Babban kwamfuta da ke cikin kawunanmu: Komai game da kwakwalwa a cikin sauƙi

Shin ka taɓa tunanin, yaya kake karanta wannan labarin a yanzu? Idanunka suna kallon waɗannan haruffan, yana zuwa kwakwalwarka, kwakwalwa ta fahimce shi kuma tana gaya maka. A halin yanzu, zuciyarka tana bugawa, kana numfashi, zafin jikinka yana da iko. Babban abin da ke bayan duk wannan shine wannan gabar jiki mai ban mamaki a cikin kanmu, wato, kwakwalwarmu. A yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan cibiyar kula da jikinmu, a sauƙaƙe.

Menene ainihin kwakwalwa?

A taƙaice dai, kwakwalwarka kamar babbar kwamfuta ce a jikinka. Duk abin da kake yi, kowane tunani, ji, tunawa, motsi, da ɗabi'a da kake da shi, kwakwalwarka ce ke sarrafa shi kuma take tsara shi. Har ma abubuwan da ba ka san kana yi ba, kamar numfashi, bugun zuciyarka, da zafin jikinka, kwakwalwarka ce ke sarrafa su. A gaskiya ma, duk abin da ke sa ka "kai" ya fito ne daga kwakwalwarka.

Ka yi tunani a kai, kwakwalwa tsari ne mai rikitarwa wanda ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa. Kowane sashe yana da nasa aikin. Amma duk waɗannan sassan suna aiki tare, kamar ƙungiya. Wannan tsarin yana aiki ta hanyar aika bayanai akai-akai tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, ko abin da muke kira neurons . Sannan, ana fassara wannan bayanin zuwa harshen da jikinmu yake fahimta, kuma yana umurtansa da ya yi aikin da ya dace.

Kwakwalwarmu tana da alaƙa da kashin baya. Tare, waɗannan biyun sun samar da Tsarin Jijiyoyi na Tsakiya (CNS) .

Menene manyan ayyukan kwakwalwa?

Kwakwalwa kamar Shugaba ne na jikinmu. Tana sarrafa komai. Bari mu kalli abin da ke faruwa a kwakwalwa.

Yaushe kwakwalwa ke daina girma?

Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa kwakwalwa tana da cikakkiyar girma lokacin da aka haife mu. Amma ba haka lamarin yake ba. Kwakwalwa tana samun mafi girman girma tun daga haihuwa har zuwa samartaka. Duk da haka, yana ɗaukar lokaci kafin kwakwalwa ta girma sosai, wato, ta girma. A matsakaici, kwakwalwa tana ci gaba da girma har zuwa kusan shekaru 25 .

Ɗaya daga cikin sassan ƙarshe da za a samu shine prefrontal cortex . Wannan yana bayan goshinmu. Wannan ɓangaren shine abin da ke taimaka mana mu yanke shawara mai kyau, tsara aikinmu, da kuma sarrafa motsin zuciyarmu.

Manyan sassa uku na kwakwalwa

Kwakwalwarmu za a iya raba ta zuwa manyan sassa uku, kowannensu yana da takamaiman aiki.

1. Kwakwalwa: Wannan shine mafi girman ɓangaren kwakwalwa. Yana da girman goro babba. An raba shi zuwa sassa biyu, ko kuma hemisphere - hagu da dama. Wannan ɓangaren shine inda muke fahimtar bayanai daga hankulanmu guda biyar. Hakanan yana sarrafa abubuwan da muke tunani da aikatawa, kamar magana, ƙwaƙwalwa, hali, hali, motsi, tunani, da yanke shawara. Waɗannan hemisphere guda biyu suna da alaƙa da tarin zare na jijiyoyi da ake kira corpus callosum .

2. Cerebellum: Wannan yana bayan kwakwalwa, a ƙarƙashin kwakwalwa. Ƙarami ne, siffar rabin zagaye. Babban aikinsa shine sarrafa daidaiton jikinmu , yanayin jiki, daidaito, da ƙwarewar motsa jiki mai kyau. Misali, wannan ɓangaren yana taimaka maka yin abubuwa kamar tafiya a miƙe da zare allura.

3. Ƙwaƙwalwa: Wannan yana ƙasan kwakwalwa. Yana haɗa kwakwalwa da ƙashin baya. Ƙwaƙwalwa tana sarrafa ayyuka da yawa na jikinmu ta atomatik . Misali, abubuwa kamar bugun zuciya, numfashi, zagayowar barci da farkawa, da haɗiyewa. Waɗannan ba abubuwa ne da muke sarrafawa da sani ba.

Kariya ga kwakwalwa

Saboda kwakwalwa wata gaɓa ce mai matuƙar muhimmanci kuma mai saurin kamuwa da cuta, ta sami kariya ta musamman.

• Cranium: Wannan ƙashi na kwanyarmu shine babban abin kariya da ke kewaye da kwakwalwa. Kamar harsashin kwakwa ne.
• Ruwan Cerebrospinal (CSF): Kwakwalwa tana shawagi a cikin wannan ruwan. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen hana lalacewar kwakwalwa idan aka yi girgiza ko girgiza kwatsam.
• Ciwon daji: Akwai matakai uku na membranes masu kariya tsakanin kwanyar da kwakwalwa.
• Dura mater: Mafi kauri daga waje.
• Murafar Arachnoid: Sirarariyar mura mai kama da gizo-gizo a tsakiya.
• Pia mater: Mafi girman sashin ciki wanda ke haɗe da kwakwalwa kuma yana ɗauke da jijiyoyin jini.

Wasu muhimman sassan kwakwalwa

Akwai wasu ƙananan sassa da yawa na kwakwalwa waɗanda ke yin ayyuka masu mahimmanci. Bari mu duba kaɗan daga cikinsu.

Ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa

Kwakwalwar kwakwalwa, wadda muka yi magana a kai a baya, ita ce mafi girman ɓangaren kwakwalwa, kuma an ƙara raba ta zuwa ƙananan sassa huɗu. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan ƙananan sassa yana da aiki daban-daban.

• Lobe na gaba: Wannan ɓangaren kwakwalwa, wanda yake bayan goshi, shine mafi girman lobe. Yana sarrafa motsinmu na son rai, fahimtar zamantakewa, tunani, da ilmantarwa.
• Lobe na kusurwa:Wannan ɓangaren kwakwalwa, wanda yake a bayan kwakwalwa, yana da alhakin fahimtar bayanai na gani, wanda shine abin da kake gani da idanunka. Shi ne abin da ke taimaka maka fahimtar abin da kake gani lokacin da kake kallon talabijin ko tafiya a kan titi.
• Lobe na parietal: Wannan lobe yana saman da bayan kwakwalwa, yana karɓar sigina daga wasu sassan jiki kuma yana taimaka mana mu fahimci yanayin da ke kewaye da mu da kuma yanayin jikinmu. Wannan ɓangaren yana jin abubuwa kamar taɓawa, zafi, da zafin jiki.
• Lobe na wucin gadi: Wannan lobe yana a kowane gefen kai, kusa da kunnuwa, yana taimakawa wajen dawo da ƙwaƙwalwa, fahimtar harshe, da kuma motsin rai.

Toka da Farin Ma'anar Kwakwalwa

Wataƙila kun ji labarin "al'amarin launin toka" da "al'amarin fari" na kwakwalwa. Bari mu duba menene waɗannan biyun.

• Toka-toka: Wannan shine ɓangaren waje mai duhu na kwakwalwa. Yana taimakawa wajen ayyukanmu na yau da kullun, kamar sarrafa tsokoki, amfani da hankalinmu, tunawa da abubuwa, jin motsin rai, da kuma magana.
• Farin abu: Wannan yana ƙarƙashin launin toka. Zaruruwan jijiyoyi a wannan yanki suna aika sakonni zuwa sassa daban-daban na tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya, suna taimaka mana mu yi aiki yadda ya kamata.

Cututtukan da ke shafar kwakwalwa

Saboda kwakwalwa tana sarrafa kusan komai a jikinmu, yanayin da ke shafar kwakwalwa ya zama ruwan dare. Waɗannan na iya kamawa daga ƙananan yanayi zuwa manyan yanayi. Wasu daga cikin yanayin da aka fi sani sun haɗa da:

• Cutar Alzheimer da ciwon hauka
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• Ciwon Autism (ASD)
• Jinin kwakwalwa
• Ciwon kwakwalwa
• Juyawar kai - raunuka a kai
• Damuwa
• Farfadiya
• Multiple sclerosis
• Cutar Parkinson
• bugun jini
• Raunin kwakwalwa mai rauni

A cikin irin wannan rashin lafiya, lafiyar kwakwalwarka, motsinka, ƙwaƙwalwarka, tunani, da kuma magana na iya shafarka. Idan kana da waɗannan alamun, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka ga likitanka nan da nan don neman shawara.

Ta yaya muke kiyaye lafiyar kwakwalwarmu?

Yawanci muna tunani game da zuciyarmu da koda, amma ba ma yin tunani sosai game da lafiyar kwakwalwarmu. Amma kwakwalwa tana sarrafa komai game da mu. Saboda haka, kiyaye lafiyar kwakwalwa yana da mahimmanci.

• Motsa kwakwalwarka: Koyon wani sabon abu, karanta littafi ko jarida, yin abubuwa kamar wasanin gwada ilimi da kuma Sudoku motsa jiki ne masu kyau ga kwakwalwa.
• Ka kasance mai hulɗa da jama'a: Yin magana da hulɗa da abokai da iyali yana da matuƙar amfani ga lafiyar kwakwalwa da kuma kwakwalwa.
• Ku ci abinci mai kyau: Ku haɗa da abinci mai wadataccen sinadirai kamar omega-3, kamar kifi, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da goro.
• Motsa jiki akai-akai: Motsa jiki yana ƙara kwararar jini zuwa kwakwalwa, yana inganta aikin kwakwalwa.
• Samun isasshen barci: A lokacin barci ne kwakwalwa ke kawar da bayanai marasa amfani da suka taru a duk tsawon yini sannan ta shirya don sabuwar rana. Saboda haka, barci mai kyau na awanni 7-8 yana da mahimmanci.
• Sarrafa damuwa: Damuwa mai yawa tana da illa ga kwakwalwa. Za ka iya rage damuwa ta hanyar yin abubuwa kamar yin zuzzurfan tunani, yoga, da kuma yin wani abin sha'awa da ka fi so.
• Kare kanka: Sanya kwalkwali yayin hawa kekuna da babura. Guji yanayi inda za a iya samun raunuka a kai gwargwadon iko.