Momma yensua sɛnea aboɔ ba wɔ nsuo mu (Ureteral Stones) ho. So wo nso wote ɛyaw a emu yɛ den yi?

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo ho yɛ wo yaw a ɛyaw a ano yɛ den wɔ w’akyi, wo mpampam ase pɛɛ? So wote nka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woto wo ho na ɛyɛ wo yaw, ɛtɔ da bi a ɛsɛ sɛ woto wo ho kakra, na ɛyaw no trɛw kɔ wo yafunu mu? Sɛ saa a, ebia wowɔ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no " ureteral stones." Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri kakra nnɛ, te sɛ nea yɛne yɛn adamfo bi rekasa no.

Dɛn ne Ureteral Abo?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ureteral stone yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den a ne nsɛso nyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ a ɛkɔhyɛ wo ureters no biako mu, nsukorade abien a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛde nsu fi w’asaabo mu kɔ wo akisikuru mu (beae a wɔkora nsu so). Wɔte sɛ abotan nketenkete. So wunim sɛ yɛn asaabo no mu biara wɔ ureter biako?

Saa abo yi betumi ayɛ wɔ urethra no benkum anaa nifa so. Mpɛn pii no, ɔpanyin urethra no tenten yɛ nsateakwaa 10 kosi 12. Saa abo yi betumi akɔhyɛ nsukorabea no atifi fam, bɛn asaabo no, anaa ase fã a ɛbɛn akisikuru no.

Mpɛn pii no, saa abo a wɔde fa nsu mu yi sua koraa. Wɔn mu bi mpo ntumi nhu wɔn. Wɔde nsuo hohoro mu, enti ɛmma ɔhaw biara mma.

Nanso, sɛ asaabo mu ɔbo no sõ sɛnea ɛsɛ a, ebetumi asiw nsu a efi asaabo no mu kɔ akisikuru no mu no kwan. Ɛno na ɛyaw a emu yɛ den ba. Saa abo yi ba bere a aboɔden abo ne nkyene a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no boaboa ano no. Wodi kan yɛ sɛ ahwehwɛ nketewa, afei enyin bɛyɛ abo akɛse.

"Enti, so saa ureteral abo yi ne asaabo mu abo yɛ pɛ?" Yiw, ɔbo a ɛwɔ asaabo mu no yɛ ɔbo a ɛba asaabo mu na ɛpaapae na ɛkɔhyɛ asaabo no mu ankasa.

Abo titiriw bɛn na ɛwɔ nsu mu?

Abo a wɔde gu nsu mu no gu ahorow atitiriw anan:

• Calcium abo : Eyinom ne nea abu so sen biara. Eyinom gu ahorow abien: `(Calcium oxalate)` abo ne `(Calcium phosphate)` abo.
• Uric acid abo: Saa abo ahorow yi ba bere a uric acid dodow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no kɔ soro no.
• Struvite abo: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a , efi nsu mu yare ( UTIs).Saa abo yi betumi ayɛ bere a wɔde asaabo no ahyɛ wim tebea mu akyi. Nneɛma titiriw a ɛwɔ ɔbo yi mu ne magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) ne calcium carbon-apatite.
• Cystine aboɔ: Saa cystine aboɔ yi fi awosuo mu tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Cystinuria.`` Saa yareɛ yi ma amino acid cystine no boaboa ano wɔ nsuo mu ansa na afiri asaabo no mu.

Hena na asiane kɛse wom sɛ obenya abo wɔ nsu mu?

Obiara betumi anya asaabo mu abo, nanso nnipa a wodi so yi wɔ asiane mu kakra:

• Wɔ mmarima fam.
• Wɔ aborɔfo fam (eyi te sɛ nsɛm a efi amannɔne aman mu kyerɛ).
• Wɔ nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 60 fam.
• Wɔn a wɔadi kan anya abo a ɛba wɔn nsu mu no fam.
• Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ abusua no mu anya asaabo mu abo a.
• Wɔn a wɔnom nsu pii no fam.
• Wɔn a wɔwɔ asikreyare (Diabetes Mellitus) no fam.
• Wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ asaabo mu yare a ɛyɛ polycystic fam no.

Yebetumi ahu tebea yi wɔ yɛn mu wɔ Sri Lanka nso. Titiriw , nneɛma te sɛ nsu kakraa bi a wɔnom ne adwuma a wɔyɛ wɔ baabi a ɛma fifiri boro so no betumi anya nkɛntɛnso.

Abo a wɔde gu nsu mu yi abu so dɛn?

Sɛnea nsɛm a efi United States kyerɛ no, mpanyimfo bɛyɛ 1,000 biara mu biako na wɔde wɔn kɔ ayaresabea afe biara esiane abo a wɔtow wɔ nsu mu nti. Wɔsan ka sɛ hokwan wɔ 8 biara mu 1 sɛ obenya ɔbo wɔ ne nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Saa tebea yi nyɛ nea ɛho nhia wɔ Sri Lanka nso.

Dɛn ne abo a ɛba nsu mu yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Sɛ wowɔ abo nketenkete paa wɔ wo nsu mu a, ebetumi afa wo nsu mu a enni sɛnkyerɛnne biara.

Nanso, sɛ abo no sõ araa ma esiw wo nsu a ɛkɔ wo nsu mu no ano a, wubetumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ:

• Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den: Eyi yɛ ɛyaw a ɛba bere ne bere mu a ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa. Ɛtaa fi ase wɔ akyi, mpampam ase. Ebetumi ayɛ te sɛ nea sekan rebɔ no.
• Ɛyaw a ɛtrɛw: Ɛyaw yi betumi atrɛw akɔ yafunu no ase, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛkɔ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu.
• Ɛyaw anaa ɔhyew bere a woretow nsu no.
• Sɛ obi te nka sɛ ne ho ayɛ no yaw.
• Ɔfe a wɔfe.
• Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu anaa kɔla a ɛsakra: Nsu betumi ayɛ bruu, pink, anaa kɔkɔɔ.
• Mununkum a ɛyɛ pee.
• Ɛho hia sɛ wɔtaa tow nsu.
• Nsu kakraa bi a ɛtwetwe.

Fa no sɛ, anadwo bi, Nilanthi tee yaw kɛse mpofirim wɔ n’akyi. Ná ontumi nsusuw nea asi no ho mpo. Ná ɛyaw no mu yɛ den araa ma na ontumi nnyina hɔ tẽẽ mpo. Bere a ɔkɔɔ ayaresabea hɔ ansa na ɔtee sɛ ɔbo bi akɔhyɛ ne urethra mu.

Dɛn nti na abo a ɛba nsu mu yi ba?

Ade titiriw nti a asaabo mu abo ba ne nneɛma a ɛma abo no dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ wo nsu mu. Mpɛn pii no, saa nneɛma yi fa nsu a wɔde fa nsu mu no mu a ɔhaw biara nni ho. Nanso eyi nsi efisɛ wo nipadua no ntumi nsɛe nsu a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛma nneɛma yi apete anaasɛ ɛbɛhohoro. Mpɛn pii no, eyi fi nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ sɛ wunnom nsu a ɛdɔɔso. Afei saa nneɛma yi boaboa ano nkakrankakra na efi ase yɛ abo.

Nneɛma titiriw a wɔde yɛɛ ɔbo yi ne:

• Calcium a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
• Oxalate a wɔde yɛ nneɛma
• Uric acid a wɔde yɛ aduru
• Phosphate a wɔde yɛ aduan
• Cystine a wɔfrɛ no Cystine
• Xanthine na ɔkyerɛwee

Ɔbo betumi atra urethra no mu bere tenten ahe?

Eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsono obiara. Esiane sɛ ɛsono wo nipadua wɔ obi foforo de ho nti, bere a egye ansa na woatwa ɔbo bi ho no betumi ayɛ soronko. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia worentumi ntwa ɔbo no ho koraa.

Wɔ nnipa dodow no ara fam no, ɔbo a esua sen milimita 4 betumi atwam wɔ dapɛn biako anaa abien ntam.

Sɛ ɔbo bi a ɛwɔ urethra mu du akisikuru no mu pɛ a, ɛtaa twam wɔ nna kakraa bi mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu eyi?

Oduruyɛfo bi bedi kan abisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Afei wobetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom de kyerɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ asaabo mu abo anaa:

• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi hwɛ nsu no mu sɛ ebia ɔyare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi ne nneɛma dodow a ebetumi ama abo ayɛ no.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi hwɛ sɛnea asaabo no reyɛ adwuma yiye, sɛ ebia ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ anaa, ne sɛ ebia ɔhaw afoforo wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ama abo ayɛ no anaa.
• Ultrasound scan: Ɛde nnyigyei asorɔkye di dwuma de hwɛ sɛ ebia nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no asiw anaa.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography - CT scan): Eyi boa wo duruyɛfo ma ohu sɛnea wo nsu mu ɔbo no kɛse, beae, ne sɛnea ɛyɛ den pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ayi abo a ɛwɔ nsu mu yi afi hɔ? (Ayaresa)

Ɔkwan a wɔfa so yi abo a wɔde gu nsu mu no gyina sɛnea abo no kɛse te, faako a ɛwɔ, ne nneɛma a wɔde yɛ so. Ɛdenam ɔbo no kɛse ne beae a ɛwɔ so no, wo duruyɛfo betumi ama woanya adwene pa wɔ sɛ ebia wubetumi atwam kɛkɛ anaasɛ wuntumi ntwam.

Sɛ w’asaabo mu abo akɛse anaasɛ wo nsu a ɛkɔ wo nsu mu no asiw a, ebia oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ asaabo mu bɛkamfo ayaresa te sɛ:

• Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL): Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde nnyigyei asorɔkye a ahoɔden wom kɛse bedi dwuma de abubu abo a ɛwɔ nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no mu. Afei ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔde asinasin nketenkete no bɛto nsu no mu. Eyi ne ayaresa a ɛnyɛ den koraa, nanso ɛmfata obiara.
• Ureteroscopy a wɔde hwɛ:Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde afiri tenten bi a ɛyɛ tratraa (ureteroscope) fa nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no mu. Ɛwɔ mfoninitwa afiri a wɔde abata n’awiei. Wɔde saa afiri yi fa akisikuru no mu na ɛkɔ nsukorabea no mu kɔhwehwɛ ɔbo no. Afei woyi anaasɛ wɔde laser bubu.
• Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wo duruyɛfo no twa w’akyi ketewaa bi na ɔde scope hyɛ w’asaabo mu tẽẽ de hwehwɛ ɔbo no na woyi fi hɔ. Sɛ ɔbo no sõ yiye anaasɛ ne nsɛso nyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ nkutoo a, wɔkamfo saa ayaresa yi kyerɛ.
• Ureteral stents: Eyinom yɛ nhama a ɛyɛ tratraa, ɛyɛ mmerɛw, na ɛyɛ bere tiaa mu de a ɛboa ma urethra no bue, na ɛma nsu no tumi twa ɔbo a ɛresiw kwan no ho hyia.
• Medical Expulsive Therapy (MET): Eyi tu mpɔn kɛse ma abo nketenkete a ɛwɔ nsu a ɛkɔ fam no mu. Ɛde nnuru te sɛ alpha-blockers, calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, ne phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5) na edi dwuma.

Nnuru titiriw a wɔde yɛ abo ahorow bi

Wobetumi de nnuru ahorow yi ama nnipa a wonya abo ahorow bi wɔ nsu mu, titiriw:

• Wɔ calcium abo ho no:
• Potassium citrate: Eyi ma nsu no yɛ alkaline kɛse na ɛtew acid a ɛwɔ mu no so.
• Nnuru a ɛma nsu fi nipadua no mu: Eyinom boa ma woyi nsu ne calcium a ɛboro so fi nipadua no mu denam nsu a wɔde fa nsu mu so.
• Wɔ struvite abo ho no:
• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa.
• Acetohydroxamic acid: Eyi boa ma ammonia a ɛbɛboaboa ano wɔ nsu mu no ano.
• Wɔ cystine abo ho no:
• Tiopronin (mercaptopropionyl glycine): Eyi boa ma wosiw asaabo mu abo ano wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ cystinuria mu.
• `Potassium a wɔde yɛ aduru`.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na mehwɛ me ho/di sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma?

Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛnom nsu pii te sɛ nsu. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, nsu lita 2 kosi 3 a wobɛnom da biara no betumi aboa ma abo nketenkete a ɛwɔ nsu mu no atwam.

Wobetumi atɔ nnuru a ɛnyɛ steroid a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa (NSAIDs) wɔ nnurutɔnbea hɔ ama ɛyaw a emu nyɛ den anaasɛ ɛnyɛ dɛ. NSAID ahorow a wɔtaa de di dwuma ne aspirin, ibuprofen, ne naproxen. Ɛnyɛ obiara na obetumi anom saa NSAID ahorow yi, enti ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo anaa nnuruyɛfo ansa na wode adi dwuma.

Bere tenten ahe na egye na obi ho atɔ no wɔ ayaresa akyi?

Nnipa dodow no ara te nka sɛ wɔn ho tɔ wɔn wɔ nna kakraa bi akyi wɔ ayaresa no akyi. Nanso, ebia wubenya nsunsuanso bɔne bi kosi sɛ ɔbo a etwa to no betwam afi wo nipadua mu.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn asiw abo a ɛba nsu mu a ɛbɛba no ano?

Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so siw abo a ɛba nsu mu no ano:

• Nom nsu pii: Ɛyɛ papa sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wobɛnom nsu lita 2 kosi 3 da biara. Nsu ye sen biara, nanso nsu afoforo te sɛ lemonade ne akutu nsu nso ye.
• To mmoa mu protein ano hye: Mmoa mu protein te sɛ nam, nkesua, ne mpataa ma uric acid dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no yɛ kɛse. Lentils, bankye, green peas, seitan, ne tofu yɛ protein fibea pa a ɛmma uric acid dodow nkɔ soro.
• Tew sodium so wɔ w’aduan mu: Sɛ wudi nkyene a ennu miligram 1,500 da biara a, ebetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya asaabo mu abo no so. Wubetumi de nneɛma a wɔde si nkyene ananmu, nnuhuam, lemon nsu, ne vinegar a wɔde ahyɛ mu ma asi nkyene ananmu.
• To nnuan a oxalate pii wom ano hye: Oxalate yɛ aduannuru a ɛwɔ nnuan te sɛ akutu, almond, cashew, ne ɛmo mu. Nanso, nnuan ne anonne a calcium wom betumi aboa ma wɔasiw oxalate abo ano.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ tow wo ho gu afiri titiriw bi a wɔde yiyi nsu mu anaasɛ fa yiyi mu kosi sɛ wo bo no bɛtwam. Afei woyi ɔbo no na wɔhwehwɛ nnuru a ɛwom no mu. Wo duruyɛfo no betumi agyina saa nsɛm no so ayɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe bi a ɛbɛma abo ansan ansi bio.

Sɛ mewɔ asaabo mu abo a, dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan?

Sɛ wohu no yiye a, nkɔmhyɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ ma nnipa a wɔwɔ asaabo mu abo no ye. Nanso, hokwan wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya asaabo mu abo bio.

Nnipa pii fa asaabo mu abo nketenkete a wɔansa wɔn yare. Wɔ abo akɛse ho no, ayaresa betumi abubu ɔbo no na ama w’ankasa woatumi afa mu, anaasɛ oduruyɛfo betumi ayi afi hɔ. Nnuru nso betumi aboa ma wɔayi asaabo mu abo na asiw ano bio.

Sɛ woanya ɔbo bɛboro biako wɔ wo nsu mu a, wo duruyɛfo betumi aboa wo ma woahu nea ɛde ba. Sɛ woyɛ saa nhwehwɛmu no wie a, wubetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ w’asetra kwan mu na amma abo ansan ayɛ bio.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhu asaabo mu abo ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Sɛ wo yaw no yɛ nea wontumi nnyina ano a, obetumi akyerɛw nnuru ama ɛyaw ne akisikuru/akisikuru.

Sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu ɔbo a, oduruyɛfo betumi ahu baabi a ɛwɔ na wama wo ayaresa a ɛfata.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo?

• Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ mewɔ asaabo mu ɔbo?
• Sɛ minni asaabo mu ɔbo a, aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo bɛn na metumi anya?
• Asaabo mu ɔbo bɛn na mewɔ?
• Me nsu mu ɔbo no kɛse sɛn?
• Urethra bɛn na me bo no wɔ mu?
• Abo dodow ahe na mewɔ wɔ nsu mu?
• So metumi atwam saa asaabo mu ɔbo yi ara kwa, anaasɛ mihia ayaresa?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa a eye sen biara a mede beyi me nsu mu ɔbo no afi hɔ?
• Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi asiw abo a ɛba nsu mu no ano bio?
• Nsakrae bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ wɔ m’aduan mu?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ menom nnuru biara na amma asaabo mu abo ansan ayɛ bio?

Awiei koraa no, nkrasɛm a wɔde bɛkɔ fie:

Asaabo mu abo a wubenya no yɛ ade a ɛhyɛ abufuw na ɛyɛ yaw ankasa. Nanso, eyi yɛ bere tiaa mu tebea. Wo duruyɛfo betumi aboa wo ma wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ansɛe. Enti, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bere a wuhu asaabo mu abo ho sɛnkyerɛnne ara pɛ. Ɔbɛsan nso ama wo akwankyerɛ a ɛho hia a wode besiw asaabo mu abo a ɛbɛsan aba bio. Mma ɛnhaw wo, wobetumi adi tebea yi ho dwuma yiye denam ayaresa a ɛfata ne asetra mu nsakrae so!

` Nsuo mu aboɔ, asaabo mu aboɔ, nsuo kwan, ɛyaw, nsuo mu yareɛ, ayaresa, siw ano