Bari mu ƙara koyo game da tsarin biliary ɗinku. Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci!

A yau za mu yi magana game da wani tsari mai ban mamaki a jikinmu wanda ke taimaka mana mu narke abincin da muke ci. Ana kiransa Tsarin Biliary . Wataƙila kun taɓa jin wannan sunan a da. A taƙaice dai, hanyar sadarwa ce ta gabobi da hanyoyin sadarwa da ke cikin jikinmu. Kamar ƙaramin masana'anta ne da ke taimaka wa jikinmu.

Menene Tsarin Biliary? Me yasa yake da mahimmanci a gare mu?

To, bari mu fara duba menene wannan tsarin biliary. Wannan shine tsarin da ke samarwa, adanawa, da kuma sakin bile a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci idan ana buƙata. Kuna iya mamakin menene bile. Bile ruwa ne mai launin rawaya-kore wanda hantarmu ke samarwa. Babban aikinsa shine taimakawa wajen narke abincin da muke ci, musamman abinci mai kitse.

Don haka, wannan tsarin bile yana da wani muhimmin aiki. Wato, yana taimakawa wajen kawar da wasu sharar da ke cikin jikinmu daga jiki ta hanyar wannan bile. Wato, wannan tsarin ba wai kawai yana taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci ba ne, har ma yana taimakawa wajen tsaftace jikinmu. Shin kun fahimta? Shi ya sa wannan yake da matukar muhimmanci a gare mu.

Ina tsarin biliary yake? Menene manyan sassansa?

Yanzu bari mu ga inda wannan tsarin biliary yake a jikinmu. Yana a saman ramin cikinmu. A takaice dai, gefen dama shine inda yawancin gabobin suke.

Akwai manyan sassa da dama na wannan tsarin:

Hanta: Babban mai dafa abinci na jikinmu!

Hanta ita ce babbar hanyar da ke cikin wannan tsarin. Tana yin bile . Ba wai kawai ba, har ma yayin da take tsaftace jininmu, tana kuma raba sharar gida kamar ƙarin cholesterol da bilirubin (wanda ke ba bile launin rawaya) sannan ta ƙara su cikin bile. Hanta ma tana yin bile acid a cikin bile, wanda kuma ke amfani da cholesterol. Waɗannan bile acid suna taimaka wa ƙaramin hanjinmu wajen narkar da abinci. Bile, wanda ke taruwa ta cikin ƙananan bututun bile a cikin hanta (`intrahepatic ducts`), sannan ana ƙara shi zuwa manyan bututun bile da ke fitowa daga hanta (`extrahepatic ducts`).

Bututun bile: hanyoyi masu kyau da ke ɗauke da bile

Waɗannan su ne hanyoyin da ke tattara bile da aka samar a cikin hanta kuma su kai shi ga sauran tsarin. Ƙananan hanyoyin suna haɗuwa tare kuma daga ƙarshe suna haɗuwa zuwa babban bututu da ake kira hanyar bile ta gama gari . Wannan hanyar bile ta gama gari tana da alaƙa kai tsaye da ɓangaren farko na ƙaramin hanjinmu, duodenum . Wannan hanyar bile ta gama gari kuma tana da alaƙa da hanyar hanta ta gama gari daga hanta, hanyar cystic daga gallbladder, da hanyar pancreatic daga pancreas. Ka yi tunanin ta kamar mahadar da hanyoyi suka haɗu.

Gallbladder: Ƙaramin ɗakin ajiya

Kimanin rabin bile da ke fitowa daga hanta yana tafiya kai tsaye zuwa pancreas ta babban bututun bile, amma sauran rabin yana tafiya zuwa gallbladder . Wannan ƙaramin gabobi ne mai kama da jaka wanda ke ƙasa da hanta. Nan ne ake adana bile ɗin kuma aka taru. Lokacin da ƙaramin hanjinmu ya sami abinci wanda ke ɗauke da mai da furotin, yana buƙatar ƙarin bile don narke shi. Sannan ƙaramin hanji yana aika sigina zuwa gallbladder, yana cewa, "To, aika ɗan bile yanzu." A wannan lokacin, gallbladder ɗin yana tarawa kuma yana sakin ƙarin bile ta hanyar bututun.

Pancreas: Wani muhimmin mataimaki

Pancreas ɗinmu yana bayan ciki. Pancreas ɗin yana kuma amsa sigina daga pancreas. Amma ba ya fitar da bile. Yana fitar da cakuda enzymes waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen narke carbohydrates, sunadarai, da mai. Waɗannan enzymes suna tafiya ta cikin bututun pancreas kuma suna taruwa inda babban bututun bile ya haɗu da pancreas. Wani lokaci wannan tarin, ƙaramin tafki inda bile da pancreas ke taruwa na ɗan lokaci, ana kiransa ampulla na Vater .

Ƙaramin hanji - musamman duodenum: mahaɗin da komai ke haɗuwa

Ana kiran ɓangaren farko na ƙaramin hanjinmu da duodenum . Nan ne tsarin biliary da sauran tsarin narkewar abinci ke haɗuwa. Da zarar bile ya isa ƙaramin hanji, sai bile acid da ke cikinsa su rabu. Sauran sharar da ke cikinsa suna fita a cikin bayan gida. Bile acid da aka raba suna taimakawa wajen wargaza kitse a cikin hanji. Sannan, bile acid ɗin suna sake shiga ta bangon hanji zuwa cikin jini sannan su koma hanta. Wannan kamar 'sake amfani' ne.

Wadanne cututtuka ne ake yawan samu da za su iya shafar tsarin biliary?

Domin dukkan gabobin jiki da hanyoyin jini a cikin wannan tsarin biliary suna da alaƙa sosai, idan wata cuta ta faru a wani yanki, tana iya shafar sauran sassan cikin sauƙi. Musamman ma, cututtuka da kumburi na iya yaɗuwa zuwa ga gabobin da ke kusa da hanyoyin biliary. Haka kuma, idan wani abu ya toshe kwararar biliary, yana shafar dukkan tsarin.

Ga wasu cututtuka da suka zama ruwan dare a cikin wannan tsarin:

• Duwatsun Gallstone: Wannan wata cuta ce da mutane da yawa suka ji labarinta. Idan duwatsu suka fito a cikin gallbladder suka shiga cikin bututun bile, musamman bututun bile na gama gari, suna iya haifar da mummunan ciwon ciki, kumburin gallbladder (cholecystitis), kuma wani lokacin ma pancreas na iya kumbura, wanda muke kira gallstone pancreatitis .
• Ciwon hanta:A taƙaice dai, wannan shine lokacin da kwararar bile ke raguwa ko kuma ta toshe gaba ɗaya. Wannan na iya faruwa ne saboda hanta ba ta yin bile yadda ya kamata, ko kuma hanyoyin bile na iya toshewa ta wata hanya.
• Taurin biliary: Kumburi na dogon lokaci na bututun biliary na iya haifar da tabo a cikin kyallen, yana kunkuntar da toshe bututun. Wannan na iya faruwa ne sakamakon cututtukan gado ko cututtukan da ke shafar garkuwar jiki .
• Ciwon hanta: Ciwon hanta na dogon lokaci na iya haifar da tabo a cikin kyallen hanta, wanda ke haifar da gazawar hanta a hankali. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa cirrhosis . Daga nan hanta ba za ta iya samar da isasshen bile ba.

Baya ga wannan, akwai wasu cututtuka:

• Ciwon pancreatitis na yau da kullun
• Ciwon daji na pancreas
• dyskinesia na biliary (rashin aikin gallbladder)
• Babban cutar sclerosing cholangitis
• Babban cholangitis na biliary
• Ciwon hanta (biliary atresia)
• Rashin shaye-shayen bile acid
• Ciwon daji na bututun bile ('Ciwon daji na bututun bile' / 'Cholangiocarcinoma')
• Ciwon daji na hanta
• Ciwon daji na pancreas
• Ciwon daji na mafitsara
• Ciwon daji na Ampoular

Mene ne alamun cutar biliary system? Ku sani game da waɗannan!

Idan akwai matsala da tsarin biliary, jikinmu yana ba mu alamu da dama. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka san waɗannan alamun.

• Jaundice: Wannan yanayi ne da fararen idanu da fata ke juyawa zuwa rawaya. Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da bile ba zai iya gudana yadda ya kamata ba, ya toshe a cikin tsarin, kuma ya taru a cikin jini. Ana ba bile launin rawaya ta hanyar wani abu mai suna bilirubin .
• Ciwon ciki na biliary colic: Wannan wani nau'in ciwo ne na musamman. Yawanci yana faruwa ne jim kaɗan bayan cin abinci. Wannan ciwon yana faruwa ne lokacin da mafitsara ta matse ta saki bile a cikin babban bututun bile, kuma akwai toshewa (kamar dutse). Ciwon yana ƙaruwa a hankali, yana kaiwa kololuwa, sannan a hankali yana raguwa.
• Tashin zuciya da amai: Waɗannan alamomin guda biyu galibi suna tare da ciwon gallbladder. Wani lokaci, tare da jaundice, tashin zuciya da amai na iya faruwa akai-akai. Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon gubar bile da ke taruwa a cikin jini.
• Steatorrhea: Idan bile ko bile acid ba su isa ƙaramin hanji yadda ya kamata ba saboda wani dalili, kitsen da ke cikin abincin da muke ci ba ya narkewa ko sha a jiki. Sannan, kitsen yana wucewa tare da bayan gida. Bayan gida yana iya zama mai kuma ya yi iyo a sama.

Baya ga wannan, akwai wasu alamu:

• Ciwon ciki na sama.
• Fitsari mai launin duhu.
• Rikici ko rashin fahimtar juna mai sauƙi.

Muhimmi: Idan kana da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamomin, ka tabbata ka nemi shawarar likita. Da zarar an gano cutar da wuri, maganin zai fi sauƙi.

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ne zasu iya taimakawa wajen tantance lafiyar tsarin biliary dina?

Idan kana da alamun da aka ambata a sama, likitanka zai iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje daban-daban don duba lafiyar wannan tsarin.

• Gwaje-gwajen jini: Gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta (LFTs) da gwaje-gwajen aikin pancreas suna neman ƙarin enzymes na hanta da pancreas. Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC) na iya neman ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin jinin farin jini. Ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin jinin farin jini na iya nuna kamuwa da cuta ko kumburi.
• Gwaje-gwajen hoto: Gwaje-gwaje na asali kamar na'urar daukar hoton ciki ko na'urar daukar hoton CT na iya taimakawa wajen tantance ko akwai toshewa ko kumburi a ko'ina cikin tsarin biliary.
• Gwaje-gwajen hoto na musamman: Akwai gwaje-gwaje na musamman waɗanda za su iya zurfafa bincike kan tsarin biliary. Wasu misalai sune:
• Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)
• Hoton scintigraphy na hanta (HIDA scan)
• Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
• Ana amfani da wannan a matsayin gwaji da kuma wasu jiyya a matsayin gwajin endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Menene maganin cututtukan tsarin biliary?

Abu mafi kyau shi ne cewa yanzu akwai magunguna masu inganci ga cututtuka da yawa na tsarin biliary. Hanyar magani ta bambanta dangane da nau'in cutar da tsananinta.

• Magudanar ruwa ta biliary: Wannan hanya ce mai sauƙi. Ana yin ta ne don cire yawan biliary da ya taru a cikin bututun biliary. Likita zai saka siririn bututu (catheter) ta bangon ciki zuwa cikin tsarin biliary ɗinka sannan ya fitar da biliary ɗin ta cikinsa.
• Maganin Endoscopic: A lokacin aikin ERCP , ana iya yin wasu jiyya ta hanyar endoscope (bututu mai siriri da kyamara a haɗe). Misali, idan akwai toshewa, ana iya cire shi, ana iya ɗaukar samfurin nama (biopsy), ko kuma a saka ƙaramin bututu ( stent ) don ci gaba da buɗe bututun.

A wasu lokuta, musamman ga cututtuka kamar su duwatsun ciki, tiyata don cire gallbladder (cholecystectomy) na iya zama dole. Ga ciwon daji, jiyya masu rikitarwa kamar tiyata, radiotherapy, ko chemotherapy na iya zama dole.

Me za mu iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar tsarin biliary ɗinmu?

"Rigakafi ya fi magani." Wato, ya fi kyau a hana cuta kafin ta faru fiye da a yi maganinta bayan ta faru. Don haka, akwai wasu abubuwa masu sauƙi da za mu iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar tsarin biliary ɗinmu.

• Kiyaye abinci mai kyau: Ki ci abinci mai gina jiki da ba a sarrafa ba (abinci gaba ɗaya) gwargwadon iyawa. Kiyaye abinci mai yawan sukari da kitse mai yawa. Wannan zai kiyaye lafiyar hanta kuma ya sarrafa matakan cholesterol ɗinki. Ku tuna, yawan cholesterol na iya haifar da gallstones da cututtukan hanta mai kitse.
• A rage shan barasa da shan magunguna marasa amfani: Yawan shan barasa da magunguna da yawa ba tare da amfani ba, kamar wasu magungunan rage radadi, su ne manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da duwatsun gallstone da cututtukan hanta. Idan kana da wata cuta ta tsarin biliary, waɗannan abubuwan na iya ƙara ta'azzara lamarin.
• A yi gwajin lafiya akai-akai: Wasu cututtuka na tsarin biliary na iya zama a cikin jiki na dogon lokaci ba tare da nuna wata babbar alama ba. Saboda haka, kada ku rasa duba lafiyarku akai-akai ('duba lafiyarku'). Sannan, idan akwai wata cuta, ana iya gano ta a matakin farko. Haka kuma, yi magana da likitanka game da magungunan da kuke sha kuma ku gano ko suna da illa ga hanta.

Don haka, abu mafi muhimmanci na ƙarshe da za a tuna! (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Tsarin biliary ɗinmu muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin narkewar abinci da kuma tsarin zagayawar jini. Idan bai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba, zai iya shafar komai tun daga narkewar abinci har zuwa abinci mai gina jiki. Hakanan yana iya barin guba su taru a jikinmu su koma cikin jininmu.

Gabobi a cikin wannan tsarin, kamar hanta da pancreas, suna da wasu ayyuka da yawa. Don haka, idan waɗannan gabobin suka yi rashin lafiya, ba wai kawai zai shafi tsarin biliary ba, har ma da sauran tsarin da ke da alaƙa da waɗannan gabobin. Saboda haka, kada ku manta cewa tsarin biliary mai lafiya yana da mahimmanci ga jiki mai lafiya. Ku kula da jikinku, kuma idan kun lura da wani abu na ban mamaki, kada ku yi kasala wajen neman shawarar likita.

Tsarin biliary , gallbladder, hanta, hanyoyin bile, narkewar abinci, jaundice, duwatsun gallstone