Ka yi tunanin cin abinci mai daɗi, kana jin ƙamshin fure mai kyau, kana murmushi idan ka ga aboki, kana kuka idan ka ji baƙin ciki... Shin ka taɓa mamakin yadda duk wannan ke faruwa? Bayan duk wannan akwai wata jijiyoyi ta musamman da ke fitowa kai tsaye daga kwakwalwarmu. Waɗannan suna sarrafa ayyukan kanmu, wuyanmu, da ƙirjinmu. A yau za mu yi magana game da waɗannan jijiyoyi 12 masu matuƙar muhimmanci.
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Menene waɗannan jijiyoyin kwanyar?
A taƙaice dai, waɗannan nau'i-nau'i ne na jijiyoyi guda 12 waɗanda suka fara daga gindin kwakwalwarmu kuma suna aika siginar lantarki zuwa ga wasu gabobin jikinmu, fuska, wuya, da ƙirji. A taƙaice dai, jijiyoyi guda biyar suna aiki, muna yin fuskoki daban-daban, muna kifta ido, muna motsa harsunanmu baya da gaba, kuma muna haifar da hawaye da amai saboda waɗannan jijiyoyi. Su wani ɓangare ne mai mahimmanci na tsarin jijiyoyinmu.
Bari mu dubi menene waɗannan jijiyoyi 12 da kuma abin da suke yi.
| jijiyar | Babban aiki |
|---|---|
| 1. Jijiyoyin Ƙanshi | Yana taimakawa wajen jin ƙamshi . Wannan jijiyar tana ɗauke da jin da ƙwayoyin wari ke haifarwa zuwa kwakwalwa. |
| 2. Jijiyoyin gani | Yana da alaƙa da gani . Yana ɗauke da bayanai daga ido zuwa kwakwalwa. |
| 3. Jijiyoyin Oculomotor | Yana taimakawa wajen motsa ido ta hanyar kunna tsokoki da yawa da ke kewaye da ido. Hakanan yana sarrafa girman zoben baƙi a cikin ido, ya danganta da hasken. |
| 4. Jijiyoyin Trochlear | An kunna wata tsoka ta musamman a cikin ido don taimakawa wajen juya ido zuwa ƙasa da ciki . |
| 5. Jijiyoyin Trigeminal | Ya ƙunshi manyan sassa uku. Yana ɗauke da ji kamar taɓawa da ciwo daga sassa daban-daban na kai, kamar fatar fuska da haƙora, zuwa kwakwalwa. |
| 6. Jijiyoyin Abducens | Yana sarrafa wata tsoka a cikin ido kuma yana taimakawa wajen juya ido zuwa gefe, wato, waje . |
| 7. Jijiyoyin Fuska | Yana sarrafa yanayin fuska (murmushi, ƙyalli) . Gaban harshe kuma yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar ɗanɗano da kuma samar da yawu da hawaye. |
| 8. Jijiyoyin Vestibulocchochlear | Wannan kuma yana da sassa biyu. Ɗaya yana taimakawa wajen ji , ɗayan kuma yana taimakawa wajen daidaita jiki. |
| 9. Jijiyoyin Glossopharyngeal | Bayan makogwaro, bayan harshe, yana da hannu a cikin ɗanɗano da jin daɗi , da kuma yadda ake haɗiyewa . |
| 10. Jijiyoyin Vagus | Wannan ita ce jijiyar kwanya mafi tsawo. Tana sarrafa ayyuka da yawa na atomatik, kamar bugun zuciya, numfashi, da narkewar abinci . |
| 11. Jijiyoyin Kayan Aiki | Yana taimakawa wajen kunna tsokoki na wuya da kafadu . Wannan jijiyar tana da alhakin juya kai daga gefe zuwa gefe da ɗaga kafadu. |
| 12. Jijiyoyin da ke ƙara yawan jini (hypoglossal jijiyar) | Wannan jijiya tana sarrafa kusan dukkan motsin harshe . Ana amfani da ita wajen motsa harshe don yin magana, ci, da sha. |
Ina waɗannan jijiyoyi suke?
Daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan jijiyoyi guda 12, biyu (jijiyoyin ƙamshi da na gani) sun samo asali ne daga cikin kwakwalwa, mafi girman ɓangaren kwakwalwarmu. Sauran nau'ikan jijiyoyi guda 10 sun samo asali ne daga tushen kwakwalwa, wanda ke haɗa kwakwalwa da kashin baya a cikin kashin baya.
Amma waɗannan su ne kawai farkon. Waɗannan jijiyoyi sun bazu zuwa sassa daban-daban na jiki dangane da aikinsu. Misali, jijiyar vagus da muka yi magana a kai a baya ita ce mafi tsayi. Tana ratsa wuya, ƙirji, har zuwa zuciya, huhu, da tsarin narkewar abinci.
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Check Availability →Yadda ake gane matsala da jijiyoyin kwakwalwa?
Waɗannan jijiyoyi 12 suna da mahimmanci don aikin kai da fuska. Ko da ƙaramin lahani da aka yi musu zai iya yin babban tasiri ga rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun. Tunda da yawa daga cikin waɗannan jijiyoyi suna kusa da saman kwanyar, suna lalacewa cikin sauƙi a lokacin haɗari.
Alamomin sun bambanta dangane da wace jijiya ce ta lalace. Misali, idan jijiya mai ƙamshi ta lalace, jin wari ya ɓace. Idan jijiya ta lalace a fuska, ba za a iya sarrafa yanayin fuska ba.
Alamomin raunin jijiyoyi da aka saba gani sun haɗa da:
- Rashin jin daɗi ko jin kasala a wani ɓangare na fuska
- Rashin ƙarfin tsokoki na fuska ko wuya
- Gajiya da rauni gaba ɗaya
- Jin zafi a fuska, kai, ko wuya
- Canje-canje a gani (gani biyu, hangen nesa mara kyau)
- Rashin daidaito a jiki
- Wahalar haɗiye abinci ko ruwa
Wadanne cututtuka ne ke shafar waɗannan jijiyoyi?
Waɗannan jijiyoyi na iya lalacewa ta hanyoyi daban-daban na lafiya, ciki har da:
- Trigeminal neuralgia - ciwo mai tsanani a gefe ɗaya na fuska
- Ciwon ƙafa na Bell - raunin tsokoki a gefe ɗaya na fuska
- bugun jini
- Raunin kwakwalwa mai rauni (TBI)
- Ciwon kwakwalwa
- Cututtukan tsarin jijiyoyi kamar 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)'
- Hemifacial spasm - girgiza tsokoki a gefe ɗaya na fuska ba tare da son rai ba
- Ciwon jijiyoyi na Glossopharyngeal - ciwo mai tsanani a makogwaro da kunnuwa
Ta yaya za mu kiyaye waɗannan jijiyoyi masu daraja lafiya?
Abin farin ciki, za mu iya hana lalacewar waɗannan jijiyoyi ta hanyar ɗaukar kyawawan halaye na rayuwa.
- Ku ci abinci mai kyau .
- Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace .
- A guji shan taba gaba ɗaya.
- Idan kana da hawan jini , ka kula da shi kamar yadda likitanka ya umarta.
- A guji yanayin da zai iya haifar da raunuka a kai (misali sanya kwalkwali yayin hawa keke).
- A ɗauki matakai don hana ciwon suga .
- Ka kula da shan giyarka .
- Motsa jiki akai-akai.
Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?
Idan kana da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamomin, ko kuma kana zargin kana da matsala da waɗannan jijiyoyi, abin da ya fi kyau ka yi shi ne ka ga likitan iyali. Zai tura ka zuwa ga likitan jijiyoyi idan ya cancanta.
Duk da haka, akwai wasu alamomin da ya kamata ka nemi taimakon likita nan take idan sun bayyana. Waɗannan na iya zama alamun wata mummunar cuta kamar bugun jini, don haka yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a je Sashen Gaggawa (ETU) na asibiti mafi kusa.
| Je zuwa ETU nan da nan! |
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Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Jijiyoyin kwakwalwa nau'i-nau'i ne guda 12 na muhimman jijiyoyi waɗanda ke fitowa daga kwakwalwarmu kuma suna sarrafa gani, ji, ƙamshi, ɗanɗano, motsin fuska, da ƙari.
- Alamomi kamar su suma a fuska, raunin tsoka, canjin gani, da wahalar haɗiyewa na iya zama alamar cewa akwai matsala da waɗannan jijiyoyi.
- Rayuwa mai kyau (abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki, da kuma guje wa shan taba) yana taimakawa sosai wajen kare waɗannan jijiyoyi.
- Idan ka fuskanci alamu kamar su faɗuwa a gefe ɗaya na fuskarka ba zato ba tsammani ko kuma magana mara kyau, zai iya zama bugun jini, don haka je zuwa Sashen Gaggawa mafi kusa (ETU) ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba.
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