So wote nka nso sɛ woyare bere a woadi shrimp, crab, anaa shellfish awie no? Momma yensua saa (Shellfish Allergy) yi ho ade?

Sɛ wususuw ɛpo mu nnuan ho a, w’ano fi ase yɛ nsu, ɛnte saa? Titiriw nneɛma te sɛ shrimp, crab , mussels, ne oysters yɛ dɛ yiye. Nanso, wunim, nnipa binom mfa wɔn nsa nka saa nnuan a ɛyɛ dɛ yi mpo. Adidi kakra mpo betumi de ɔhaw ne nsɛnnennen ahorow nyinaa aba. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea a ɛte saa no biako ho asɛm, ɛne sɛ, `(Shellfish Allergy)`. Eyi betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm kɛse ama nnipa binom, enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohu eyi.

Dɛn ne ``Shellfish Allergy''? Momma yɛnte ase tiawa.

Nea edi kan koraa no, ``Shellfish Allergy'' ne nea yɛtaa frɛ no ``Seafood Allergy'' nyɛ ade koro pɛpɛɛpɛ. Afei, sɛ yɛka sɛ ``Seafood'' a, ɛka mpataa (sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, clams, mussels) ne ɛpo mu abɔdeɛ a wɔwɔ akoradeɛ, kyerɛ sɛ ``Shellfish'' (sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, shrimp, crabs).

Ɛwom sɛ abien no nyinaa hyɛ "po mu nnuan" kuw no mu de, nanso wɔ abɔde a nkwa wom mu no, mpataa ne akutu yɛ akuw abien a ɛsono emu biara koraa. Enti, sɛ obi wɔ "Shellfish Allergy" nkutoo a, mpɛn pii no ɔrennya allergy wɔ mpataa ho. Nanso, ɔhaw no ne sɛ saa onipa no nso wɔ mpataa hoakisikuru soronko bi a.

Afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɛ wobetumi akyekyɛ saa ``Shellfish'' yi mu ayɛ no akuo mmienu bio anaa.

1. Wɔfrɛ ɔkwan a edi kan no `(Crustaceans)`. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔyɛ mmoa a wɔwɔ akorade, wɔn nan pii, na wɔte sɛ nkoekoemmoa kakra. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Shrimp/prawns a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu
• Krak a wɔfrɛ no krak
• Akɔre a wɔfrɛ no Lobsters

2. Wɔfrɛ nea ɛto so abien no ``Mollusks''. Mpɛn pii no, mmoa yi honam ani yɛ mmerɛw na wɔtaa nya abon biako anaa abien de bɔ wɔn ho ban. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Nkraman a wɔfrɛ wɔn Clams
• Nsu a wɔfrɛ no mussels
• Oysters , akraman a wɔfrɛ wɔn scallops
• Sukwiide
• Ɔkraman a wɔfrɛ no Octopus

Nnipa binom betumi anya allergy wɔ `(Shellfish)` ahorow abien no nyinaa ho. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛhyia ɔhaw wɔ shrimp ne shellfish nyinaa a wobedi ho. Nanso, nnipa binom betumi ayɛ akisikuru wɔ ɔkwan biako pɛ ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama wɔn sɛ wobedi shrimp nanso wonhyia ɔhaw biara wɔ akutu a wodi ho.

Mpɛn pii no, ``Shellfish Allergy'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne da adi bere a obi di saa aduan yi. Nanso, so wunim, ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a, sɛ wode wo nsa ka mmoa yi anaasɛ wusiw a efi aduannoa mu ba a wobɛhome a, ebetumi ama obi anya akisikuru yi . Enti ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye paa.

Kae sɛ saa `(Shellfish Allergy)` yi betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu. Obi a n’ani agye sɛ obedi shrimp ne krak bere tenten a ɔhaw biara nni ho mpo betumi anya saa akisikuru yi mpofirim. Aduan ho akisikuru binom kɔ bere kɔ so, nanso nnipa a wɔwɔ saa `(Shellfish Allergy)` yi taa, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔne no tra wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa. Ɛyɛ awerɛhow kakra, nanso sɛ wɔhwɛ so yiye a, ɔhaw biara nni ho.

Dɛn ne ``Shellfish Allergy'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Sɛ obi wɔ `(Shellfish Allergy)` a, nea ɛba ne sɛ yɛn nipadua mu nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛtaa ko tia nyarewa no yɛ ade boro so wɔ protein ahorow bi a ɛwɔ `(Shellfish) mu no ho. Fa no sɛ, sɛ yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no hu protein ahorow yi a, esusuw sɛ, "Ɔtamfo bi aba!" Afei wɔyi nnuru pii te sɛ `( Histamine )`. Ɛyɛ saa nnuru no a wɔayi afi mu nti na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi.

Ma yɛnhwɛ nea saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no yɛ:

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den: Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den, ɔhome a ɛyɛ den, ɔhome ntɛmntɛm.
• Ɔfe ne menewa mu nsakrae: Ɔfe a ɛkɔ so, ɔte nka sɛ ne menewa mu yɛ den, na ne nne yɛ den.
• Yafunu mu yaw: Yafunu mu yaw, akisikuru, ɔfe, ne akisikuru betumi aba.
• Nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ aniwa so: Aniwa a ɛyɛ yaw, nusu, aniwa a ɛho ahonhon.
• Honam ani sɛnkyerɛnne: akisikuru a ɛwɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu, nsensanee kɔkɔɔ, ɔfe (titiriw anofafa, tɛkrɛma, ne anim).
• Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam: Eyi yɛ nea asiane wom kakra. Sɛ wo mogya so tew mpofirim a, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo anaasɛ wobɛtotɔ piti mpo.

Nnipa a wɔyɛ wɔn ade wɔ saa ``Shellfish Allergy'' yi ho no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biako mu, mpo wɔ onipa koro no ara mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi ayɛ mmerɛw yiye, na akisikuru nkutoo na ɛwɔ honam ani. Nanso mmere foforo nso, ebetumi ayɛ adeyɛ a emu yɛ den a ɛka nipadua no afã horow pii.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara: `(Shellfish Allergy)` betumi de akisikuru a emu yɛ den yiye, a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu mpo a wɔfrɛ no `(Anaphylaxis) aba. Sɛ mpo wo nyaa adeyɛ a ɛnyɛ den bere a edi kan no a, ɛnyɛ nea entumi nyɛ yiye sɛ `(Anaphylaxis)` bɛba bere foforo.

Saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ``Anaphylaxis'' no betumi afi ase wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa mu sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Nanso bere bi akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobɛhome araa ma w’adwene betumi afi wo so. Eyi betumi aka nipadua no fã bɛboro biako. Sɛ wɔansa no bere ano a, ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu ankasa. Enti ɛnyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛfa eyi adewa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wosa allergy te sɛ eyi?

Sɛ wowɔ akutu ho akisikuru (anaasɛ aduan ho akisikuru foforo biara a emu yɛ den) a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw epinephrine abien ama wo na ama woakɔ so atra hɔ bere nyinaa. Eyi yɛ aduru a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.

Epinephrine yɛ aduru a wɔkyerɛw ma obi. Ɛba wɔ afiri ketewa bi a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛsoa (``auto-injector''). Ɛte sɛ kyerɛwdua. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea wode bedi dwuma mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie wo nkyɛn bere nyinaa. Ɛrenyɛ adwuma wɔ locker anaa ɔyarehwɛfo dan mu wɔ sukuu mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode kɔ baabiara a wobɛkɔ.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, akisikuru ho abenfo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nnuru a ekum akisikuru nso ntra wo nsam, efisɛ ebetumi aboa ma wɔadi akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete so. Nanso kae sɛ, wɔ akisikuru a emu yɛ den ho a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nnuru a ekum histamine di dwuma bere a wɔde epinephrine ahyɛ obi mu akyi nkutoo, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔde besi epinephrine ananmu.

Wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛtumi ama wo ``Allergy Action Plan''. Eyi bɛma woahu sɛnea wubesiesie wo ho ama obi a ne ho yɛ no yaw, ahu, na woasa. Fa nhyehyeɛ yi kyerɛ obiara a ɛhia sɛ ɔhunu, te sɛ w’abusua, sukuu mpaninfoɔ, ne akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ. Ɛyɛ adwene pa nso sɛ wobɛhyɛ ``medical alert bracelet'' a ɛkyerɛw wo allergies.

Sekan biara bu bere a obi ho yɛ no hyew no. Sɛ wufi ase nya akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den, te sɛ w’ano anaa wo menewa a ɛho ahonhon, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome a, fa epinephrine aduru di dwuma ntɛm ara. Afei nso, sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba wo nipadua no afã horow abien bere koro mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, akisikuru ne ɔfe) a, fa epinephrine aduru di dwuma ntɛm ara.

Afei frɛ 1990 (Sri Lanka Ambulance Service) ntɛm ara , anaa fa obi ka wo ho kɔ ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. Ɛsɛ sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛfo a wɔhwɛ wo so. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ ɛte sɛ nea nea enye koraa no aba awiei mpo a, sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den a ɛto so abien betumi aba (`biphasic reaction`).

Dɛn bio na ɛsɛ sɛ yehu fa eyi ho?

Sɛ wowɔ `(Shellfish Allergy)` a, ɛnsɛ sɛ wudi ɛpo mu nnuan a ɛte sɛɛ esiane biribiara nti. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati sɛ wubedi nnuan foforo biara a ebia ɛwɔ mu nso. Wɔn a wɔte `(Shellfish)` aduannoa hua ase no, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wɔbɛtwe wɔn ho afi adidibea ne mmeae a ɛte saa ara a wɔnoa aduan no ho sɛnea wobetumi.

Aduan ho nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw so akenkan ho hia yiye!

Kenkan nnuan a wɔakyerɛw so yiye bere nyinaa na hwɛ sɛ `(Shellfish)` wɔ aduan no mu anaa. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ nnuan a wɔtɔn wɔ aman te sɛ United States mu no ka pefee wɔ krataa no so sɛ ebia wɔn nneɛma no kura `(Crustacean shellfish)` (kyerɛ sɛ, saa shrimp, krak, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Label no bɛkyerɛw "shellfish" wɔ ingredients list no mu, anaasɛ ɛbɛkyerɛw "Contains shellfish" wɔ list no akyi.

Nanso, wɔ yɛn man yi mu no, ebia tebea yi bɛyɛ soronko kakra. Ɛwom sɛ nneɛma bi a wɔde fi amannɔne ba no wɔ nkyerɛwde pa de, nanso ebia ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛhɔnom nneɛma na ɛwɔ nsɛm a emu da hɔ saa. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ obi hwɛ yiye paa.

Ebia nnuan bi bɛyɛ fɛ wɔ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ no mu, nanso sɛ wɔyɛ a, ebetumi ne `(Shellfish)` adi nkitaho. Wɔfrɛ eyi `(Cross-contamination)` . Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, hwehwɛ afotuo nsɛmfua wɔ nkyerɛwdeɛ no so te sɛ ``Ebia atɛkyɛ wɔ mu,'' ``Wɔayɛ ho adwuma wɔ beaeɛ a ɛsan nso yɛ akutuo ho adwuma,'' anaa ``Wɔayɛ no wɔ nnwinnadeɛ a wɔde di dwuma nso ma akutu.'' Ɛnyɛ nnwumakuo nyinaa na wɔkyerɛw eyi sɛ `(Cross-contamination)`. Enti sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛfrɛ adwumakuw no anaa wobɛfa email so na woahu no yiye.

Afei nso, mmara nhwehwɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ no kyerɛw nneɛma a `(Mollusk shellfish)` (i.e., clams, mussels, ne oysters) wom no din efisɛ wommu no sɛ ɛyɛ aduan a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw titiriw (wɔ U.S. mmara ase). Sɛ nkyerɛwde ka sɛ `(Shellfish)` a, ɛtaa kyerɛ `(Crustacean shellfish)`. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wobisa adwumakuw no sɛ asiane bi wɔ hɔ sɛ `(Cross-contamination)` ne `(Mollusks)`.

Hwɛ yiye paa bere a woredidi wɔ abɔnten ne adidibea ahorow no!

Cross-contamination yɛ ade a ɛtaa ba wɔ adidibea ahorow, titiriw nea wɔde po mu nnuan ma no. Wɔ adididan mu no, adwumayɛfo taa de nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, nkuku (te sɛ nnade, nnua a wɔde twitwa nneɛma, ne kyɛnsee), anaa ngo koro no ara na ɛyɛ akutu ne nnuan afoforo, a ebetumi ama akutu asinasin akɔ nnuan afoforo mu.

Fa no sɛ wokɔ adidibea bi kɔkra aburow a wɔayam. Nanso sɛ wɔhyew no wɔ ngo koro no ara mu a, wobetumi ayɛ no, ɛnte saa? Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no ``cross-contamination.'' Eyi abu so titiriw wɔ po mu nnuan adidibea ahorow, enti nnipa binom susuw sɛ ɛyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho sɛ wɔbɛkwati mmeae a ɛtete saa koraa. Sɛ woredidi wɔ adidibea ahorow a, ebetumi ayɛ papa sɛ wobɛkwati nnuan a wɔayam. Eyi te saa efisɛ mmeae pii fĩ akokɔ, French fries, ne ``shellfish'' wɔ ngo koro no ara mu.

Sɛ woredidi wɔ abɔnten a, hwɛ hu sɛ wode epinephrine nnuru abien a enni awiei bɛka wo ho. Afei nso, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka wo nnuan a wosiesie anaa nea ɔde ma wo no ho asɛm akyerɛ wo akutu ho akisikuru no. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode aduane a asiane biara nni ho fi fie a wunim sɛ ɛyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho ma wo bɛba. Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea aduannoafo, adwuma sohwɛfo, anaa owura no ani nnye wo abisade a ɛfa aduan a ahobammɔ wom ho a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkwati sɛ wubedidi wɔ saa adidibea no.

Wɔ sukuu ne adwumam

Wo ne adwumayɛfo no nka asiane a ɛwɔ cross-contamination a ɛwɔ sukuu cafeteria nnuan mu ho asɛm. Mpɛn pii no, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ w’ankasa wobɛhyehyɛ awia aduan. Saa kwan no so no, wubetumi adi nea ɛwɔ mu no so.

Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wosua pii fa sɛdeɛ wobɛdi saa aduane ho akisikuru yi ho dwuma a, nsɛm wɔ amanaman ntam ahyehyɛdeɛ te sɛ ``Food Allergy Research and Education Network (FARE)`` wɛbsaet so. Afei nso, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo anaa oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru so ma wanya nsɛm pii.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwenem (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti, yebetumi akae wo nneɛma a yɛaka ho asɛm a wususuw sɛ ɛho hia no bi?

• ``Shellfish Allergy'' yɛ tebea a ebetumi ayɛ hu, enti mfa nyɛ hwee.
• Sɛ wowɔ saa akisikuru yi a, kwati sɛ wubedi akutu biara te sɛ shrimp, crab, mussels, anaa clams. Hwɛ yiye paa wɔ nnuan afoforo a ebia ɛwɔ mu no ho.
• Bere nyinaa fa `(Epinephrine)` aduru abien ka wo ho. Hu sɛnea wode bedi dwuma pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Sɛ wunya akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den (te sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, wo menewa/ano a ɛho ahonhon, w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa) , fa epinephrine di dwuma ntɛm ara na kɔ ayaresabea.
• Kenkan nnuan a wɔakyerɛw so no yiye. Hwɛ yiye wɔ cross-contamination ho, titiriw bere a woredidi wɔ abɔnten no.
• Ka wo allergy ho asɛm kyerɛ w’abusua, wo nnamfo, ne sukuu/adwumayɛfo.
• Nha wo ho. Sɛ wɔhwɛ so yie a, wobɛtumi de saa `(Shellfish Allergy)` yi abɔ bra sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ. Ade titiriw ne nhumu ne ahwɛyiye.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ wubehu sɛ saa nsɛm yi bɛboa. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa.

Shellfish Allergy, Anaphylaxis, Epinephrine, Nneɛma a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu