Ðe ŋku ƒe vevesese nana ame megate ŋu kpɔa nu oa? Mina míaƒo nu tso Optic Neuritis ŋu! (Ŋku ƒe Dɔléle) .

Tsɔe be kasia wò ŋku ɖeka megakpɔa nu vie o, eye nèse veve hã ne èʋuʋu wò ŋku. Ðewohĩ mèkpɔ amadedewo nyuie abe tsã ene o, edze abe wovuvu vie ene. Enye nusi sɔ be vɔvɔ̃ naɖo ame vie ne nane si le abe esia ene dzɔ. Esiawoe nye dɔléle aɖe si woyɔna be Optic Neuritis si ŋu míele nu ƒom tsoe egbea ƒe dzesi veviwo. Togbɔ be womeƒoa nu tso esia ŋu zi geɖe o hã la, ele vevie ŋutɔ be mí katã míanyae elabena ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe míaƒe ŋkuwo dzi.

Kpuie ko la, nukae nye Optic Neuritis?

Optic Neuritis (ON) nye ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle. Etsoa ŋku ƒe lãmeka , si nye lãmeka si doa ka kple míaƒe ŋkuwo kple míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ la ƒe dɔdzẽ. Bu ŋku ƒe lãkusi be enye ‘ka’ si tsɔa gbedasiwo tso míaƒe ŋkuwo gbɔ yia míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me. 'Ka' siae ɖoa nyatakaka siwo míekpɔna ɖe míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃, gblɔna na mí be, "Oo, esia wɔ nuku ŋutɔ."

Ami aɖe le lãmeka siawo ŋu ƒo xlã wo. Ele abe ka si ŋu wotsɔ nusiwo xea mɔ na dzoxɔxɔ ƒoa xlãe ene. Míeyɔa esia be myelin ƒe akɔta. Ne Optic Neuritis dzɔ la, myelin ƒe akɔtaɖonu sia si kpɔa ame ta la gblẽna. Emegbe gbedasi siwo toa ka ma dzi la metoa eme nyuie o. Gbedasiawo tɔtɔna. Esia tae dɔléle sia nana ame ƒe ŋku megakpɔa nu nyuie o, wòsea veve, eye wòhea ŋku ƒe kuxi bubuwo vɛ ɖo .

Nukawoe nye Optic Neuritis ƒomevi veviwo?

Woate ŋu ama nɔnɔme sia ɖe hatsotso vevi etɔ̃ me. Wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe to vovo vie. Na míakpɔ nusiwo wonye ɖa.

Nukae nye nɔnɔme sia ƒe dzesiwo?

Optic Neuritis ƒe dzesiwo katã kloe do ƒome kple míaƒe ŋkuwo kple nukpɔkpɔ. Zi geɖe la, dzesi siawo tsoa lãmeka si le ŋkume ƒe akpa si le megbe (`retrobulbar`) ƒe gbegblẽ gbɔ. Mina míalé ŋku ɖe dzesi veviawo ŋu.

Nukae hea Optic Neuritis vɛ?

Míenya azɔ be ŋku ƒe lãkusi ƒe dɔdzẽ gbɔe Ŋku ƒe Dɔléle tsona. Eyata nu geɖe li siwo ate ŋu ahe dɔdzẽ sia vɛ .

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete kple dɔdzẽ ƒe nɔnɔmewo

Esiae nye nusi numekulawo susu be eya koŋ gbɔe wòtso. Dɔléle si tsoa dɔlélenutsiŋutete gbɔe nye ne míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe ametakpɔnu, si nye dɔlélenutsiŋutete , dze mía ŋutɔwo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi nyuiwo dzi vodadatɔe.

• Ŋku ƒe Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Dɔléle si Bɔ: Zi geɖe la, esia ƒomevi do ƒome kple nɔnɔme aɖe si woyɔna be Multiple Sclerosis (MS) . Le nyateƒe me la, wokpɔa MS le ame geɖe ŋu zi gbãtɔ ne woxɔ Ŋku ƒe Dɔléle. Wokpɔe be amesiwo ade 50% siwo xɔa Optic Neuritis la axɔ MS le ƒe 15 me.
• Atypical Optic Neuritis: Esia ƒomevi do ƒome kple dɔléle bubu siwo dɔlélenutsiŋutete hena vɛ abe Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) kple MOG-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) ene .

Dɔlékuiwo

Dɔlékui vovovowo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmekawo hã ŋu. Nenema kee wòle le ŋku ƒe lãmeka hã gome. Dɔlékuiwo koŋue ate ŋu ahe Optic Neuritis vɛ na ɖevi suewo.

• Dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlékuiwo: Dɔlékuiwo abe koklozi, herpes, cytomegalovirus, HIV, dɔlékui siwo nudzodzoeviwo hena vɛ, kple aɖitsi ene.
• Dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlélewo: Cat scratch fever, Lyme dɔléle, yɔmekpe, kple syphilis.
• Fungi ƒe dɔlékuiwo: Fungi ƒe dɔlékuiwo abe Cryptococcosis kple Candidiasis ene.
• Dɔlékui siwo tsoa dɔlékuiwo gbɔ: Toxoplasmosis, si woxɔna tso avuwo gbɔ, kple Toxocariasis, si woxɔna tso avuwo gbɔ.

Atike kple aɖi aɖewo

Atike aɖewo kple aɖi bubu siwo míenona hã ate ŋu ahe esia vɛ.

• Atike siwo wonana na dɔlékui aɖewo (e.g. ethambutol).
• Dzi ƒe tsotso ƒe atikewo (e.g. amiodarone).
• Atike siwo wozãna na asrãdɔ (e.g. chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine).
• Atike siwo tsia kansa nu.
• Atama kple nicotine-nuɖuɖuwo.
• Aha kple methanol.

Susu bubuwo tae

• Ʋu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ (ischemia):Ne ŋkume ƒe lãmeka mexɔ ʋu agbɔsɔsɔme si hiã o la, ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmekawo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu.
• Vitamin ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ: Vitamin B12 ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ koŋ ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmekawo ŋu vevie, tegbee.
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe nutete: Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe lãmeka ƒe tete le ahɔhɔ̃ me dɔdzẽ alo nu bubu aɖe ta.
• Suklidɔ (Suklidɔ Ƒomevi 2): Ne womeɖu suklidɔ dzi o la, afɔku si le lãmekawo ƒe gbegblẽ le sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ʋu me ta la lolo ŋutɔ.

Amekawoe le afɔku gã me be woaxɔ dɔléle sia?

Nu aɖewo ate ŋu ana afɔku si li be woaxɔ Optic Neuritis nadzi ɖe edzi.

• Ŋutsu alo nyɔnu nyenye: Ƒomevi si bɔ la dzena le nyɔnuwo me wu ŋutsuwo, evɔ ƒomevi si mebɔ o ya bɔ ɖe ŋutsuwo me wu.
• Ƒe: Amesiwo xɔ tso ƒe 20 va ɖo ƒe 40 ƒe ƒomevi si bɔ wu.
• Ameƒomevinyenye: Yevuwo le afɔku gã aɖe me be woaxɔ dɔléle sia.
• Teƒe si wowɔa dɔ le: Afɔku si le ame siwo le dukɔ siwo me vuvɔ le wu, siwo didi tso equator gbɔ la, ate ŋu axɔ ŋkume ƒe dɔléle si do ƒome kple MS la lolo vie. Wosusu be ɣe ƒe keklẽ kple vitamin D ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe esia dzi.
• Dɔléle bubu siwo dɔlélenutsiŋutete hena vɛ ƒe amesinɔnɔ: Ame siwo ŋu dɔlélewo abe lupus kple sarcoidosis ene le la le afɔku me wu.

Aleke tututu ɖɔktaa dea dzesi dɔléle siae?

Ne dzesi siawo le ŋuwò la, ele be nàyi ŋkudɔdzikpɔla gbɔ gbã. Abia nya wò tso wò dzesiwo kple wò atikewɔwɔ ŋutinya ŋu. Emegbe, woawɔ ŋkudɔ bliboe.

Dodokpɔa ƒe ɖoɖoa ate ŋu anye:

• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋutete me dzodzro.
• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe dodokpɔ.
• Alesi amadedewo dzenae dodokpɔ.
• ŋkuléle ɖe sukuviwo ƒe susuŋudɔwɔwɔ ŋu.

Le dodokpɔ siawo megbe la, ne ɖɔktaa susui be Ŋku ƒe Dɔlélee nye esia la, aɖo wò ɖe dodokpɔ bubuwo wɔwɔ me. Le wo dome la, MRI-dɔdamɔnu le vevie ŋutɔ.

MRI-dɔdamɔnu ate ŋu aɖee afia kɔte nenye be ŋku ƒe lãmeka me dɔdzẽ le eŋu. Ateŋu adi tɔtrɔ ɖesiaɖe le ahɔhɔ̃a me (`ahɔhɔ̃ me abi`) hã ne ɖikeke aɖe li be MS gbɔe esia tso.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, woate ŋu awɔ ʋudodokpɔ kple aɖuɖɔ dodokpɔ atsɔ akpɔe ɖa be dɔlékuiwo alo dɔlékuiwutikewo le dɔlélewo abe NMO alo MOGAD ene ŋu hã. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, woate ŋu atɔ akɔta hã.

Nukawoe nye atike siwo wozãna na esia?

Mɔnu vevi eve li siwo dzi woato ada Optic Neuritis.

1. Steroids be woaɖe abi dzi akpɔtɔ: Zi geɖe la, wodoa steroids to ʋuka me (IV) hena ŋkeke 3-5 le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me. Esia ate ŋu aɖe lãmekaa ƒe vuvu kple abi dzi akpɔtɔ kaba, aɖe vevesese dzi akpɔtɔ, eye wòakpe ɖe ame ŋu wòagakpɔ nu ake. Emegbe, wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu ana steroid siwo nye atikekuiwo wò be nàno hena ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe. Ele vevie be nàno atike siawo abe alesi tututu wò ɖɔkta gblɔ na wò ene.

2. Nusi gbɔ wòtso dada: Ne dɔlékui aɖe gbɔe wòtso la, woana dɔlékuiwutikewo. Ne dɔléle si dɔlékuiwutikewo tsona abe NMO alo MOGAD ene gbɔe wòtso la, ahiã be nàwɔ atike tɔxɛwo abe plasma exchange (PLEX) ene.

Wò ɖɔktae atso nya me le atike nyuitɔ kekeake si nàzã na wò nɔnɔmea ŋu.

Ɣeyiɣi didi kae nɔnɔme sia anɔ anyi? Ðe nye ŋutega atrɔ ava?

Esia toa vovo le dɔléle ƒomevi, atike si nèxɔ, kple alesi wò ŋutilã wɔa nui ɖe eŋu nu.

• Typical Optic Neuritis: Zi geɖe la, esia nyea kuxi si nɔa anyi ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe. Vevesesea nu yina le ŋkeke ʋɛ aɖewo megbe. Ate ŋu axɔ kwasiɖa eve va ɖo ɣleti etɔ̃ hafi nukpɔkpɔ natrɔ ava nɔ abe alesi wònɔ tsã ene bliboe. Le nɔnɔme siwo ade 90% me la, nukpɔkpɔ gatrɔna yia nɔnɔme si sɔ alo wògogo alesi wònɔna le ƒe ɖeka me.
• Atypical Optic Neuritis: Esia nye nusi nu sẽ vie wu. Dzesiawo ate ŋu anɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi wu. Ðewohĩ nukpɔkpɔ magahaya keŋkeŋ o. Eyata ele vevie ŋutɔ be woade dzesi esia ƒomevi kaba eye woadze atikewɔwɔ gɔme.
• Ðeviwo ƒe Dɔléle: Mɔnukpɔkpɔ sua ɖeviwo si be woahaya wu ame tsitsiwo sã. Nusiwo wògblẽna le ame ŋu ɣeyiɣi didi mebɔ o. Gake ne esia dze ɖevi aɖe dzi la, ate ŋu anye MS ƒe dzesi kaba, eyata ɖɔktawo nɔa ŋudzɔ ɖe eŋu.

Nukae woawɔ ne nɔnɔme kpata aɖe dzɔ?

Ne wò ŋku bu zi ɖeka , ke atikewɔwɔ kpatae. Ele be nàyi kɔdzi ƒe Dɔwɔƒe si Kpɔa Nudzɔdzɔ Kpatawo Gbɔ (ETU) si te ɖe ŋuwò enumake. Azɔ hã, ne tɔtrɔ aɖewo va le wò ŋkumekpɔkpɔ, vevesese, alo blukɔ me la, mègaŋe aɖaba ƒu edzi eye nàyi ɖɔkta gbɔ enumake o. Zi alesi nèdze atikewɔwɔ gɔme kaba la, zi nenemae mɔnukpɔkpɔ asu asiwò be nàɖe wò ŋkuwo.

Ŋku ƒe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle, ŋku ƒe vevesese, ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, MS, multiple sclerosis, ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle