kɔ ayaresabea bi ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) ntɛm ara. Ɛho hia nso sɛ wɔbɔ Ɔman Awuduru Ho Amanneɛbɔbea a ɛwɔ Colombo Ɔman Ayaresabea no amanneɛ. |
| Sɛ nea efi mu ba no sua sen sɛnea wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a (Low Result) . | |
| Hyponatremia a ɛba fam | Sodium dodow a ɛso tew wɔ nipadua no mu. |
| Nsu a wɔde ma boro so | Nsu a ɛtra nipadua no mu dodo. |
So woyɛ sɔhwɛ foforo biara ka eyi ho?
Aane. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na woahu nea ɛde wo yare no ba ankasa no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo bi.
- Urine Osmolality Test: Eyi kyerɛ nnuru a apete dodow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu. Sɛ wode nea efi mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu no nyinaa mu ba bom a, ɛnyɛ den mma wo duruyɛfo sɛ obehu nea ɛde nnuru a ɛnkari pɛ no ba.
- ADH Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu: Eyi hwɛ sɛnea ADH hormone dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te tẽẽ.
Sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi nyinaa wie a, oduruyɛfo no bɛhu wo tebea no pɛpɛɛpɛ na wama wo ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma wo nipadua mu nnuru, anyinam ahoɔden, mineral, ne nea ɛkeka ho asan ayɛ pɛ.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Serum Osmolality Test yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den a ɛhwɛ sɛnea nnuru ne nsu a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no kari pɛ.
- Wɔkamfo sɔhwɛ yi kyerɛ wɔ nsɛm a nsu a ɛho ayɛ fĩ, sodium dodow a ɛba fam (hyponatremia), akisikuru, anaa ADH hormone no ho haw ahorow ho.
- Nea efi sɔhwɛ mu ba a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ ɛba fam sen sɛnea ɛte daa no betumi akyerɛ sɛ ɔwɔ ayaresa tebea horow, a asikreyare, asaabo mu haw, ne hormone a ɛnkari pɛ ka ho.
- Mma ɛnhaw wo wɔ gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ amanneɛbɔ no mu no ho. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm kɛkɛ na woanya nkyerɛkyerɛmu ne anammɔn a edi hɔ.
- Saa sɔhwɛ yi nkutoo mma wontumi nhu yare no. Sɛ ɛho hia a, oduruyɛfo no bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo na wafi ase sa yare bere a wahu nea ɛde ba no.
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