Shin ƙaramin yaronka yana da irin wannan matsalar numfashi? Bari mu yi magana game da "Double Aortic Arch"!

Shin ƙaramin yaronka wani lokaci yana jin kamar yana da matsalar numfashi? Shin yana shaƙewa yayin shayarwa ko shayarwa? Ko kuma yana yin wani irin ƙara yayin numfashi? Duk da cewa waɗannan cututtukan yara ne da aka saba gani, akwai wata cuta mafi tsanani, amma mai magani, a bayan wannan. Wata irin wannan cuta mai wuya amma mai mahimmanci da za a sani ita ce "Double Aortic Arch." Bari mu yi magana dalla-dalla a yau.

A taƙaice dai, babban jijiyoyin jini da ke ɗauke da jini daga zuciyar jaririnka zuwa sauran jikinsa shine aorta . Yawanci babban jijiya ne guda ɗaya. Sashen lanƙwasa na wannan jijiya da ke sama da zuciya ana kiransa arcan aorta .

Duk da haka, a cikin jariri mai "Bangaran Aortic Biyu", wannan "bangaran aortic" yana samuwa gida biyu. Wato, ƙarin jijiyoyin jini yana haɗuwa da wannan babban "bangaran aortic", yana samar da baka na biyu. Waɗannan baka biyu suna haɗuwa, suna samar da zobe a kusa da bututun iska na jariri (trachea) da bututun abinci (esophagus) . Ka yi tunanin, me zai faru idan wannan zoben ya toshe? A lokacin ne jaririn ya fara samun manyan alamu kamar wahalar numfashi, yin hayaniya yayin numfashi, da wahalar haɗiye abinci.

Wannan "babban aorta" yana samuwa ne a farkon matakan ciki, tsakanin makonni biyu zuwa bakwai. A wannan lokacin, zuciya da jijiyoyin jini suna girma ta hanya mai rikitarwa. Wasu sassa suna samuwa, kuma bayan wani lokaci ba a buƙatar su kuma suna ɓacewa. "babban aorta biyu" yana samuwa ne saboda wani abu kamar haka. A kusan mako na biyar na ciki, wani jini da ya kamata ya ɓace, saboda wani dalili da ba a sani ba, ba ya ɓacewa kuma wannan "babban aorta biyu" yana samuwa. Wannan lahani ne na zuciya da aka haifa , wanda ke nufin cewa an haifi jaririn da shi.

Wannan yanayin, wanda ake kira "double aortic arches," na cikin wani rukuni na nakasar zuciya da aka haifa da ake kira "vascular zobba." Waɗannan suna sa bututun iska da esophagus na jariri su matse.

Menene waɗannan "zoben jijiyoyin jini"?

To, "Zoben Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi" kamar yadda na ambata a baya, yanayi ne da "bakin jijiyoyi" ke tasowa ba daidai ba, wanda zai iya sa bututun iska na jariri (trachea), bututun abinci (esophagus), ko duka biyun su matse. Waɗannan lahani ne na zuciya da aka haifa . Ka yi tunani a kai, kusan jarirai 100 ake haifa da wani irin lahani na zuciya da aka haifa. Amma "zoben jijiyoyi" yana shafar ɗaya ne kawai cikin jarirai 10,000. Wannan ba kasafai yake faruwa ba.

Waɗanne manyan nau'ikan "Zoben Jijiyoyi" ne?

Akwai nau'ikan "zoben jijiyoyin jini" da dama. Bari mu ga menene su:

• Bakin Aorta Biyu: A cikin wannan, "bangarori biyu na aorta" (hagu da dama) suna kewaye da trachea da esophagus. Wannan shine babban batun da muke magana a kai.
• Bakin aorta na dama tare da jijiyar subclavian ta hagu mara kyau da kuma ligamentum ta hagu: Akwai baka ɗaya na aorta a nan, amma yana gefen dama na trachea (yawanci yana gefen hagu). A wannan yanayin, jijiyar subclavian ta hagu, wacce ke ba da jini ga hannun jariri, tana farawa daga aorta kuma tana wucewa a bayan trachea da esophagus. Ana kammala wannan zoben jijiyoyin jini ta hanyar haɗawa da ligamentum arteriosus na hagu, wani ragowar jijiyoyin jini wanda ke nan a lokacin rayuwar tayi sannan ya ɓace.
• Bakin hagu na aorta tare da jijiyar subclavian ta dama mara kyau: A nan, jijiyar subclavian ta dama tana wucewa a bayan trachea da esophagus, tana matse su.
• Matsewar jijiyoyin da ba a san su ba: Jijiyar innominate (brachiocephalic) reshe ne na aorta. A wannan yanayin, tana farawa daga gefen hagu na trachea, sannan ta wuce gaban trachea zuwa dama. Wannan yana sanya matsin lamba ga trachea.
• Jijiyoyin jijiyoyin huhu: Jijiyoyin huhu na hagu suna farawa daga jijiya ta dama ta huhu kuma suna ratsawa tsakanin trachea da esophagus.

Abin da ke faruwa a duk waɗannan shi ne cewa hanyar iska ko kuma esophagus na shafar ta wata hanya.

Akwai nau'ikan "Double Aortic Arch"?

Eh, akwai manyan nau'ikan "babban aorta guda biyu." Ana bambanta waɗannan da wanne baka ya fi girma, da kuma ko wannan babban baka yana gefen dama ko hagu na trachea.

• Babban baka na dama mai ƙaramin baka na hagu: Wannan shine nau'in da aka fi sani, yana faruwa a kusan kashi 80 cikin ɗari na lokuta.
• Babban baka na hagu mai ƙaramin baka na dama: Ana ganin wannan a kusan kashi 10 cikin ɗari na lokuta.
• Bakaken daidaito: Ana kuma ganin wannan a kusan kashi 10 cikin ɗari na lokuta.

Wane irin "zoben jijiyoyin jini" ne aka fi gani?

Likitoci sun daɗe suna tunanin cewa "babban aorta biyu" shine nau'in "zoben jijiyoyin jini." Amma sabon bincike ya gano cewa "babban aorta na dama" ya fi yawa.

Amma akwai wani abu kuma. Jarirai masu "kwarkwatar aorta ta dama" suna da yiwuwar samun wasu lahani na zuciya da aka haifa fiye da jarirai masu "kwarkwatar aorta ta biyu." Duk da haka, ba a gano su da kyau ba a lokacin haihuwa. Wannan saboda "kwarkwatar aorta ta dama" ba za ta iya haifar da alamu a farkon matakai ba. Don haka, tiyata don wannan matsalar na iya zama dole tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 18.

Wani yanayi da ake kira "Double Aortic Arch" shine nau'in zoben jijiyoyin jini da aka fi sani . Saboda haka, likitan jaririnka zai iya gano matsalar da wuri. Idan aka kwatanta da jarirai masu wasu nau'ikan zoben jijiyoyin jini, jarirai masu "Double Aortic Arch" na iya buƙatar tiyata jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa.

Mene ne alamun "Double Aortic Arch"?

Alamomin "kwanƙolin aorta biyu" galibi suna faruwa ne lokacin da aka matse bututun iska na jariri, makogwaro, ko duka biyun. Wannan matsi na iya shafar numfashin jaririn, ciyarwa, ko aikin zuciya.

Sau da yawa, waɗannan alamun suna bayyana a lokacin ƙuruciya (musamman idan yanayin ya yi tsanani), amma wani lokacin suna iya bayyana tun suna ɗan shekara uku, ko ma a lokacin samartaka.

Wasu yara na iya fuskantar kuskuren ganewar cutar asma saboda alamun sun yi kama da juna. Ana gano cutar ne kawai idan maganin asma ya gaza kuma an yi ƙarin gwaji.

Alamomin numfashi

Kimanin kashi 91 cikin 100 na jarirai da yara masu "kwanƙolin aorta biyu" suna kamuwa da waɗannan alamomin da suka shafi numfashi. Su ne:

• Sauti mai ban mamaki lokacin numfashi (sauti mai ƙarfi da ake kira 'stridor' ko kuma sautin shaƙa da ake kira 'wheezing') .
• Tari mai kama da "haushin hatimi." Wannan yayi kama da tari da ke faruwa a lokacin da ake kira "croup."
• Yawaitar kamuwa da cututtukan ƙananan hanyoyin numfashi .

Alamomin ciki

Kimanin kashi 40 cikin 100 na jarirai da yara masu "kwanƙolin aorta biyu" suna fuskantar waɗannan alamun narkewar abinci. Sun haɗa da:

• Shaƙewa yayin shayarwa ko shayarwa.
• Wahalar haɗiyewa (dysphagia) . Wannan yakan bayyana ne bayan jariri ya fara cin abinci mai tauri.
• Wahalar samun nauyi .
• Abinci yana dawowa cikin makogwaro ('Regurgitation/reflux') .

Alamomin Zuciya

Kimanin kashi 30 cikin 100 na jarirai da yara masu "biyu aorta" suna samun alamun da suka shafi zuciya. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon ƙirji .
• Sautin zuciya mara kyau ('Raguwar zuciya') .
• Fata mai launin shuɗi (cyanosis) .

Me ke haifar da "Double Aortic Arch"?

Ba a gano ainihin musabbabin "ƙwayar cuta mai kama da juna biyu" ba tukuna . Duk da cewa ana ganin wannan yanayin a cikin jarirai da aka ɗauka ta hanyar "hadi a cikin vitro" (IVF) , ba a san ainihin musabbabin ba.

Ana iya danganta baka biyu na aorta da wasu matsalolin lafiya. Kimanin kashi 12 cikin 100 na jarirai masu baka biyu na aorta suna da wata matsalar zuciya da aka haifa, kamar lahani na ventricular septal (VSD) da tetralogy of Fallot . Bugu da ƙari, kusan kashi 20 cikin 100 na jarirai masu baka biyu na aorta suna da yanayin kwayoyin halitta kamar sharewar chromosome 22q11 da trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) .

Yadda ake gane "Double Aortic Arch"?

Ana gano ciwon aorta mai kama da biyu ko dai ta hanyar kwatsam ko kuma lokacin da alamun suka fara. Wani lokaci, ana gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a lokacin daukar ciki, bayan haihuwa, ko kuma yayin gwaje-gwajen hoto da aka yi saboda wani dalili. Tun daga shekarar 2004, adadin mutanen da aka gano suna da wannan yanayin ta hanyar daukar hoton a lokacin daukar ciki ya karu sosai. Wannan yana da matukar amfani, domin ana iya tsara magani da zarar an haifi jariri.

Ko kuma, ana iya gano shi idan alamun suka bayyana bayan an haifi jaririn. Likitan jaririnka zai yi maka magana game da alamun sannan ya yi maka wasu gwaje-gwaje.

Gwaje-gwaje don gano cutar "Double Aortic Arch"

Manyan gwaje-gwajen da ake amfani da su don gano wannan yanayin sune:

• X-ray na ƙirji: Wannan shine gwajin farko da aka yi.
• CT scan.
• Gwajin Echocardiogram (Echo): Wannan yana da matuƙar amfani wajen gano ko akwai wasu lahani na zuciya.
• gwajin MRI (MRI).

Wani lokaci ana iya yin gwajin bronchoscopy don duba bututun iska na jariri. Ana iya yin hakan ne don magance matsalar numfashi kafin a gano wata babbar hanyar aorta ta biyu. Ko kuma, ana iya yin hakan kafin a yi tiyata don taimakawa likitan tiyata wajen gano abin da ke haifar da matsalar.

Gwajin kwayoyin halitta yana taimakawa wajen gano yanayin kwayoyin halitta.

Yadda ake warkar da "Double Aortic Arch"?

Ana buƙatar tiyata don gyara yanayin "ƙwanƙolin aorta biyu." Ko da ga jarirai waɗanda ba su da alamun cutar, tiyatar ta fi kyau a yi tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 9. Jariran da ke da alamun cutar, musamman idan alamun sun yi tsanani, suna iya buƙatar tiyata tun da wuri.

Ka yi tunani, an fara gano yanayin "double arches" a shekarar 1737. An yi tiyatar farko don wannan tiyatar a shekarar 1947. Tun daga lokacin, yaya muka kai ga wannan matsayi! Jarirai masu wannan lahani na haihuwa sun sami damar rayuwa mai tsawo da lafiya godiya ga maganin tiyata.

Tiyatar "Doble Aortic Arch"

Tiyatar "Double Aortic Arch" tana da aminci sosai, kuma sakamakon ya yi nasara sosai . Ba za a buƙaci a haɗa jaririnku da "injin zuciya da huhu" ba.

Ana yin tiyatar ne ta amfani da wata hanya da ake kira "lateral thoracotomy." Wannan yana nufin cewa likitan tiyata yana yin yanke a gefe ɗaya na ƙirjin jaririn, tsakanin haƙarƙari biyu. Sau da yawa ana yin wannan a gefen hagu, domin a nan ne yawancin jarirai ke da ƙaramin "ƙarin" kejin haƙarƙari. Gwaje-gwajen hoto da aka yi kafin tiyatar suna ba likitan tiyata damar duba cikin jikin jaririn sosai kuma ya tsara tiyatar daidai gwargwado.

Likitan tiyata yana amfani da dabarar "haɗawa da rabawa" . Wannan yana nufin cewa an ɗaure ƙaramin baka don dakatar da zubar jini ta cikinsa. Sannan a yanke shi a dinka shi. Ana maimaita wannan tsari har sai an raba baka gaba ɗaya kuma an kawar da matsin lamba akan bututun iska da makogwaro.

Jaririnka zai yi asibiti na tsawon mako guda, sannan ya warke ya dawo gida.

Jiyya na "Kommerell diverticulum" ('Kommerell diverticulum - KD`)

Ba kasafai ake samun wasu jarirai masu "bangar aorta biyu" ba, kuma suna iya samun wani abu da ake kira "Kommerell diverticulum (KD)." Wannan ya fi yawa a jarirai masu "bangar aorta dama," amma kuma ba kasafai ake samunsa ba tare da "bangar aorta biyu."

Wannan 'KD' wata 'aneurysm' ce, wata hanyar jini da ke tasowa a cikin 'aorta' mai saukowa kusa da 'babban aorta'. Wannan kumburin zai iya ɗaukar sarari ya kuma danna bututun iska da bututun abinci na jariri. Ba lallai ne ya haifar da wata matsala nan take ba. Duk da haka, likitocin fiɗa suna son cire wannan yayin ƙirƙirar 'babban aorta biyu' don hana matsaloli daga baya.

Maganin wasu lahani na zuciya

Idan jaririnku yana da wasu lahani na zuciya waɗanda ke buƙatar tiyata, za a iya yi masa magani a lokaci guda da baka na aorta mai kusurwa biyu. Wannan na iya buƙatar tiyata da ake kira "median sternotomy" , wanda ya haɗa da yin yanke a tsakiyar ƙirji. Likitan likitan jaririnku zai tattauna mafi kyawun zaɓi a gare ku, ya danganta da matsalolin da ake buƙatar magani.

Waɗanne matsaloli ne ka iya tasowa a tiyatar?

Haɗarin samun matsaloli daga tiyatar aorta sau biyu yana da ƙasa sosai . Ba kasafai ake samun wahalar shayarwa ko kuma matsalolin numfashi masu ɗorewa ba. Idan akwai wata matsalar numfashi mai ɗorewa, yawanci suna ɓacewa cikin shekara guda bayan tiyatar.

Matsalolin da ake fuskanta wajen tiyata don gyara baka na aorta da sauran lahani na zuciya na iya bambanta. Yi magana da likitan fiɗar jaririnka game da duk waɗannan haɗurra da rikitarwa.

Shin za a iya hana "Double Aortic Arch"?

A'a, ba za a iya hana wata cuta da ake kira "double aortic arch" ba. Abu ne da ke tasowa da wuri a lokacin daukar ciki kuma yana nan a lokacin haihuwa.

Menene makomar mutanen da ke fama da "Double Aortic Arch"?

Jarirai da yara da aka yi wa tiyatar "Double Aortic Arch" suna da kyakkyawar makoma . Za su iya rayuwa da kuma yin ayyukan yau da kullun ba tare da wani ƙuntatawa ba.

Bayan tiyatar, jaririnka zai iya ci gaba da yin numfashi mai ƙarfi har zuwa shekara guda. Wannan ya faru ne saboda bututun iska na jaririn bai cika girma ba saboda "babban ramin aorta biyu." Don haka, zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci kafin bututun iska ya yi ƙarfi.

Ba kasafai ake samun jarirai da yara suna iya samun alamun numfashi sama da shekara guda bayan tiyata ba.

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine a kai jaririnka don duba lafiyarsa akai-akai sannan a gaya wa likitanka idan kana da wata alama da ke ci gaba da nuna alamun cutar. Kulawa ta dogon lokaci tana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga kowane yaro da aka yi masa tiyatar zuciya.

Yaushe ya kamata in kira likitan jariri na?

Idan ka lura da wasu sabbin alamu, ko kuma idan alamun da ke akwai sun yi muni, yi magana da likitan jaririnka nan da nan. Jarirai da ƙananan yara suna canzawa sosai har wani lokacin yana iya zama da wuya a faɗi abin da ya dace da abin da ba shi da kyau. Amma idan jaririnka yana da wannan tari mai kama da "haske" ko kuma sautin numfashi , gaya wa likitanka nan da nan. Yana iya zama rashin lafiya ta yara. Amma ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, yana iya zama alamar matsalar zuciya da ke shafar ikon numfashin jaririnka.

Yaushe ya kamata ka kira 911 (lambar gaggawa)?

"Bangar aorta biyu" na iya sanya matsin lamba mai barazana ga rayuwar jaririnka. Idan fatar jaririnka ta yi launin shuɗi (cyanosis) , ko kuma idan jaririnka yana fuskantar wahalar numfashi , kira 911 nan da nan.

Waɗanne tambayoyi ya kamata in yi wa likitan jaririna?

Idan an gano cewa jaririnka yana da "ƙwanƙolin aorta biyu," abu ne da ya dace ka yi tambayoyi da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci ka san yanayin jaririnka, gami da lokacin da ake buƙatar tiyata, da kuma ko jaririnka yana da wasu matsalolin lafiya. Za ka iya yin tambayoyi kamar:

• Yaushe ya kamata a yi wa jaririyata tiyata?
• Ina ake yin tiyatar? Wanene ke yin ta?
• Waɗanne alamomi ya kamata in kula da su a gida?
• Me zan iya yi don sauƙaƙa wa jaririyata ta zauna a gida?
• Shin jaririna yana da wasu lahani na zuciya?
• Ya kamata in yi gwajin kwayoyin halitta ga jariri na ko sauran iyalina?
• Yaya makomar jaririyata za ta kasance?

Menene "Ciwon Aortic Arch"? Shin ya bambanta da "Biyu Aortic Arch"?

Eh, kada ku rikita su biyun. "Ciwon Aortic Arch Syndrome" wani nau'in "Vasculitis" ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba. Ana kuma kiransa da "Cutar Takayasu's arteritis" .

"Vasculitis" kumburi ne na bangon jijiyoyin jininka. Yana iya faruwa a kowace hanyar jini, har ma da ƙananan hanyoyin jini, wato capillaries. "Takayasu's arteritis" kumburi ne na matsakaicin girma da manyan hanyoyin jini. Ya fi faruwa a "babban aortic" da manyan rassansa. Shi ya sa ake kiransa da "ciwon aortic arch syndrome."

Ciwon jijiyoyin Takayasu (wanda kuma aka sani da "ciwon aortic arch syndrome") yana faruwa a cikin matasa da matasa . Wannan matsala ce ta daban da ta "babban aortic biyu" da muka tattauna a baya, kuma maganin da ake buƙata ya bambanta.

Haihuwar jariri yawanci lokaci ne na farin ciki da biki. Duk da haka, idan ka gano cewa jaririnka yana da ciwon zuciya, ko dai a lokacin daukar ciki ko bayan haihuwa, wannan farin ciki zai maye gurbinsa da damuwa da rashin tabbas. Idan ka gano cewa jaririnka yana da "kwanƙolin aorta biyu," wataƙila kana mamakin abin da zai biyo baya.

Kada ku damu. Ƙungiyar likitocinku za ta taimaka muku ta hanyar duk waɗannan matakai. Kun riga kun ɗauki mataki na farko, wato don ƙarin koyo game da yanayin jaririnku. Labari mai daɗi shine cewa tiyatar aorta sau biyu tana da aminci kuma tana da nasara. Idan jaririnku yana da wasu lahani na zuciya ko yanayin kwayoyin halitta, magani na iya zama ɗan rikitarwa. Duk da haka, tare da ci gaba a kula da jarirai, za ku iya taimaka wa jaririnku ya sami kulawar da ta dace da yake buƙata, ya murmure, kuma ya sami farin ciki a lokacin yarinta.

To, menene muhimman abubuwan da za a tuna daga abin da muka tattauna? (Saƙon Gida)

To, bari mu taƙaita wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ya kamata ku tuna daga abin da muka tattauna game da wannan "Double Aortic Arch":

• "Bangar zuciya biyu" lahani ne na zuciya da aka haifa . An raba tsakiyar zuciyar jaririn zuwa baka biyu, wanda ke haifar da matsewar trachea da esophagus.
• Manyan alamomin cutar sune wahalar numfashi, tari, wahalar haɗiyewa, da kuma yawan kamuwa da cututtukan numfashi .
• Ana gano wannan yanayin ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje kamar "CT scan", "MRI", "Echocardiogram" . Wani lokaci ma ana iya gano shi yayin daukar ciki.
• Maganin tiyata ne. Wannan tiyatar tana da aminci kuma tana da nasara sosai.
• Ga jariri bayan tiyataZa ka iya rayuwa mai kyau da koshin lafiya.
• Idan jaririnka yana da alamun kamar wahalar numfashi ko shaƙewa, nemi shawarar likita nan take .
• Kada ku damu . Tare da ci gaban maganin zamani, ana iya magance wannan matsalar cikin nasara. Ƙungiyar likitocinku za ta ba ku tallafin da kuke buƙata.

` Ƙwayar Zuciya Biyu, Ciwon Zuciyar da aka Haifa, Zobba na Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi, Asphyxia na Jarirai, Lafiyar Jarirai, Tiyatar Zuciya