ADHD ƒe Ŋutinya: Ðe Wòle Be Míanyae Tso Gɔmedzedzea Mea?

Míesea nya "ADHD" zi geɖe le ŋkeke siawo me, alo? Anɔ eme be èse nya sia kpɔ ne èle nu ƒom tso viwò, alo ƒometɔ alo xɔlɔ̃ aɖe ƒe vi ŋu. Ame aɖewo susuna be "ŋuɖoɖo ƒe ɣeyiɣi si gbɔ eme" koe wònye. Gake le nyateƒe me la, ADHD nye dɔléle si ƒe atikewɔwɔ ŋutinya de to wu ema sã. Eyata egbea, mina míaƒo nu tso alesi ɖɔktawo ke ɖe nɔnɔme sia si woyɔna be ADHD ŋu zi gbãtɔ, alesi wòtrɔ le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe, kple nusi míenya tso eŋu egbea ŋu.

Aleke wowɔ de dzesi nɔnɔme sia le gɔmedzedzea me?

Menye etsɔe ŋutinya sia dze egɔme o, ke boŋ ƒe 200 kple edzivɔe nye sia. Bu eŋu kpɔ, le ƒe 1798 , me la , Scotlandtɔ ɖɔkta aɖe, Aƒetɔ Alexander Crichton, de dzesi nu wɔnuku aɖe. Ede dzesii be esesẽna na ame aɖewo ŋutɔ be woƒe susu nanɔ nu ɖeka ŋu abe ame bubuwo ene, woƒe susu nɔa tsaglãla tsam ɣesiaɣi. Nu vevitɔ kekeakee nye be nɔnɔme sia nɔ wo ŋu tso woƒe ɖevime ke. Nusi míeyɔna egbea be ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) sɔ kple nɔnɔme ma ŋutɔ.

Emegbe le ƒe 1902 , me la, ɖɔkta bubu si ŋkɔe nye Aƒetɔ George Frederic Still ka nya ta tso ɖevi aɖewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe si ne menye nenema o la, wonɔ lãmesẽ me eye susu ƒe nuwɔametɔ aɖeke menɔ wo ŋu o la ŋu. Ðevi siawo wɔa nu kpata ŋutɔ, esesẽna na wo be woaɖu woƒe susu dzi ahaɖu wo ɖokui dzi. Eka nya ta tso ŋutsuvi 15 kple nyɔnuvi 5 ŋu. Míeganya egbea kokoko be ŋutsuviwo ate ŋu akpɔ ADHD le wu nyɔnuviwo. Eyata àte ŋu akpɔ alesi gbegbe ŋkuléleɖenuŋu siawo de pɛpɛpɛe le susu me, alo?

Alesi ŋkɔ "hyperkinetic" va dzɔe

Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, wova wɔ numekuku geɖe tso esia ŋu. Le ƒe 1932 me la, Germanytɔ ɖɔkta eve, Franz Kramer kple Hans Polnau, ƒo nu tso dɔléle aɖe si woyɔna be “Hyperkinetic Disease” ŋu. Kpuie ko la, esesẽna na ɖevi siwo ŋu dɔléle sia le be woanɔ anyi kpoo . Womewɔna ɖe sewo dzi o, si ate ŋu agblẽ sukuxɔ me dɔwɔnawo me. Dɔwɔwɔ ɖekae kple ɖevi bubuwo hã sesẽna na wo.

Nɔnɔme sia dze egɔme tso ɖevime, anɔ abe ƒe 3-4 ene, eye wòɖo eƒe kɔkɔƒe le ƒe 6. Gake nya nyuiae nye be kaka ɖeviawo naxɔ abe ƒe 7 ene la, dzimaɖitsitsi sia nu fa vie, eye le ame geɖe gome la, nɔnɔmea nyo ɖe edzi ne wole tsitsim.

Atike gbãtɔ si wozãna na ADHD kple Ritalin ƒe vava

Esia nye nudzɔdzɔ dodzidzɔname aɖe ŋutɔ. Le ƒe 1937 , me la, Amerikatɔ ɖɔkta aɖe si ŋkɔe nye Charles Bradley de dzesii be esi yetsɔ Benzedrine, si nye atike si doa ŋusẽ ame, na ɖevi aɖewo la, woƒe nuwɔna nyo ɖe edzi. Menye ema ɖeɖeko o, ke woƒe sukudɔwo hã nyo ɖe edzi.

Atike si woŋlɔna na ADHD wu egbeae nye methylphenidate. Woto esia vɛ zi gbãtɔ le ƒe 1954 me le ŋkɔ si nye Ritalin te . Wozãnɛ gbã tsɔ daa nuwo abe ɖeɖiteameŋu atraɖii ene, gake emegbe wova kpɔe be ewɔa dɔ ŋutɔ le ADHD ƒe dzesiwo dzi ɖuɖu me.

Tso ADD dzi va ɖo ADHD dzi: Alesi ŋkɔa trɔe

Dɔléle sia ƒe ŋkɔ trɔ le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe, vevietɔ le esi míaƒe sidzedze le eŋu va nyo ɖe edzi ta. Tɔtrɔ siawo dze nyuie le Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), si Amerika Tagbɔdɔlélawo ƒe Habɔbɔ ta me.

ADHD gɔmesese egbea

Egbea la, ɖɔktawo léa ŋku ɖe ADHD ŋu le mɔ si keke ta wu nu. Le DSM ƒe mɔfiamegbalẽ yeyetɔ si woɖe ɖe go le ƒe 2013 me nu la, ADHD ƒe "nuɖeɖe" vevi etɔ̃ li. "Nuɖeɖefia" nye mɔ si dzi dzesiawo tona dzena ko . Vevietɔ la, nuƒo siawo ate ŋu atrɔ le ame ƒe agbenɔɣi katã .

Nu vevi bubue nye be ɖɔktawo lɔ̃ ɖe edzi fifia be menye ɖevimenɔɣi koe ADHD dzɔna o, eye be dzesi siawo ate ŋu adze le ame tsitsi hã me .

Atikewɔwɔ yeyewo kple etsɔme

Atike siwo doa ŋusẽ ame gakpɔtɔ nye atike si wozãna wu na ADHD. Gake atike bubu geɖewo li fifia tsɔ kpe ɖe Ritalin ŋu. Woto atike siwo meʋãa ame o hã vɛ le ƒe 2002 megbe. Kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye atomoxetine kple guanfacine.

Ne míelé ŋku ɖe ADHD ƒe ŋutinya ŋu la, míekpɔnɛ be menye nusi dzɔ teti koe wònye o, ke boŋ enye nusi gɔme wose vivivi to ɖɔktawo kple dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo ƒe dɔ sesẽ wɔwɔ ƒe geɖe me. Eyata ele vevie ŋutɔ be woabu nɔnɔme sia ŋu le dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya nu.